Ch12 | Stress Management – Complete Test Bank 6e

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Student name:__________

1) _____, or good stress, is the kind of pleasant, desirable stress you might feel when playing tennis or attending a party.

2) _____, or bad stress, is the kind of stress you might feel during an illness or when going through a divorce.

3) In the context of the various causes of stress, poverty, ongoing abuse, and long-term health problems are examples of _____.

4) _____ are stressors that include anything from outside sources that causes you pain, discomfort, frustration, or conflict.

5) According to psychologists, _____ can include your own perceptions or interpretations of a stressor, as well as personality factors.

6) _____ is best described as your "thinking evaluation" of an event or a situation.

7) A(n) _____ is a way of thinking that causes internal stress by substituting a realistic belief with one that is destructive, illogical, and largely false.

8) People who _____ convert an irrational belief into an imagined disaster.

9) According to Albert Ellis, the biggest culprit in your emotional stress and anxiety is the _____ part of the ABC approach.

10) In the context of the type A and type B personality theory, the _____ personality is characterized by impatience, hostile perfectionism, and a sense of time urgency.

11) In the context of the type A and type B personality theory, the _____ personality is characterized by flexibility, the ability to relax and delegate work, and a minimal sense of time urgency.

12) According to the type A and type B personality theory, people with a _____ seem more likely to have cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks and strokes.

13) The _____ is characterized by the ability to meet challenges, a sense of commitment, and a feeling of being in control of life.

14) Psychologist Hans Selye's theory about what stress does to people physically is known as the _____.

15) In the _____ of the general adaptation syndrome, the fight-or-flight response is activated.

16) The _____ is the first stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

17) The second stage of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), where one adapts to the stressor and can usually return to normal, is known as the _____.

18) When you are not able to adapt to a stressor and end up using up all your physical resources, you enter the third stage of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), known as the _____.

19) In the third stage of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), the _____, you are unable to cope with the prolonged stressor, and you can become vulnerable to other stressors.

20) _____ is the physical and emotional exhaustion resulting from long-term stress or frustration in one's workplace.

21) According to psychologists, _____ can be defined as the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made on it.

A) depression
B) anxiety
C) conflict
D) stress

22) Which of the following psychologists theorized that human bodies are nearly always in some kind of stress?

A) Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
B) Hans Selye
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Eric Berne

23) The positive stress that is felt when playing baseball is referred to as _____.

A) a chronic stressor
B) distress
C) conflict
D) eustress

24) Which of the following statements is true of eustress?

A) It is a kind of pleasant and desirable stress.
B) It is the kind of stress you might feel during an illness.
C) It leads to pain, discomfort, and frustration.
D) It occurs when you are drawn toward and away from a desirable end at the same time.

25) Which of the following kinds of stress will you most likely experience when you win a race?

A) Distress
B) Hypostress
C) Hyperstress
D) Eustress

26) Which kind of stress will you most likely experience when you are down with a cold?

A) Distress
B) Hypostress
C) Hyperstress
D) Eustress

27) Which of the following is an example of a chronic stressor?

A) The excitement about a vacation
B) The disappointment over the loss of a game of tennis
C) The anger felt at being discriminated against because of your gender
D) The grief at the death of a family member

28) Keilla works part time at a publishing firm. She loves her work and her colleagues. As an appreciation of her job performance, she is offered a promotion. Around the same time, Keilla's best friend asks her to join her as a partner in her bakery. Baking and making desserts is Keilla's passion. Keilla is unable to decide. Which type of inner conflict is Keilla facing?

A) An avoid-approach conflict
B) An avoid-avoid conflict
C) An approach-approach conflict
D) A content conflict

29) Jacob was excited to get a promotion as a marketing manager, but the promotion also meant that he would have to relocate to another state. Jacob is reluctant to move. Which type of inner conflict will this situation create for Jacob?

A) An approach-avoid conflict
B) An approach-approach conflict
C) An avoid-avoid conflict
D) A values conflict

30) Which type of inner conflict occurs when you are torn between two undesirable options?

A) A values conflict
B) An approach-approach conflict
C) An avoid-approach conflict
D) An avoid-avoid conflict

31) Which of the following is a source of an external stressor?

A) Chronic worries
B) Relationship issues
C) Shy or unassertive personality
D) Aggressive or bossy personality

32) Which of the following is an example of an internal stressor?

A) Frustration
B) Inner conflict
C) Irrational beliefs
D) Relationship issues

33) Which of the following best describes cognitive appraisal?

A) It is a way of thinking that causes internal stress by substituting a realistic belief with one that is destructive.
B) It is your "thinking evaluation" of an event or a situation.
C) It is the process of expanding an irrational belief into an imagined disaster.
D) It is a thinking that occurs when goals that you are trying to attain are blocked.

