Chapter 10: Creating an Ethical, Inclusive Organizational Climate

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Rates of immoral behavior are highest in ______ ethical climate.

A. independence

B. caring

C. instrumental

D. law and order

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

2. An effective code of ethics must ______.

A. protect the larger community

B. be written for ordinary circumstances

C. prioritize obligations

D. all of these

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

3. ______ ethical climates are driven by external criteria like professional codes of conduct.

A. Instrumental

B. Caring

C. Law and order

D. Rules

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

4. Organizational members experience ______ when rules lose their force.

A. reinforcement

B. anomie

C. integrity

D. compliance

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Structural Reinforcement

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

5. The ______ leader talks a lot about ethical values but doesn’t live up to the rhetoric.

A. unethical

B. hypocritical

C. ethically neutral

D. destructive

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

6. ______ climates follow the principle of ethical egotism.

A. Law and order

B. Independence

C. Caring

D. Instrumental

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

7. ______ is putting members of selected groups, such as women, minorities, disabled employees, older workers, and homeless people, at a disadvantage.

A. Discrimination

B. Stereotyping

C. Prejudice

D. Aggression

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Preventing and Eliminating Destructive Behaviors

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

8. In ______, two or more individuals cooperate in unethical behavior.

A. corrupt ideology

B. collective corruption

C. collective think

D. collective aggression

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Preventing and Eliminating Destructive Behaviors

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

9. Which of the following is not a form of justice in the workplace?

A. procedural

B. organizational

C. distributive

D. interactional

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Justice

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

10. ______ trust describes the collective set of positive expectations members hold about the intentions and behaviors of other stakeholders.

A. Blind

B. Organizational

C. Systems

D. Intuitive

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trust

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

11. Which of the following is not a component of organizational citizenship?

A. corporate (CEO) activism

B. corporate social responsibility

C. reliability

D. sustainability

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizational Citizenship

Difficulty Level: Hard

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

12. The tools that leaders rely on to build or create ethical organizational climates include all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A. core ideology

B. socialization

C. ethics training

D. emotional intelligence

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Climate-Building Tools

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

13. ______ socialization begins before an individual joins a new organization or organizational unit and is shaped by past work experiences, friends, families, and other factors.

A. Encounter

B. Anticipatory

C. Appreciative

D. Inquiry

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Ethical Socialization Processes

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

14. Core ______ is the group’s reason for being that reflects the ideals of its members.

A. integrity

B. trust

C. purpose

D. rules

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Discovering and Communicating Core Ideology

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

15. ______ consists of rude or discourteous actions that disregard others.

A. Aggression

B. Incivility

C. Evil

D. Deviance

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Preventing and Eliminating Destructive Behaviors

Difficulty Level: Hard

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

16. ______ describes ethical soundness, wholeness, and consistency.

A. Anomie

B. Integrity

C. Stasis

D. Intuition

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What’s Ahead

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

17. ______ discovers core values by identifying and building on organizational strengths.

A. Reliability

B. Civility

C. Integrity

D. Appreciative inquiry

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Discovering and Communicating Core Ideology

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

18. ______ climates are governed by the policies, rules, and procedures developed in the organization.

A. Roles

B. Rules

C. Purpose

D. Organization

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

19. ______ refers to consciously trying to hurt others or the organization itself.

A. Aggression

B. Incivility

C. Evil

D. Deviance

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Preventing and Eliminating Destructive Behaviors

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

20. ______ is a form of aggression directed largely at women and targets are coerced into providing sexual favors in return for keeping their jobs or getting promoted.

A. Sexual harassment

B. Incivility

C. Evil

D. Deviance

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Preventing and Eliminating Destructive Behaviors

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

21. ______ describes perceptions of consistent and dependable behavior.

A. Reliability

B. Civility

C. Integrity

D. Appreciative inquiry

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trust

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

22. ______ is the feeling of affiliation and association with the organization.

A. Reliability

B. Civility

C. Identification

D. Appreciative inquiry

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trust

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

23. ______ describes the activities of companies and other organizations aimed at improving the welfare of society.

A. Socialization

B. Metamorphosis

C. Corporate social responsibility

D. Social cocoon

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Organizational Citizenship

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

24. ______ describes how individuals make the transition from outsiders to organizational members.

A. Socialization

B. Metamorphosis

C. Corporate social responsibility

D. Social cocoon

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizational Citizenship

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

25. ______ socialization marks the end of the transition to organizational life.

A. Socialization

B. Metamorphosis

C. Corporate social responsibility

D. Social cocoon

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Socialization Processes

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

26. A ______ is a strong culture that holds values and norms very different from those held by the rest of the organization or society as a whole.

A. socialization

B. metamorphosis

C. corporate social responsibility

D. social cocoon

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethical Socialization Processes

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

27. Rates of immoral behavior are highest in organizations with ______ ethical climates.

A. encounter

B. instrumental

C. appreciative

D. inquiry

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

28. Environmental care is also known as ______.

A. social cocoon

B. social responsibility

C. appreciative inquiry

D. sustainability

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizational Citizenship

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

29. ______ climates emphasize concern or care for others.

