Ch23 Exam Prep Animal Tissues And Organ Systems

Biology: The Essentials, 3e (Hoefnagels)

Chapter 23 Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

1) The study of an organism's structure is

A) physiology.

B) kinesiology.

C) endocrinology.

D) anatomy.

E) immunology.

2) The study of the function of all of the body's parts is

A) anatomy.

B) physiology.

C) pathology.

D) histology.

E) genetics.

3) Groups of cells that interact and provide a specific function are defined as a(n)

A) organ system.

B) organ.

C) tissue.

D) tumor.

E) No answer is correct.

4) You are asked to research what the eye is. You read that it contains nerves, muscles, and blood cells. Therefore, you decide that it is a(n)

A) organ.

B) tumor.

C) organ system.

D) tissue.

5) Different types of animal tissue include

A) epithelial tissue.

B) connective tissue.

C) muscle tissue.

D) nervous tissue.

E) All answers are correct.

6) The tissue type that acts as a lining of organs, serves in absorption and secretion, and also conducts gas diffusion is

A) connective.

B) nervous.

C) muscle.

D) epithelial.

E) All answers are correct.

7) The tissue type that provides support, transport, and insulation is

A) epithelial.

B) connective.

C) nervous.

D) muscle.

E) All answers are correct.

8) The tissue type that receives, processes, and transmits information by providing a communication network among cells is

A) epithelial.

B) connective.

C) nervous.

D) muscle.

E) All answers are correct.

9) The tissue type that provides contractions that power movement is

A) epithelial.

B) connective.

C) muscle.

D) nervous.

E) All answers are correct.

10) The type of epithelial tissue that forms a single layer of flattened cells is

A) stratified squamous.

B) simple cuboidal.

C) simple columnar.

D) simple squamous.

E) stratified columnar.

11) The type of epithelial tissue that forms multiple layers of flattened cells is

A) stratified squamous.

B) simple squamous.

C) simple cuboidal.

D) simple columnar.

E) stratified columnar.

12) The type of epithelial tissue that forms a single layer of cube-shaped cells is

A) simple squamous.

B) simple cuboidal.

C) stratified cuboidal.

D) simple columnar.

E) stratified columnar.

13) The type of epithelial tissue that forms a single layer of elongated cells is

A) stratified cuboidal.

B) simple squamous.

C) stratified squamous.

D) stratified columnar.

E) simple columnar.

14) The only type of connective tissue in which collagen is not secreted is

A) bone.

B) blood.

C) cartilage.

D) adipose.

E) loose connective.

15) You are given a tissue sample in culture and are asked to identify it. Chemical tests show that it secretes collagen and stores fat, so you label it 

A) bone.

B) cartilage.

C) adipose.

D) dense connective.

E) blood.

16) If a friend says that they have damage to connective tissue with a matrix of fine collagen fibers, you know that they have an issue with 

A) bone.

B) adipose.

C) cartilage.

D) dense connective.

E) blood.

17) The type of connective tissue with a mineralized extracellular matrix is

A) cartilage.

B) bone.

C) adipose.

D) blood.

E) loose connective.

18) The tissue that makes up the spinal cord and brain consists of

A) neurons only.

B) platelets and neuroglia.

C) platelets only.

D) neurons and platelets.

E) neurons and neuroglia.

19) The primary function of muscle tissue is

A) contraction.

B) absorption.

C) secretion.

D) impulse transmission.

E) compression.

20) You are observing a test subject move his arm. You notice that the subject can move the arm on command, and a tissue biopsy shows that the relevant muscle tissue has cells with many nuclei. You decide that the movement is due to muscle that is 

A) cardiac.

B) skeletal.

C) smooth.

D) both smooth and cardiac.

E) No answer is correct.

21) Muscle tissue that is controlled involuntarily and has no striations is

A) smooth.

B) cardiac.

C) skeletal.

D) cartilage.

E) squamous.

22) You are working in a diagnostic lab, and you receive a skin biopsy sample. The sample shows several groups of cancerous cells in the epithelium, so you say in your report that you found several 

A) carcinomas.

B) leukemias.

C) sarcomas.

D) hybridomas.

E) lymphomas.

23) The systems that coordinate communication are

A) skeletal and muscular.

B) circulatory and respiratory.

C) nervous and endocrine.

D) digestive and circulatory.

E) urinary and immune.

24) The systems that support and move the body are

A) skeletal and muscular.

B) nervous and endocrine.

C) circulatory and respiratory.

D) digestive and circulatory.

E) urinary and immune.

25) The systems that work together to acquire and use energy are

A) nervous and endocrine.

B) skeletal and muscular.

C) digestive, respiratory, and circulatory.

D) reproductive and integumentary.

E) urinary and immune.

26) If you were asked to list systems that are most critical for protecting the body from external threats, you would list 

A) nervous and endocrine.

B) skeletal and muscular.

C) digestive, respiratory, and circulatory.

D) integumentary, immune, and urinary.

E) reproductive and respiratory.

27) An action that counters an existing condition is called

A) negative feedback.

B) a mistake.

C) positive feedback.

D) directional control.

