Ch19 | Metabolism Regulation – Test Bank 15th Ed - Human Physiology 15e | Test Bank with Answer Key by Stuart Fox by Stuart Fox, Krista Rompolski. DOCX document preview.
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Human Physiology, 15e (Fox)
Chapter 19 Regulation of Metabolism
1) One gram of fat contains more energy than 2 grams of protein.
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.
2) The metabolic rate of an awake, relaxed person, 12 to 14 hours after eating, at a comfortable temperature is known as the ________.
A) average metabolic rate
B) basal metabolic rate
C) oxidative metabolic rate
D) metabolic rate
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.06 Define metabolic rate and basal metabolic rate.
3) The main factor determining differences in energy requirements of individuals of the same gender and body size is the difference in ________.
A) physical activity
B) genetics
C) body temperature
D) height
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.07 Describe factors that affect metabolic rate.
4) Metabolic rate can be measured by the ________.
A) amount of heat generated by the body
B) heart and respiration rates
C) amount of oxygen consumed by the body
D) amount of heat generated and the amount of oxygen consumed by the body
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.08 Explain the importance of thermoregulation in the body.
5) A positive energy balance occurs when ________.
A) daily energy expenditure is greater than the calorie intake over time
B) daily energy expenditure balance the calorie intake over time
C) calorie intake is greater than daily energy expenditure over time
D) you lose weight
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.05 Discuss the importance of energy (caloric) balance in maintaining healthy body weight.
6) What is the average energy expenditure for an active man not engaged in heavy manual labor?
A) 2100 kcal/day
B) 2500 kcal/day
C) 2900 kcal/day
D) 3200 kcal/day
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.; O05.05 Discuss the importance of energy (caloric) balance in maintaining healthy body weight.
7) Reactions that cause triglyceride storage to increase, and bones of the skeleton to grow longer, would be considered ________.
A) anabolic
B) hydrolytic
C) catabolic
D) degradation
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.01 Define metabolism, anabolism and catabolism
8) There are nine essential amino acids and two essential fatty acids.
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01a Define nutrient, essential nutrient and non-essential nutrient.
9) If an unsaturated fatty acid chain is 22 carbons long and the first of three double bonds is at the fifth carbon from the methyl end, it would be an ________ fatty acid.
A) omega-5
B) omega-22
C) omega-3
D) omega-16
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.
10) Fatty acids that have double bonds between the carbons are called saturated fatty acids.
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.
11) If an individual consumes excess calories in the form of carbohydrates, the excess energy is stored as ________.
A) glycogen
B) structural carbohydrates
C) adipose tissue
D) skeletal muscle
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition; Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03e Describe the nutrient interconversion pathways that involve fats.
12) Which of the following is NOT an essential amino acid?
A) Leucine
B) Valine
C) Lysine
D) Proline
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01a Define nutrient, essential nutrient and non-essential nutrient.
13) Which of the following is NOT a fat-soluble vitamin?
A) Vitamin E
B) Vitamin A
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01d Classify vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and discuss the major uses of each vitamin in the body.
14) Formation of new connective tissue after a cut would be delayed due to a lack of ________.
A) vitamin E
B) vitamin C
C) potassium
D) vitamin A
Section: 19.01
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01d Classify vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and discuss the major uses of each vitamin in the body.
15) Strict vegetarians may be susceptible to ________.
A) pernicious anemia
B) night blindness
C) abnormally low blood glucose levels
D) scurvy
Section: 19.01
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01d Classify vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and discuss the major uses of each vitamin in the body.; O07.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body metabolic processes could not maintain homeostasis.
16) Which vitamin or mineral is associated with preventing free radical accumulation in the body?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin A
C) Vitamin K
D) Niacin
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01d Classify vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and discuss the major uses of each vitamin in the body.
17) Prolonged bleeding time may be an indication of a ________ deficiency.
A) vitamin C
B) vitamin D
C) vitamin K
D) vitamin E
Section: 19.01
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01d Classify vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and discuss the major uses of each vitamin in the body.
18) Choose the process below that does NOT describe a function of water-soluble vitamins and their derivatives.
A) Serving as coenzymes in metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
B) Forming hydrogen carriers NAD and FAD
C) Acting as cofactors for enzymes
D) Intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01d Classify vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and discuss the major uses of each vitamin in the body.