A. Caring

B. Law and order

C. Rules

D. Independence

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

30. ______ climates give members wide latitude to make their own decisions.

A. Caring

B. Law and order

C. Rules

D. Independence

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

31. ______ refers to the central identity or character of an organization.

A. Core ideology

B. Core outcomes

C. Core reasoning

D. Core ethics

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Discovering and Communicating Core Ideology

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

32. Which of the following is not a form of justice in the workplace?

A. procedural

B. interactional

C. distributive

D. relational

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Justice

Difficulty Level: Hard

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

33. All of these are components of organizational citizenship EXCEPT ______.

A. corporate (CEO) activism

B. emotional intelligence

C. corporate social responsibility

D. sustainability

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizational Citizenship

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

34. ______ are among the most common ethics tools.

A. Regulatory codes

B. Codes of ethics

C. Societal norms

D. Rules

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

35. Effective ethics training can typically do all of these EXCEPT ______.

A. focus on the organization’s unique ethical problems

B. tap into the experiences of participants

C. actively engage participants

D. develop negotiation skills

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethics Training

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

36. ______ is a term used to describe helping all members, no matter their differences, to feel valued and engaged.

A. Diversity

B. Inclusion

C. Involvement

D. Accountability

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Inclusion

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

37. ______ describes the everyday slights or snubs that put down members of marginalized groups.

A. Microaggressions

B. Camaraderie

C. Inclusion

D. Cohesiveness

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Box 10.1: Microaggressions

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

38. Sally chose to make the right decision when no one was watching because she knew it was part of the office culture What value is Sally demonstrating?

A. trust

B. inclusion

C. integrity

D. justice

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Integrity

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

39. Paul was from France. He knew his accent was heavy. Whenever he went through the grocery line, a particular store clerk always talked extra slow and deliberate to Paul. The interaction was always awkward and rude toward Paul. What is this a demonstration of?

A. misguidance

B. misinterpretation

C. misunderstanding

D. microaggression

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Box 10.1: Microaggressions

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

True/False

1. Ethical climate is a component of an organization’s culture.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

2. When it comes to ethics, followers look to their leaders and act accordingly.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

3. Interactional justice means distributing organizational resources as fairly as possible.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Justice

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

4. Appreciative inquiry discovers and builds on the organization’s strengths.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Discovering and Communicating Core Ideology

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

5. Rules of ethical climates encourage loyalty to the organization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

6. The hypocritical leader is not clearly seen as either ethical or unethical.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

7. Law and order climates are driven by external criteria such as professional codes of conduct.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

8. In co-optation, leaders offer rewards that reduce newcomers’ discomfort with unethical behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Ethical Socialization Processes

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

Short Answer/Essay

1. Name five criticisms of organizational codes of ethics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Reflective thinking

2. What ethical issues or topics are usually included in codes of ethics?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

3. Name five steps leaders can take to prevent and control destructive behaviors.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

4. Name and describe the five types of ethical climates.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

5. List at least five positive outcomes of trust in an organization.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Trust

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

6. Define “collective corruption.”

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Preventing and Eliminating Destructive Behaviors

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

7. Which elements must be part of any effort to improve organizational integrity?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Integrity

Difficulty Level: Easy

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

8. Define the term “core ideology.”

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Discovering and Communicating Core Ideology

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

9. Name the four benefits of ethics codes.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

10. What is evaluated in “triple bottom line” accounting?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Organizational Citizenship

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Application of knowledge

11. What does it mean for leaders to act as the ethics officers for their organizations?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Reflective thinking

12. Describe how the structure of your organization reinforces or fails to reinforce ethical behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Signs of Healthy Ethical Climates

Difficulty Level: Hard

AACSB Standard: Reflective thinking

13. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of codes of ethics. What do you conclude from your analysis about the usefulness of such documents?

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Codes of Ethics

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

14. You want to launch a project designed to encourage ongoing ethical learning but first you must convince the company president and board to sign on. Develop a rationale for your proposal.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Climate-Building Tools

Difficulty Level: Hard

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

15. Explain why shaping ethical climate is one of an organizational leader’s most important tasks. Provide examples from your own experience and observations.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Climate-Building Tools

Difficulty Level: Hard

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

16. Identify important stakeholders for your organization. What is the organization’s ethical responsibility to each of these groups?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trust

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

17. Develop a strategy for preventing destructive behaviors in your organization.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Preventing and Eliminating Destructive Behaviors

Difficulty Level: Hard

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning

18. Discuss the four elements of an organization’s structure that have a particularly strong impact on moral behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Structural Reinforcement

Difficulty Level: Medium

AACSB Standard: Ethical understanding and reasoning