Ch15 Exam Questions Hate Crimes, Mass Murder, Terrorism, And

Test Bank

Chapter 15: Hate Crimes, Mass Murder, Terrorism, and Homeland Security

Multiple Choice

1. The ______ amended the Hate Crime Statistics Act to enhance penalties for offenses that involve a motivation bias.

a. Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996

b. Campus Hate Crimes Right to Know Act of 1997

c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

d. Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which act required the Attorney General, as part of the Uniform Crime Reports program, to develop guidelines and collect data about crimes that could be based on race, religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity?

a. Campus Hate Crime Right to Know Act of 1997

b. Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990

c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

d. Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. According to model state legislation, the following factors should be considered hate crimes motivated by a person’s status as homeless EXCEPT ______.

a. acts that result in the death of a person

b. acts that deface, damage, or destroy, or attempt to deface, damage, or destroy the personal property of the person

c. assault, aggravated assault, battery, or aggravated battery on the person

d. violating a contract with a homeless person

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Model State Legislation: Hate Crimes/Violence Against People Experiencing Homelessness

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The ______ makes it unlawful to willfully cause bodily injury, or attempt to do so, with a dangerous weapon when the offense is committed because of the actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability of any person.

a. Campus Hate Crime Right to Know Act of 1997

b. Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990

c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

d. Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. ______ involves terrorist activities against the government that are committed by rebellious groups.

a. Dissident terrorism

b. Criminal terrorism

c. State-sponsored terrorism

d. Religious terrorism

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Typologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Byers and Crider used what theory to examine hate crimes against the Amish?

a. labeling theory

b. social learning theory

c. neutralization theory

d. routine activities theory

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theoretical Explanations of Hate Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. ______ is a communication frame that exposes corrupt or illegal behavior.

a. Reportage frames

b. Investigative frames

c. Contention frames

d. Mythic frames

e. Cultural recognition frames

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Influence of the Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. All of the following are considered general goals for achieving homeland security EXCEPT ______.

a. respond to and recover from terrorist incidents that occur

b. prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks

c. protect the American people, critical infrastructure, and key resources

d. maintain dominance of minority political parties in America

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Homeland Security

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Terrorist financing has been linked to fraud involving all of the following EXCEPT ______.

a. food stamps

b. credit cards

c. white collar

d. welfare

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Financial Support

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The majority of bias-motivated incidents reported by law enforcement agencies were motivated by a/an ______ bias.

a. religious

b. ethnicity/national origin

c. sexual-orientation

d. racial

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. All of the following use game theory EXCEPT ______.

a. businesses

b. military

c. schools

d. politics

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theoretical Explanations

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. ______ is responsible for administration of immigration and naturalization adjudication functions.

a. U.S. Customs and Border Protection

b. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

c. U.S. Secret Service

d. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Citizenship and Immigration Services

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Homeland security is a concerted national effort to prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks, protect against man-made and natural hazards, and respond to and recover from which hazards?

a. all hazards

b. security uber alles

c. meta hazards

d. jurisdictional hazards

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Citizenship and Immigration Services

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. All of the following are considered fundamental rights granted to citizens in the United States EXCEPT ______.

a. right to obtain private records

b. right to confront witnesses

c. right of access to the courts

d. presumption of innocence

Learning Objective: 15.5: Discuss the pros and cons of policy solutions addressing gun violence in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. ______ are the universal values and legal guarantees that protect individuals against actions or omissions, primarily by government agents, that infringe on their fundamental freedoms, entitlements, and human dignity.

a. Fundamental rights

b. Human rights

c. Both a and b

Learning Objective: 15.5: Discuss the pros and cons of policy solutions addressing gun violence in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Human Rights

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. All of the following are one of the four significant areas of concern for Homeland Security according to the USA PATRIOT Act EXCEPT ______.

a. conducting foreign intelligence investigations

b. issuing city-level search warrants

c. controlling money laundering

d. collection of communications information and data

Learning Objective: 15.5: Discuss the pros and cons of policy solutions addressing gun violence in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. ______ is a process whereby funds, obtained through illegal activities, are “cleansed.”

a. Fundraising

b. Money laundering

c. Donating

d. Crowdsourcing

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Financial Support

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. ______ is motivated by engaging in terrorist acts that are legitimized by religious dogma.

a. Criminal terrorism

b. Religious terrorism

c. State-sponsored terrorism

d. Racial terrorism

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Typologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. ______ includes terrorist acts that transpire due to the guidance of the state or government against perceived enemies.

a. Criminal terrorism

b. Religious terrorism

c. State-sponsored terrorism

d. Racial terrorism

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Typologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. ______: The National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty and the National Coalition for the Homeless advocated for state legislation that includes homelessness in hate crimes statutes.

a. Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996

b. Model State Legislation/violence against people experiencing homelessness

c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

d. Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Model State Legislation: Hate Crimes/Violence Against People Experiencing Homelessness

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. The sheltering group within an umbrella organization does all of the following EXCEPT ______.

a. develop ideology for the organization

b. manage supplies

c. develop support structures

d. obtain intelligence

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizational Networks

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Serial killers, mass murderers, and spree killers are all categories of ______.

