Ch10 Epidemiology Of Hypertension Full Test Bank - Test Bank | Epidemiology of Chronic Disease 2e by Harris by Randall E. Harris. DOCX document preview.

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Ch10 Epidemiology Of Hypertension Full Test Bank

Chapter 10. Epidemiology of Hypertension

TEST BANK

True/False Questions

  1. Prior to November 13, 2017, hypertension was clinically defined by systolic blood pressure exceeding 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure exceeding 90 mm Hg.
  2. According to the new guidelines established in November 2017, stage I hypertension is systolic blood pressure between 130-139 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure between 80-89 mm Hg, and stage II hypertension is systolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 90 mm Hg.
  3. Approximately one quarter of adults in the world population are hypertensive.
  4. The prevalence of hypertension is higher in men throughout the life span.
  5. The prevalence of hypertension is higher in Europe than the United States.
  6. Hypertension is relatively common in the Stroke Belt of the USA.
  7. Caucasian Americans have the highest prevalence of hypertension of any ethnic group.
  8. Hypertension prevalence has increased more in US women than men in the last two decades.
  9. Increasing US trends in the prevalence of hypertension are related to increasing longevity and obesity.
  10. Hypertension rarely goes undetected.
  11. Essential hypertension is a multifactorial disease.
  12. During 2015, 962,400 deaths were attributed to hypertensive heart disease, a marked increase from the 630,000 deaths reported by the World Health Organization in 1990.

Multiple Choice Questions

  1. Secondary hypertension accounts for what percentage of cases?
    1. 10%
    2. 15%
    3. 20%
    4. 25%
  2. Essential hypertension accounts for what percentage of cases?
    1. 60%
    2. 70%
    3. 80%
    4. 90%
  3. The lower prevalence of hypertension in premenopausal women compared to men of the same age is most likely due to:

a. estrogen.

b. testosterone.

c. cortisol.

d. cholesterol.

  1. The higher prevalence of hypertension in postmenopausal women compared to men of the same age is most likely a consequence of:
    1. greater longevity.
    2. reduced circulating estrogen.
    3. increasing obesity.
    4. Only a and c are correct.
    5. All answers are correct.
  2. The percentage of hypertensive cases who are unaware of their elevated blood pressure is approximately:
    1. 10%.
    2. 20%.
    3. 30%.
    4. 40%.
  3. An elevation in which of the following hormones is not associated with the development of secondary hypertension?
    1. Thyroid hormone
    2. Aldosterone
    3. Cortisol
    4. Estrogen
  4. Which of the following is not a proven risk factor for hypertension?
    1. Chronic smoking
    2. Alcohol abuse
    3. High salt consumption
    4. Obesity
    5. High HDL cholesterol
  5. Which ethnic group has the highest prevalence of hypertension?
    1. African Americans
    2. Hispanic Americans
    3. Non-Hispanic Caucasian Americans
    4. The incidence rates for all ethnicities are similar.
  6. Pre-eclampsia refers to the development of hypertension during:
    1. menopause.
    2. pregnancy.
    3. the menstrual cycle.
    4. None of the above is correct.
  7. Vasoconstrictive agents include all of the following except:
    1. endothelin.
    2. angiotensin.
    3. nitric oxide.
    4. insulin.
  8. What is the prevalence of hypertensive heart disease in the world population?
    1. 1 million
    2. 3 million
    3. 6 million
    4. 10 million
  9. Hypertension is a major independent risk factor for all of the following conditions except:
    1. ischemic heart disease.
    2. congestive heart failure.
    3. stroke.
    4. obesity.

Essay Questions

  1. Describe the global burden of hypertension.

  1. Briefly discuss the physiology of hypertension.

  1. What are the two major types of hypertension?

  1. Describe conditions that predispose to secondary hypertension.

  1. What are the major risk factors for essential hypertension?

  1. Discuss the basis of gender differences in hypertension throughout the life span.

  1. Discuss time trends in the prevalence of hypertension in the USA.

  1. Describe hypertension in the “stroke belt” of the United States.

  1. Discuss genetic factors responsible for the increased incidence of hypertension among African Americans.

  1. What strategies would you propose for the primary prevention of hypertension?

  1. Discuss the new guidelines for defining hypertension in the United States.

  1. Discuss the global burden of hypertensive heart disease and hypertension as a risk factor for other conditions.

Document Information

Document Type:
DOCX
Chapter Number:
10
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 10 Epidemiology Of Hypertension
Author:
Randall E. Harris

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