19) Choose the mineral that is only needed in trace amounts by the body.
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Iron
D) Calcium
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01e List the important dietary minerals and describe the major uses of each mineral in the body.
20) Tissue damage by free radicals is prevented to some extent by all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) beta-carotene
B) vitamin C
C) vitamin D
D) vitamin E
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01d Classify vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and discuss the major uses of each vitamin in the body.
21) Superoxide radicals have which of the following beneficial effects?
A) Killing bacteria
B) Promote proliferation of fibroblasts
C) Promote proliferation of lymphocytes
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.05 Describe the processes of oxidation, reduction, decarboxylation, and phosphorylation.
22) Excessive production of free radicals that can damage lipids, proteins, and DNA is called ________.
A) inflammation
B) antioxidation
C) oxidative stress
D) quenching
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.05 Describe the processes of oxidation, reduction, decarboxylation, and phosphorylation.
23) A free radical has ________ electrons.
A) paired
B) unpaired
C) unbonded
D) bonded
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.05 Describe the processes of oxidation, reduction, decarboxylation, and phosphorylation.
24) Which of the following is NOT an endogenous source of ROS (reactive oxygen species)?
A) Peroxisomes
B) UV light
C) Catalase
D) NADPH oxidase
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.05 Describe the processes of oxidation, reduction, decarboxylation, and phosphorylation.
25) What is the major non-enzymatic protective mechanism against oxidative stress?
A) Ascorbic acid
B) Alpha-tocopherol
C) Beta-carotene
D) Glutathione
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.05 Describe the processes of oxidation, reduction, decarboxylation, and phosphorylation.
26) Which of the following is NOT a nonenzymatic protection against oxidative stress?
A) Hydrogen peroxide
B) Glutathione
C) Ascorbic acid
D) Alpha-tocopherol
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.05 Describe the processes of oxidation, reduction, decarboxylation, and phosphorylation.
27) Primary energy reserves include stored glycogen and triglycerides.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.
28) The preferred energy source for resting skeletal muscle is ________.
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) fatty acids
D) protein
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.
29) The only energy source for the brain is ________.
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) fatty acid
D) protein
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.; O05.03 Explain the significance of glucose-sparing for neural tissue in the post-absorptive state.
30) Levels of ________ could not be measured in a blood sample.
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) fatty acids
D) amino acids
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.01c For carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - list their dietary sources, state their energy yields per gram, and discuss their common uses in the body.
31) Where is the major site of body energy storage?
A) Brown adipose tissue
B) Liver
C) White adipose tissue
D) Inside skeletal muscle cells
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism; Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.
32) The body's adipostat utilizes a negative feedback mechanism that maintains a certain amount of adipose tissue.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.; O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.
33) Lipolysis is the process by which triglycerides are stored in adipocytes.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolism of lipids
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03b Describe the basic process of lipogenesis and lipolysis.
34) Leptin administration may be helpful for treating a number of conditions. Given its actions, choose the appropriate clinical application for leptin.
A) Administering leptin should increase hunger in those with eating disorders, leading to greater food intake.
B) Administering leptin may help to restore menstrual cycles in women with insufficient adipose tissue.
C) Administering leptin will signal the hypothalamus to decrease metabolic rate, thereby allowing a thin individual to regain lost weight.
D) Administering leptin will in turn increase ghrelin secretion in those who are leptin deficient.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.12d In adipose tissue, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in leptin and resistin levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
35) Obesity in adults results primarily from adipocyte hypertrophy, rather than hyperplasia.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.; O05.05 Discuss the importance of energy (caloric) balance in maintaining healthy body weight.
36) The nuclear receptor protein required for differentiation of ________ is PPARγ (perioxisome proliferator activated receptor γ).
A) erythrocytes
B) fibroblasts
C) adipocytes
D) reticulocytes
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.
37) Which of the following is an adipose tissue hormone that stimulates glucose utilization and fatty acid oxidation in muscle cells, thereby producing an insulin-sensitizing, antidiabetic effect?
A) Leptin
B) Adiponectin
C) TNF alpha
D) Resistin
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03c Describe the role of hormones (such as cortisol, human growth hormone and thyroid hormone) in regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis.; O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.
38) Insulin resistance may be stimulated by elevated concentrations of all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) tumor necrosis factor alpha
B) resistin
C) adiponectin
D) retinol binding protein 4
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.