34) Jenna constantly tries to please everyone around her. She believes that she must have the love and approval of all the people who are important to her. Consequently, she works late to finish tasks for her colleagues, constantly runs errands for her friends, and gets overloaded with work because she can never refuse sudden requests from her boss. The most likely reason for Jenna's unnecessary stress is:

A) her irrational belief system.
B) her faulty cognitive appraisal.
C) an avoid-avoid inner conflict.
D) an approach-avoid inner conflict.

35) Darin was promoted, but it meant leaving the bustling city life he loved and moving to a different state in a quiet part of the country. It would also mean that his wife will have to leave her present job and search for a new job. Darin's reluctance best exemplifies the:

A) avoid-avoid inner conflict.
B) approach-approach inner conflict.
C) approach-avoid inner conflict.
D) irrational belief system.

36) According to Albert Ellis's ABC approach, which of the following is the biggest culprit for an individual's emotional stress and anxiety?

A) The activating event
B) The belief about the activating event
C) The consequences of the activating event
D) The chronic stressors of the activating event

37) Who among the following is most likely to have a type A personality?

A) John, who is flexible in delegating work to others and has a minimal sense of time urgency
B) Derek, who has the ability to live in the present and quickly adapts to any situation
C) Sarah, who is docile and submissive in nature
D) Jessica, who is a perfectionist with a sense of time urgency and is often hostile

38) Which of the following is a characteristic of people with a type B personality?

A) They have a sense of time urgency.
B) They are characterized by perfectionism.
C) They are more relaxed than a type A personality.
D) They are typically hostile and impatient.

39) According to the type A and type B personality theory, type B personality differs from type A personality in that people with a type B personality:

A) are typically hostile perfectionists.
B) are less relaxed and flexible.
C) have a greater sense of time urgency.
D) are better at delegating responsibility.

40) The "three Cs," challenge, commitment, and control, are the characteristics of a:

A) hardy personality type.
B) type A personality.
C) type B personality.
D) distressed personality type.

41) Identify a characteristic of people with the hardy personality type.

A) They see themselves as passive beings.
B) They have an external locus of control.
C) They feel a sense of purpose or mission in life.
D) They are impatient, hostile perfectionists.

42) Which of the following best describes a resilient personality type, characterized by the ability to meet challenges, a sense of commitment, and a feeling of being in control of life?

A) Type A personality
B) A distressed personality
C) A hardy personality
D) Type B personality

43) Which of the following is a theory developed by Hans Selye that tested the physical effect of stress on people?

A) The type A/type B personality theory
B) The cognitive appraisal concept
C) The operant conditioning concept
D) The general adaptation syndrome

44) According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) theory, when the fight-or-flight response is activated, the human body has entered the:

A) stage of adaptation.
B) alarm stage.
C) stage of exhaustion.
D) regression stage.

45) According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) theory, the human body reacts to a stressor in the alarm stage by:

A) activating the sympathetic nervous system.
B) activating the parasympathetic nervous system.
C) simultaneously relaxing all the muscles in the body.
D) immediately exhausting all available physical reserves.

46) Which of the following is the second stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

A) The alarm stage
B) The stage of exhaustion
C) The stage of adaptation
D) The stage of succumbing to a disease of adaptation

47) According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome theory, in which of the following ways does the body react in the stage of adaptation?

A) There is a sudden rush of adrenaline in the blood stream.
B) The sympathetic nervous system shuts down, and the parasympathetic nervous system is activated.
C) The heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration shoot up at this stage.
D) The body restores lost energy and repairs any damage done.

48) According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome theory, which of the following statements is true of the stage of exhaustion?

A) In this stage, the sympathetic nervous system shuts down, and the parasympathetic nervous system is activated.
B) In this stage, a person is unable to cope with a prolonged stressor and can become vulnerable to other stressors.
C) It is also known as the stage of adaptation or recovery.
D) It is a stage where people are able to cope with stressors and soon return to normal.

49) Before going on vacation, Philip worked almost 16 hours a day for a week to complete his work. Due to his stressful work schedule, he fell ill on the third day and spent the rest of his vacation recovering from the illness. In the context of the general adaptation syndrome, Philip is in the:

A) first stage.
B) stage of adaptation.
C) stage of exhaustion.
D) alarm stage.

50) Which of the following statements is true of stress?

A) Even serious chronic illnesses such as cancer are linked to stress.
B) The human body reacts to the first signs of stress by shutting down the sympathetic nervous system.
C) It is not possible to recognize the fight-or-flight feelings of immediate stressors.
D) In the second stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the human body shuts down the parasympathetic nervous system to cope with stress.

51) According to the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), when the human body is first confronted with a stressor, it:

A) activates the fight-or-flight response.
B) shuts down the sympathetic nervous system.
C) succumbs to a disease of adaptation.
D) decreases heart rate and relaxes tensed muscles.