E) No answer is correct.

28) If you were doing experiments on rats and wanted to disrupt thermal homeostasis, you would want to disconnect the 

A) cerebellum.

B) hypothalamus.

C) cerebrum.

D) medulla oblongata.

E) spinal cord.

29) The body's first line of defense against disease-causing microorganisms is the

A) white blood cells.

B) process of phagocytosis.

C) production of antibodies.

D) production of T lymphocytes.

E) intact skin.

30) The temperature in a room dropping below the setting on the thermostat, causing the heater to turn on, and the heater turning off when the set temperature is reached, is an example of the principle of

A) homeostasis.

B) positive feedback.

C) negative feedback.

D) directional control.

31) Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease in which repeated bouts of inflammation result in collagen deposits in the skin. Which would be a symptom of scleroderma?

A) increased blood flow to the skin

B) increased flexibility in the skin

C) change in the skin cell type from squamous to columnar

D) change in the skin cell type from columnar to squamous

E) less flexibility and sensitivity to temperature in the skin

32) Our cells use vitamin C to make collagen, and people on a diet deficient in vitamin C have increased risk of small blood vessels rupturing. Which is the best explanation for this observation?

A) Collagen is the connective tissue in blood.

B) Collagen weakens the cells lining blood vessels.

C) Collagen is in the connective tissue surrounding blood vessels.

D) Collagen causes blood vessels to become stiff and more likely to break.

E) Collagen inhibits blood clotting.

33) Blood vessels are lined by a single layer of flattened cells. Which type of cells line blood vessels?

A) stratified squamous

B) simple cuboidal

C) simple squamous

D) simple columnar

E) pseudostratified columnar

34) Patients with muscular dystrophy have decreased voluntary motion, while involuntary motions remain normal. Which tissues are affected by muscular dystrophy?

A) both skeletal and cardiac muscle

B) cardiac muscle only

C) skeletal muscle only

D) both cardiac and smooth muscle

E) smooth muscle only

35) One way humans maintain body temperature is by increasing blood flow to the skin and sweating. Which organ systems are interacting in this process?

A) circulatory and muscular

B) muscular and integumentary

C) endocrine and muscular

D) circulatory and integumentary

E) endocrine and circulatory

36) Which tissue within skin is responsible for producing sweat?

A) epithelial

B) connective

C) muscle

D) nervous

E) endocrine

37) Blood flow is increased by vasodilation, or widening of the blood vessel. Which tissue is responsible for vasodilation?

A) epithelial

B) connective

C) muscle

D) adipose

E) endocrine

38) When a blood clot begins to form, the enzyme thrombin is formed. Thrombin then activates the enzymes that produce more thrombin. This is an example of ________ feedback.

A) negative

B) positive

C) endocrine

D) nervous

E) hormonal

39) The liver produces 90% of the cholesterol in your body. Most cholesterol is transported in the blood as low density lipoprotein (LDL). When the levels of blood LDL increase, the enzyme in the liver that makes cholesterol is inhibited. This is an example of ________ feedback.

A) positive

B) endocrine

C) nervous

D) negative

E) hormonal

40) An organ is defined as consisting of two or more interacting tissues.

41) In a hierarchical description of an animal, tissues would fall between cells and organs.

42) The most common way that living organisms maintain homeostasis is by positive feedback mechanisms.

43) If you observe that the hypothalamus of a newly discovered animal stimulates blood vessels in the skin to relax in response to excessive body temperature, you know that it is an ectotherm.

44) Most burn victims who have substantial damage to their skin are prescribed powerful antibiotics because the intact skin is the first defense against bacterial infections.

45) What two features do all tissues share?

A) All tissues are composed of cells in an extracellular matrix and make up organs.

B) All tissues have DNA and are unique to a specific organ.

C) All tissues have protein fibers and are unique to a specific organ.

D) All tissues have carbohydrate skeletons and are unique to a specific organ.

E) All answers are correct.

46) Which animal tissue has control over the other tissues and is found in all organ systems?

A) epithelial

B) connective

C) muscular

D) nervous

E) No answer is correct.

47) The tissue which gives the outer part of the ear its shape is unique to animals.

48) Neurons insulate neuroglia as the latter carry electrical signals.

49) Muscle cells insulate neuroglia as the latter carry electrical signals to muscles.

50) Feathers, whether on an ancient dinosaur or a modern bird, can help in thermoregulation by holding onto body heat.

51) The cross-sectional area of the nasal cavity can be an important indicator of whether an animal is an endotherm or an ectotherm.

52) If you found a dinosaur fossil in which the nasal cavity cross section was proportionally as large as in a dog, you would probably have found an endothermal dinosaur.

53) What might an ectotherm do to conserve or obtain body heat?

A) seek sunshine

B) bask on warm rocks

C) make an insulated burrow

D) tuck legs into its body

E) All answers are correct.

54) What is a principal mechanism by which endotherms obtain body heat?

A) generate heat via metabolism

B) seek sunshine

C) bask on warm rocks

D) make an insulated burrow

E) tuck legs into the body

55) The tissue that gives the skull its shape is shared with plants.