39) Decreased leptin secretion should not cause ________.
A) a decline in helper T abilities
B) delayed onset of puberty
C) menstrual abnormalities
D) suppression of appetite
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.; J05.12d In adipose tissue, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in leptin and resistin levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
40) The risk of cardiovascular disease is increased in someone with ________.
A) a larger hip than waist circumference
B) a 1:1 waist to hip ratio
C) a BMI of 24
D) insufficient visceral fat storage
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.12d In adipose tissue, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in leptin and resistin levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
41) Adipose cells are less sensitive to insulin in ________.
A) obese individuals
B) anorexic individuals
C) individuals who do not exercise
D) individuals at their optimal weight
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.
42) The BMI of a female weighing 130 pounds with a height of 68 inches would be closest to ________.
A) 2.4
B) 19.8
C) 76.5
D) 34.8
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.; O05.05 Discuss the importance of energy (caloric) balance in maintaining healthy body weight.
43) Which condition is NOT found in metabolic syndrome?
A) Hypotension
B) Insulin resistance
C) Dyslipidemia
D) Central obesity
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J07.02 List the hormones released during short-term stress and describe the hormonal actions.
44) Hyperphagia is produced by destroying the ventromedial area of the hypothalamus.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.
45) The satiety factor that acts to suppress neuropeptide Y and stimulate MSH release is ________.
A) leptin
B) MSH
C) glucose
D) insulin
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.; J05.12d In adipose tissue, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in leptin and resistin levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
46) Satiety would be induced by all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) cholecystokinin
B) naloxone
C) ghrelin
D) serotonin
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.
47) A tumor suppressing the activity of which brain area could induce obesity?
A) Ventromedial hypothalamus
B) Lateral hypothalamus
C) Dorsomedial hypothalamus
D) Anterior hypothalamus
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.
48) Since they are released between meals, ________ are involved in the short-term regulation of hunger.
A) leptin and CCK
B) ghrelin and CCK
C) insulin and PYY
D) leptin and insulin
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.
49) Which hormones are involved in long-term regulation of hunger?
A) Leptin and CCK
B) Ghrelin and CCK
C) Insulin and PYY
D) Leptin and insulin
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O01.03 Discuss appetite control, including its regulation by hormones.
50) Ablation of the thyroid gland would cause a drop in basal metabolic rate.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.07 Describe factors that affect metabolic rate.; O07.01 Predict factors or situations affecting metabolism that could disrupt homeostasis.
51) Activation of the sympathoadrenal system would cause ________.
A) hypoglycemia
B) diabetes insipidus
C) hyperglycemia
D) excessive weight gain
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O06.02 Explain the role of metabolism as it relates to other body systems to maintain homeostasis.; J05.04d In the adrenal gland, predict the largest effect that fluctuations in epinephrine and norepinephrine will have on conditions (variables) within the human body.
52) Starvation decreases metabolic rate by as much as ________.
A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 40%
D) 65%
Section: 19.02
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.07 Describe factors that affect metabolic rate.; O06.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how metabolic processes respond to maintain homeostasis in the body.
53) Which of the following components of energy expenditure is greatest in an average, sedentary adult?
A) Basal metabolic rate
B) Adaptive thermogenesis
C) Physical activity
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.07 Describe factors that affect metabolic rate.
54) One of the factors that increases body heat during adaptive thermogenesis is the production of ________ by skeletal muscle. This product causes leakage of protons from the intermembrane space of the mitochondria.
A) uncoupling protein
B) insulin
C) glycogen
D) glucagon
Section: 19.02
Topic: Body temperature regulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.08 Explain the importance of thermoregulation in the body.
55) Adaptive thermogenesis is the heat energy expended by the body in response to all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) increase in ambient temperature
B) digestion of food
C) physical activity
D) decrease in ambient temperature
Section: 19.02
Topic: Body temperature regulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.08 Explain the importance of thermoregulation in the body.
56) What is the major function of brown adipose tissue?
A) Shivering thermogenesis
B) Nonshivering thermogenesis
C) Decreasing metabolic rate
D) Decrease body temperature
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.; O05.08 Explain the importance of thermoregulation in the body.
57) What hormone is important in adaptive thermogenesis?
A) Calcitonin
B) Thyroxine
C) Insulin
D) MSH
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; O05.08 Explain the importance of thermoregulation in the body.