a. schizophrenia

b. hypomania

c. dysphonicide

d. multicide

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. ______ kill victims in different places without a cooling-off time, typically driving/moving as fast as they can to the next place of violence.

a. Serial killers

b. Spree killers

c. Mass murderers

d. Victimologists

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. What type of killer intends to kill victims he/she knows well, especially family members?

a. disciple mass killer

b. ideological mass killer

c. family annihilator mass killer

d. disgruntled employee killer

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Categories of Mass Killers

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Which characteristic below does NOT describe contemporary terrorism?

a. loose, cell-based networks with minimal lines of command and control

b. politically vague, religious, or mystical motivations

c. desired acquisition of high-intensity weapons and weapons of mass destruction

d. clearly identifiable organizations or movements

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Contemporary Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Which organizational structure below does NOT accurately describe the numerous ways terrorist groups have been organized?

a. colonies

b. cells

c. pyramids

d. umbrellas

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Organizational Networks

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. In 1989, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) was established to ______.

a. enhance global cybersecurity locally and abroad

b. combat terrorist financing and money laundering

c. fund new technologies related to digital recording

d. extend loans to charitable organizations that oppose terrorism

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizational Networks

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. What type of communication frame consists of a media report on terrorism that consists of the broadcaster’s opinion?

a. reporting frames

b. campaigning frames

c. community service frames

d. mythic tales frames

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Influence of the Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. What form of terrorism involves unlawful use, or threatened use, of force or violence by a group or individual based in the United States to intimidate or coerce others to further political or social objectives?

a. international

b. global

c. domestic

d. unilateral

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Domestic Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Martin maintained that most of the political violence in the United States can be categorized as either ______ or right.

a. left

b. justified

c. violent

d. constitutional

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Domestic Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. What is NOT one of the three general barriers to understanding terrorism identified by Brian Forst?

a. Domestic terrorism cases vary widely by type of extremism, justification, and other factors.

b. Domestic terrorists are seldom born here, so it is hard to profile them.

c. Domestic terrorist activities are extremely unpredictable.

d. It is difficult to analyze because there isn’t enough data to do so.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. What do we call a unified national effort to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States to lessen America’s vulnerability to terrorism and minimize the damage resulting from such attacks?

a. domestic stability

b. national enhancement

c. local diplomacy

d.homeland security

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

33. All of the following are duties of the TSA except ______.

a. take responsibility for security for all types of transportation

b. guard United States borders and monitor them for illegal immigration

c. recruit, assess, hire, train, and deploy security officers for 450 commercial airports

d. provide screening of all checked luggage for explosives

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Transportation Security Administration

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. ______ was created under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1988.

a. USCIS

b. ICE

c. FEMA

d. DHS

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Federal Emergency Management Agency

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. What is NOT one of the Coast Guard’s duties?

a. enforce the country’s maritime laws, interests, and environment

b. confiscate illegal contraband smuggled onto U.S. aircraft

c. protect ports, the flow of commerce, and the marine transportation system from terrorism

d. prevent and respond to oil and hazardous material spills

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Coast Guard

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. Which U.S. agency is responsible for safeguarding the country’s financial infrastructure and payment systems, as well as protecting national leaders and visiting heads of state and government?

a. Secret Service

b. USCIS

c. ICE

d. DHS

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Secret Service

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. What occurred when agencies involved in the reorganization of the Department of Homeland Security acquired new responsibilities and also were to continue with their agency’s missions prior to the merger?

a. mission distortion

b. cognitive dissonance

c. prisoner’s dilemma

d. game theory

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Bureaucratic Problems and Solutions

Difficulty Level: Medium

38. When the Patriot Act expired and was replaced by the Freedom Act, the Senate voted to terminate ______.

a. the Department of Homeland Security

b. the NSA’s collection of phone data

c. the ability of the TSA to search luggage without a warrant

d. all classifications of hate crimes

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The USA Patriot Act of 2001

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. President Obama made statements after shooting attacks that demonstrate ______.

a. that he advocates banning private gun ownership and restricting gun ownership to military and police.

b. that he wants to maintain private gun ownership and add certain gun control measures.

c. he thinks the Orlando, San Bernardino, and Las Vegas shootings as rare incidents that should not cause widespread fear.

d. his insistence that these types of attacks can occur anywhere in the world and often do.

Learning Objective: 15.5: Discuss the pros and cons of policy solutions addressing gun violence in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Policy Implications

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. Over the past 25 years, the support for gun control in the U.S. has ______.

a. increased

b. decreased

c. stayed the same

d. not been measured

Learning Objective: 15.5: Discuss the pros and cons of policy solutions addressing gun violence in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Policy Implications

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. While a hate crime is not exclusively a federal offense, the federal government can, and does, investigate and prosecute hate crimes as civil rights violations.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, Ku Klux Klan chapters grew from 72 in 2014 to 190 in 2015.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate Groups

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. A hate crime is a criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin or sexual orientation.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate Crimes

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990 amends a section of the Higher Education Act of 1965 that provides “for the disclosure of all criminal incidents that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity, or disability.”