52) What can managers do to reduce corporate stress?

A) Challenge employees by giving excessive work
B) Be laid-back while making decisions for the team
C) Promote groupthink among employees
D) Encourage independent and creative thinking

53) Define stress.

54) Define a stressor.

55) In the context of Hans Selye's theory, describe the two types of stress.

56) What are chronic stressors?

57) What are external stressors?

58) Why is inner conflict considered an external stressor?

59) Describe the three types of inner conflict.

60) Explain the process of cognitive appraisal.

61) Explain Albert Ellis's ABC approach.

62) How do irrational beliefs cause anxiety and misery in people?

63) According to the type A and type B personality theory, why are type A people more likely to have health issues?

64) In the context of the folk wisdom around the type A and type B personality theory, explain why top executives are likely to be type B people.

65) Why do people with a hardy personality handle stressful situations with ease?

66) What are the reactions that take place in the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

67) How does the body react to a stressor in the second stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

68) According to the theory of general adaptation syndrome, what happens when you cannot adapt to a stressor?

69) Explain the term "disease of adaptation."

70) What are the three basic functions of the immune system?

71) How does chronic stress affect the immune system?

72) How does corporate stress affect organizations?

73) According to Christina Maslach and Michael P. Leiter, what are the six areas related to employee happiness and reduced job burnout?

74) Discuss the physical and psychological problems associated with stress in the workplace.

75) Stress is any reaction or response your body makes to a new situation.

⊚ true
⊚ false

76) Eustress is the kind of stress you are likely to feel when going through a divorce.

⊚ true
⊚ false

77) A stressor is a situation or an event that causes the body to react.

⊚ true
⊚ false

78) Stress can be caused by major life changes as well as by everyday hassles.

⊚ true
⊚ false

79) Chronic stressors are more stressful than a major life change but not as stressful as daily hassles.

⊚ true
⊚ false

80) Inner conflict is considered as an external stressor.

⊚ true
⊚ false

81) An approach-approach inner conflict occurs when you are drawn toward and away from something at the same time.

⊚ true
⊚ false

82) An avoid-avoid inner conflict occurs when you are torn between two undesirable options.

⊚ true
⊚ false

83) Major life changes are internal sources of stress.

⊚ true
⊚ false

84) People's cognitive appraisal remains constant for almost all situations.

⊚ true
⊚ false

85) The more stressors you encounter, the more comfortable you feel at adapting to new stressors.

⊚ true
⊚ false

86) According to psychologist Albert Ellis, irrational beliefs are a source of internal stress.

⊚ true
⊚ false

87) According to psychologist Albert Ellis, the biggest culprit in one's emotional stress and anxiety is the C (or consequences) part of the ABC.

⊚ true
⊚ false

88) Irrational beliefs can lead to instances of catastrophizing an event.

⊚ true
⊚ false

89) Type A personalities are seen as impatient, hostile perfectionists with a sense of time urgency.

⊚ true
⊚ false

90) According to folk wisdom, top-level executives are most likely to have type A personalities.

⊚ true
⊚ false

91) People with a hardy personality seem to have three things in common: challenge, commitment, and control.

⊚ true
⊚ false

92) People with a hardy personality typically have an external locus of control.

⊚ true
⊚ false

93) According to the general adaptation syndrome, when you are first confronted with a stressor, your body responds with an activation of the parasympathetic nervous system.

⊚ true
⊚ false

94) According to Selye's theory, you enter the third stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the stage of exhaustion, when the fight-or-flight response is activated.

⊚ true
⊚ false

95) In the alarm stage of Selye's general adaptation syndrome, there is an increase in the heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration and a sudden release of adrenaline.

⊚ true
⊚ false

96) According to Selye's theory, you enter the second stage of general adaptation syndrome when you cannot adapt to the stressor successfully and end up using all your physical resources.

⊚ true
⊚ false

97) According to Selye's theory, eustress does not produce physical and chemical changes in the fight-or-flight response.

⊚ true
⊚ false

98) Chronic stress can actually weaken your immune system, and you may fall victim to an illness that you would normally fight off with ease.

⊚ true
⊚ false

99) Researchers have found that people under stress may act restless, impatient, competitive, and pressured.

⊚ true
⊚ false

100) Medical research suggests that the effects of stress can strike back much later in life.

⊚ true
⊚ false

101) Managers can reduce job burnout by being soft and laid-back while making decisions.

⊚ true
⊚ false

102) Managers can reduce stress in the working environment by providing authority and rewards commensurate with responsibilities and performance.

⊚ true
⊚ false

103) Stress does not affect self-esteem.

⊚ true
⊚ false

104) Stressed employees are more likely than nonstressed employees to abuse alcohol or other drugs.

⊚ true
⊚ false

105) Stress impacts all areas of people's lives: physical health, mental health, social life, and job performance.

⊚ true
⊚ false