58) Epinephrine increases lipolysis and ketogenesis.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolism of lipids; Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03c Describe the role of hormones (such as cortisol, human growth hormone and thyroid hormone) in regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis.
59) Which hormone would promote the storage of triglycerides?
A) Insulin
B) Epinephrine
C) Glucagon
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Metabolism of lipids; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03c Describe the role of hormones (such as cortisol, human growth hormone and thyroid hormone) in regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis.
60) Lipolysis is increased by ________.
A) epinephrine
B) growth hormone
C) glucagon
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism; Metabolic roles of body organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03c Describe the role of hormones (such as cortisol, human growth hormone and thyroid hormone) in regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis.
61) Which hormone has no effect on blood glucose levels?
A) Insulin
B) Thyroid hormone
C) Growth hormone
D) Epinephrine
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.
62) Elevated concentrations of glucagon would result in ________.
A) decreased lipolysis
B) decreased glycogen synthesis
C) increased gluconeogenesis
D) increased lipogenesis
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; J05.07d In the pancreas, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in insulin and glucagon levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
63) Lipolysis and gluconeogenesis are stimulated when ________.
A) insulin and glucagon are both decreasing
B) insulin and glucagon are both increasing
C) insulin is increasing and glucagon is decreasing
D) insulin is decreasing and glucagon is increasing
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Metabolism of lipids; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.
64) The hormone that antagonizes the effect of growth hormone is ________.
A) glucagon
B) thyroxin
C) insulin
D) epinephrine
Section: 19.03
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.
65) The period between meals is ________.
A) absorptive state
B) fasting state
C) postabsorptive state
D) Both fasting and postabsorptive state are correct.
Section: 19.03
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.01 Compare and contrast the processes that occur in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.
66) Destruction of the alpha cells of the pancreas would decrease glucagon secretion.
Section: 19.03
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.07b In the pancreas, identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce insulin and glucagon.
67) Elevated blood glucose triggers insulin secretion.
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; J05.07a In the pancreas, describe the stimulus for release of insulin and glucagon.
68) Which substance is made by the delta cells of the pancreas?
A) Glucose
B) Somatostatin
C) Glucagon
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.03
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: N08.06a For each of the following, state the organ or structure that produces the following hormones or paracrine agents - gastrin, cholecystokinin, secretin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, histamine, somatostatin, and motilin.
69) How much of the blood glucose does the brain use when a person is at rest?
A) 30%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%
Section: 19.03
Topic: Introduction to metabolism; Metabolism of carbohydrates
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.03 Explain the significance of glucose-sparing for neural tissue in the post-absorptive state.
70) Insulin secretion is stimulated by ________ blood glucose concentrations.
A) increased
B) decreased
C) unchanged
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Metabolic roles of body organs; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.07a In the pancreas, describe the stimulus for release of insulin and glucagon.
71) The effects of glucagon are ________ by insulin.
A) enhanced
B) opposed
C) synergized
D) agonized
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Metabolic roles of body organs; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.
72) Destruction of which pancreatic cells would cause hyperglycemia?
A) Alpha cells
B) Beta cells
C) Delta cells
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Metabolic roles of body organs; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; J05.07b In the pancreas, identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce insulin and glucagon.
73) Increased expression of ________ in the plasma membranes will promote the cellular uptake of glucose.
A) glucagon
B) insulin
C) GLUT4
D) leptin
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; J05.07c In the pancreas, name the target tissue or cells for insulin and glucagon and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
74) During the absorptive state, catabolic reactions are favored over anabolic reactions.
Section: 19.03
Topic: Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.02 Provide examples of anabolic and catabolic reactions.
75) The major hormone promoter of anabolism is ________.
A) glucagon
B) somatostatin
C) epinephrine
D) insulin
Section: 19.03
Topic: Introduction to metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O02.02 Provide examples of anabolic and catabolic reactions.
76) What organ has the most insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the absorptive state?
A) Skeletal muscle
B) Brain
C) Liver
D) Cardiac muscle
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Metabolic roles of body organs; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.03 Describe the role of skeletal muscle in metabolism.; O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.
77) Once glycogen stores have been met, an excess of calories results in the production of triglycerides.
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03e Describe the nutrient interconversion pathways that involve fats.