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Campus Hate Crimes Right to Know Act of 1997

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. In 1998, James Byrd Jr., an African American man, was tied to a truck by white supremacists and then dragged and decapitated.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. A burglar is caught in the middle of burglarizing a residential home of a Muslim imam (priest). The burglar does not know the homeowner is Muslim. As the burglar runs from the scene of the crime, he yells a racial slur at the homeowner. The offender’s identity is unknown. This is a hate crime.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: What Is a Hate Crime?

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Part of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service is now part of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency.

Learning Objective: 15.5: Discuss the pros and cons of policy solutions addressing gun violence in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: U.S. Customs and Border Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Simulation theory assesses various scenarios by applying simulation gaming models, usually to understand why parties in competitive situations behave as they do and to advise players of the best way to play the game.

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theoretical Explanations

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. The punishment for arson of a church can vary from one (1) year imprisonment and a fine to death.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The first known terrorist group was the Sicarii, an extremist group of the religious sect of Zealots.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Historical Context

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The number of private citizens being killed due to terrorist attacks has increased by 172% from 2013 to 2014.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Extent

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. There are documented connections between terrorist groups and drug trafficking, particularly in reference to smuggling pseudoephedrine.

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Financial Support

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Much of what the general public knows about terrorism is from the media.

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Influence of the Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Censorship refers to whether media coverage of a terrorist incident inspires more terrorism.

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Influence of the Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. There are several categories of multicide, and killers can fit more than one category.

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. The majority of school shootings are committed by individuals, not two people, and the individual is usually part of the social mainstream at the school.

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: School Attacks

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Very few multicide offenders are African Americans.

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Disparity in Rates of Committing Multicide Across Race and Religious Ideology

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Most acts of domestic terrorism are committed by Muslims.

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Disparity in Rates of Committing Multicide Across Race and Religious Ideology

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. In 2018, the total number of hate groups increased to 1020.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate Groups

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. There is one universal, agreed-upon definition of terrorism.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hate Groups

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Criminal dissident terrorism involves engaging in criminal activity for profits, such as in the drug cartels in Mexico.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Typologies

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. If a group of people within one of the 50 United States decided it wanted to secede from the rest of the country and establish independence through acts of terrorism, it would be an example of dissident terrorism.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Typologies

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Data from the Global Terrorism Index show that the countries most impacted by terrorism since 2016 were the United States, Canada, and France.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Extent

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. The most common type of terrorist attack is a bombing/explosion.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Extent

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Empirical studies show that the most likely theories to best explain terrorism rare strain theory, both traditional and more recent versions, and to a lesser degree social learning theory.

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Applying Theory to Crime: Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. According to Byers and Crider, why were the Amish perceived as suitable targets (three reasons)?

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theoretical Explanations of Hate Crimes

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Define target congruence.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theoretical Explanations of Hate Crimes

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Give two (2) examples of domestic terror threats as defined by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Domestic Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Define game theory.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theoretical Explanations

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. What are the three (3) general barriers to understanding terrorism as defined by Brian Forst?

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theoretical Explanations

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. What is the three-step process associated with money laundering?

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Financial Support

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. In an attempt to distinguish terrorism from other types of criminal activity and irregular warfare, Bruce Hoffman identified terrorism as having what five (5) characteristics? How does this compare with other definitions of terrorism, including yours?

Learning Objective: 15.3: Distinguish terrorist activities from more conventional forms of criminal activities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. The Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996 prohibits what two (2) things?

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Describe the Matthew Shepard or James Byrd case and the legislation that was enacted because of these crimes.

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Describe multicide and provide an example.

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Multicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Why are hate crimes considered to be subjective in nature?

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Hate Crimes

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Why were the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 and the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990 passed into law?

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Anti-Hate-Crime Legislation

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Describe three of the types of mass killers.

Family annihilator killer—intends to kill victims they know well, especially family members.

Disgruntled employee killer—as the label says, it is when angry (ex-)employees kill those who they blame for either losing their job or having problems at work.

Ideological mass killer—wants to kill people who are against the person’s values, morals, or religious persuasion.

Disgruntled citizen killer—angry with certain aspects of society (e.g., financial issues) and wants to take it out on people they deem are responsible.

Psychotic mass killer—psychotic (often with schizophrenia) and perceive others as being out to get them.

School killers—the study of school attacks over 25 years (1975–2000) revealed that the vast majority were committed by only one student (not two or more) and that the most common weapon was a handgun (not an assault weapon).

Learning Objective: 15.2: Describe the various forms and rates of multicide in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Categories of Mass Killers

Difficulty Level: Hard

14. What two (2) factors must terrorist organizations have to interact with change?

Learning Objective: 15.4: Describe homeland security, such as its origins and organizational structure.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. What must institutions of higher education disclose according to the Campus Hate Crimes Right to Know Act of 1997, and why was it created (present the findings from the Congressional hearing)? Why would places of higher education not want to disclose all criminal incidents that occur on their campus?

Learning Objective: 15.1: Discuss some of the key issues pertaining to hate crime, such as the definition, various hate groups, and the type of legislation passed to address such offenses.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Campus Hate Crimes Right to Know Act of 1997

Difficulty Level: Hard