78) What hormone is most important for maintaining blood glucose levels during the post-absorptive or fasting states?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Somatostatin
D) Thyroxine
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.
79) Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate molecules is called ________.
A) glycogenolysis
B) glycolysis
C) gluconeogenesis
D) ketogenesis
Section: 19.03
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.01e Describe the processes of glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis, including the substrates and products of each.; O03.01g Predict the metabolic conditions that would favor each of the following processes: glycogenesis, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
80) Type II diabetes mellitus ________.
A) is characterized by destruction of the pancreatic alpha cells
B) is characterized by destruction of the pancreatic beta cells
C) results from a deficiency of insulin
D) results from a decrease in the effectiveness of insulin on body tissues
Section: 19.04
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O07.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body metabolic processes could not maintain homeostasis.; J05.07d In the pancreas, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in insulin and glucagon levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
81) Uncontrolled type I diabetes mellitus has the potential to ________.
A) cause hypertension
B) induce metabolic acidosis
C) increase brain glucose utilization
D) decrease hepatic ketogenesis
Section: 19.04
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.07d In the pancreas, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in insulin and glucagon levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.; Q08.02 Predict factors or situations that would lead to a disruption of homeostasis by causing respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, or metabolic alkalosis.
82) Which of the following is true of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A) Lack of insulin leads to hypertension and decreased fatty acids in the blood.
B) Lack of insulin causes a decrease in glucagon production.
C) Glucagon production will increase, which leads to hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.
D) Lack of insulin leads to hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis.
Section: 19.04
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O07.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body metabolic processes could not maintain homeostasis.; J05.07b In the pancreas, identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce insulin and glucagon.
83) Exercise should be recommended for Type II diabetics since it lessens muscle tissue's dependency on insulin.
Section: 19.04
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.03 Describe the role of skeletal muscle in metabolism.
84) Drugs that activate PPAR gamma receptors are useful in the treatment of what metabolic disorder?
A) Type 1 diabetes
B) Type 2 diabetes
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Acromegaly
Section: 19.04
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O07.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body metabolic processes could not maintain homeostasis.; J05.07d In the pancreas, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in insulin and glucagon levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
85) Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus can cause ________.
A) increased hepatic secretion of glucose and decreased uptake by skeletal muscles
B) increased hepatic secretion of glucose and increased uptake by skeletal muscles
C) decreased hepatic secretion of glucose and decreased uptake by skeletal muscles
D) decreased hepatic secretion of glucose and increased uptake by skeletal muscles
Section: 19.04
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J09.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis.
86) Identify the process characterized by an exaggerated response of beta cells to a rise in blood glucose, usually seen in those predisposed to Type II diabetes?
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Reactive hypoglycemia
C) Stress hyperglycemia
D) Exercise hypoglycemia
Section: 19.04
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J09.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis.
87) Glucagon and cortisol can both increase lipolysis to provide energy substrates.
Section: 19.05
Topic: Metabolism of lipids; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03c Describe the role of hormones (such as cortisol, human growth hormone and thyroid hormone) in regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis.
88) Lipolysis would ________ as a result of inadequate cortisol secretion by the adrenal cortex.
A) increase
B) decrease
C) not change
Section: 19.05
Topic: Metabolism of lipids; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03c Describe the role of hormones (such as cortisol, human growth hormone and thyroid hormone) in regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis.
89) A stressful situation would stimulate ________ gluconeogenesis.
A) increased
B) decreased
C) no change in
Section: 19.05
Topic: Metabolism of carbohydrates; Hormonal response to stress
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.01g Predict the metabolic conditions that would favor each of the following processes: glycogenesis, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.; J07.02 List the hormones released during short-term stress and describe the hormonal actions.
90) Glucose regulation by cortisol would be impaired by ablation of the ________.
A) adrenal medulla
B) thyroid gland
C) Islets of Langerhans
D) adrenal cortex
Section: 19.05
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.04b In the adrenal gland, identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), gonadocorticoids, epinephrine and norepinephrine.
91) In brown adipose tissue, norepinephrine stimulates ________.
A) beta1-adrenergic receptors
B) beta2-adrenergic receptors
C) beta3-adrenergic receptors
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.05
Topic: Metabolic roles of body organs; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O04.02 Explain the role of adipose tissue in metabolism.
92) What hormone is needed to set the BMR?
A) Calcitonin
B) Cortisol
C) Thyroxine
D) Glucagon
Section: 19.05
Topic: Introduction to metabolism; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.07 Describe factors that affect metabolic rate.; J05.02c In the thyroid gland, name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells from thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin.
93) The actions of thyroxine ________ the production of metabolic heat.
A) increase
B) decrease
C) have no effect on
Section: 19.05
Topic: Body temperature regulation; Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.08 Explain the importance of thermoregulation in the body.; J05.02c In the thyroid gland, name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells from thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin.
94) IGF-1 and IGF-2 are known as ________ because they mediate the actions of growth hormone.
A) somatostatins
B) somatomedins
C) somatotropins
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.05
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.01f Describe the role of hormones (such as cortisol, growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin, glucagon and norepinephrine) in regulation of carbohydrate catabolism and anabolism.
95) Which of the following is caused by the excess secretion of growth hormone in adults?
A) Gigantism
B) Myxedema
C) Acromegaly
D) Osteomalacia
Section: 19.05
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.01d Predict the larger effect that fluctuations in the hormone level will have on conditions (variables) within the body for growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin).
96) Growth hormone secretion is ________ during sleep.
A) increased
B) decreased
C) increased, then stopped
D) decreased, then increased
Section: 19.05
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.01a Describe the stimulus for release of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin).
97) Growth hormone ________.
A) stimulates hepatic somatomedin secretion
B) directly stimulates bone growth
C) inhibits lipolysis
D) stimulates tissue glucose utilization
Section: 19.05
Topic: Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and their functions
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.01c Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin.
98) Bone resorption is produced by the action of ________, which return bone calcium and phosphate to the blood.
A) osteoblasts
B) osteoclasts
C) osteocytes
D) calcitonin
Section: 19.06
Topic: Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
99) Which of the following is characterized by parallel losses of mineral and organic matrix from bone?
A) Osteomalacia
B) Rickets
C) Osteoporosis
D) Osteitis deformans (Paget's disease)
Section: 19.06
Topic: Clinical applications of the skeletal system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
100) Cells synthesizing hydroxyapatite in bones are termed as ________.
A) osteoblasts
B) osteoclasts
C) osteocytes
D) osteosarcoma cells
Section: 19.06
Topic: Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling; Microscopic anatomy of bone
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
101) To mobilize calcium from bone, osteoclasts bind to bone and transport ________ into the bone matrix to dissolve calcium.
A) phosphate
B) calcitonin
C) PTH
D) H+
Section: 19.06
Topic: Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling; Microscopic anatomy of bone
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
102) Osteoclast (growth or function) is inhibited by ________.
A) calcitonin
B) osteoprotegerin
C) osteoblasts
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.06
Topic: Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling; Microscopic anatomy of bone
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
103) Hypocalcemia enhances the excitability of nerves and muscles because of the ________ permeability of the cell membrane to ________.
A) increased; K+
B) decreased; K+
C) increased; Na+
D) decreased; Na+
Section: 19.06
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
104) Ablation of the thyroid gland would increase plasma Ca2+.
Section: 19.06
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism; Clinical applications of the endocrine system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
105) The thyroid gland secretes all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) thyroxin
B) triiodothyronine
C) calcitonin
D) parathyroid hormone
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.02a In the thyroid gland, describe the stimulus for release of the hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin.
106) The actions of parathyroid hormone are antagonized by the actions of ________.
A) vitamin D
B) calcitonin
C) estradiol
D) insulin
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
107) Which of the following is NOT an action of parathyroid hormone?
A) Stimulates osteoclasts to resorb calcium
B) Stimulated osteoblasts to deposit calcium
C) Stimulates kidneys to reabsorb calcium
D) Stimulates formation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
108) Which of the following can regulate the skeletal system?
A) Estrogen
B) Testosterone
C) Calcitonin
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions; Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
109) What hormone is necessary for the epiphyseal discs (growth plates) to seal and stop bone growth in length?
A) Calcitonin
B) Estrogen
C) PTH
D) Leptin
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.06c In the ovary, name the target tissue or cells for estrogen, progesterone and inhibin and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells.
110) Osteoporosis ________.
A) is most common in premenopausal women
B) does not occur in men
C) can be treated by stimulating osteoclasts
D) can be limited by estrogen-replacement therapy
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions; Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling; Clinical applications of the skeletal system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J05.06d In the ovary, predict the larger effect that fluctuations in estrogen, progesterone and inhibin levels will have on conditions (variables) within the body.
111) A lack of vitamin D ________.
A) stimulates increased calcitonin secretion
B) causes osteomalacia in children
C) decreases absorption of dietary calcium
D) inhibits PTH secretion
Section: 19.06
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
112) Following thyroid gland removal, individuals would need to take pharmacological levels of both thyroid hormone and calcitonin.
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
113) What would happen following a complete parathyroidectomy and no post-surgical pharmacotherapy was initiated?
A) Blood calcium levels could drop to dangerously low levels.
B) Blood calcium levels would increase slightly, but not to dangerous levels.
C) Blood calcium levels would increase to dangerous levels.
D) No net effect on calcium levels over time as the thyroid would enlarge and secrete additional calcitonin to compensate.
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions; Clinical applications of the endocrine system
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J09.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis.; J05.01c Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin.; F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.; J05.01b Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin).
114) If a thyroid tumor were to result in hypersecretion of calcitonin, we would expect ________.
A) a decreased level of osteoclast activity
B) a reduced rate of endochondral ossification
C) a rise in blood calcium concentration
D) increasingly brittle bones
Section: 19.06
Topic: Hormones from other endocrine glands and their functions; Clinical applications of the endocrine system
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: J09.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis.; J05.01c Name the target tissue or cells for the hormone and describe the effect(s) of the hormone on the target tissue or cells of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin.; F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.; J05.01b Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (or vasopressin).
115) Which of the following would be favorable to bone deposition?
A) Increased kidney reabsorption of calcium
B) Increased PTH hormone secretion
C) Increased osteoblast inhibition
D) Intestinal excretion of phosphate
E) Stem cell differentiation into osteoclasts
Section: 19.06
Topic: Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.
116) Which of the following contains the greatest amount of potential energy?
A) 70 Calories of lettuce
B) 1/2 teaspoon of peanut butter (contains 4 g fat, 3 g carbohydrate, and 2 g of protein)
C) A portion of pasta sufficient to raise the temperature of 6 cubic centimeters from 14.5° to 15.5°C
D) A portion of fat trimmed from a steak equal to 6 calories
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition; Introduction to metabolism
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.04 Define calorie and kilocalorie.
117) Which of the following demonstrates a situation when the metabolic rate in A is greater than in B?
A) A single person in two different thermic states; A = exercise induced hyperthermia, B = surgically induced hypothermia
B) A single person running at different two speeds; A = 5.5 mph, and B = 7.0 mph
C) Two different people running at the same speed; person A = 155 lbs, person B = 180 lbs
D) A single person in two different thyroid states; A = hypothyroidism, B = hyperthyroidism
Section: 19.01
Topic: Introduction to nutrition; Introduction to metabolism; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.07 Describe factors that affect metabolic rate.; O07.01 Predict factors or situations affecting metabolism that could disrupt homeostasis.
118) Which of the following situations would result in a chronic state of elevated glucagon, decreased insulin, increased growth hormone, increased cortisol, and decreased sex steroids?
A) A chronic state of fasting
B) A bodybuilder immediately postworkout
C) A middle-aged male with metabolic syndrome
D) A menopausal female in the absorptive state
Section: 19.02
Topic: Introduction to metabolism; Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.01 Compare and contrast the processes that occur in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; O05.07 Describe factors that affect metabolic rate.; O07.01 Predict factors or situations affecting metabolism that could disrupt homeostasis.
119) Which of the following is associated with an effective treatment of type 2 diabetes?
A) Exercise-related adipocyte atrophy, fasting blood glucose reductions, and increased insulin sensitivity
B) Exercise-related muscle hypertrophy, increased blood glucose after 2 hours of an oral-glucose tolerance test, and increased fasting insulin levels
C) Exercise-dependent GLUT4 carrier translocation, increased glycosuria, increased insulin resistance
Section: 19.04
Topic: Clinical applications of nutrition and metabolism
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O05.02 Explain the role of cortisol, human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive and post-absorptive states.; O07.01 Predict factors or situations affecting metabolism that could disrupt homeostasis.
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Connected Book
Human Physiology 15e | Test Bank with Answer Key by Stuart Fox
By Stuart Fox, Krista Rompolski