Ch.10 | Complete Test Bank – Substance-Related And Other

Chapter 10: Substance-Related and Other Addictive Disorders

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which statement is an accurate summary with regard to drug use?

2. Psychoactive substances are substances that ____.

3. Physiological dependence Is best described as

4. Which drug is thought to have the lowest addiction potential?

5. Bess has been using Valium for two years even though it impairs her work performance and jeopardizes her safety. She often drives while intoxicated by the medication. She shows neither tolerance nor withdrawal. According to the DSM-5, Bess's drug use illustrates ____.

6. DSM differentiates substance use disorders based on the substance used and _____.

7. After heavy or sustained use of a substance, reduction in, or abstinence from the substance results in w ____.

8. Avery has been snorting cocaine for over a year. In his attempts to achieve a high that is as euphoric as his first (which he will never be able to do), he now needs increasingly greater amounts of the drug. This demonstrates ____.

9. Dwayne has been using heroin for two years. While visiting his mother, he decides to stop. When he stops using the drug, Dwayne experiences shaking, irritability, and an inability to concentrate because he is going through ____.

10. Stewart is a musician and often takes meth before his performances to help give him an "edge." Recently he has found that when he hasn't had a performance for several days and thus has not taken meth, he begins to feel fatigued and dragged out. He becomes high, agitated, and can't concentrate on his music. Stewart is demonstrating ____.

11. In 2012, an estimated ____ adolescents and adults met the criteria for a substance-use disorder at some time during the year.

12. The rate of illicit drug use is most prevalent among Americans who are ____.

13. Studies of biological factors affecting development of substance-use disorders implicate the neurotransmitter ____.

14. Excessive drinking is especially problematic among those in college. According to research conducted by Sloane et al. (2010), ____.

15. Which term refers to episodic drinking involving five or more drinks on a single occasion for men and four or more drinks for women?

16. Which category of substance causes a slowing down of responses, feelings of relaxation, and lower interpersonal inhibitions?

17. Sally is dependent on a drug that energizes her central nervous system and produces euphoria. It is likely that the drug is a ____.

18. Because the drug Kelly takes makes him feel calm, relaxed, and more sociable, we can guess that the drug is ____.

19. Our bodies produce “clean-up” enzymes, including ____, to counteract toxins that build-up as alcohol is metabolized.

20. Which statement about alcohol consumption in the United States is accurate?

21. Which statement about alcohol consumption and ethnicity in the United States is accurate?

22. Due to the genetic make-up and physiology of Asians, the production of “clean-up” enzymes such as aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is ____, which may influence the low prevalence rates of alcoholism among Asians.

23. A man with a blood alcohol concentration level of 0.30 percent is seen at a hospital. We can guess that this man is ____.

24. Frequently, when alcohol is initially ingested, individuals report feeling "wild and excited." These feelings result because ____.

25. Dr. Applebaum says, "Contrary to popular belief, this substance actually functions to inhibit the central nervous system. At low doses, it appears to cause disinhibition because the inhibitory centers of the brain are those first depressed. At high doses, this drug can cause unconsciousness and even death." What drug is Dr. Applebaum referring to?

26. Juan is feeling the negative physiological consequences of heavy, prolonged alcohol use. These effects probably include ____.

27. Among young adults aged (21-25) each year, about ____.

28. Faye is in a treatment program in which she gets either a voucher or cash incentive for verified abstinence, adhering to treatment goals, or taking prescribed medication. This type of treatment is called ____.

29. Male chronic heavy users of alcohol drink ____.

30. The most widely used psychoactive drug in the world is ____.

31. Codeine, heroin, and morphine all ____ and are derived from the ____.

32. A health class videotape says, "This drug comes from opium and is really scary because after feeling relaxed and happy, you develop a tolerance quickly and need more. Because most people put it in their bodies with needles, there is an increased risk of getting AIDS. The withdrawal effects are awful." What drug is being described?

33. Which statement about prescription opioids is accurate?

34. Which statement about barbiturates is accurate?

35. Danielle's family is justifiably worried that her excessive use of a "downer" will lead to an accidental overdose and death. It further worries them that she often takes the drug with alcohol. Which drug are they probably concerned about?

36. Natalie uses cocaine, marijuana, and alcohol on a daily basis and shows tolerance. She's been doing this for almost two years now. Individuals who use multiple substances ____.

37. Mrs. Healy originally took this widely prescribed sedative medication to reduce anxiety and muscle tension. Now, however, she cannot deal with stress without using it, and she has developed a tolerance to it. What drug is she probably taking?

38. Which drug name is correctly paired with its general category of drugs?

39. Which drug belongs in the sedative category?

40. Dr. Wold cautions his class about amphetamine use. He says, "They speed up central nervous system activity, which can account for users' increased alertness, energy, and feelings of euphoria. They also increase appetite and sleep. However, they are not physically addictive and do not produce tolerance." Which part of Dr. Wold's statement is accurate?

41. A certain substance inhibits sleep, increases alertness, and speeds up central nervous system. It easily becomes habit forming, with rapid development of tolerance. Chronic users experience paranoid delusions and brain damage. What drug is this?

42. Betty has tried to stop using a particular drug permanently, but her attempts have been unsuccessful. When she stops using, she experiences irritability and difficulty concentrating. Even though she has emphysema, a serious physical disorder, she continues to use it. Surprisingly, it is a legal drug. To which drug is Betty probably addicted?

43. The single most preventable cause of death in the United States is ____.

44. When Russell is stressed, he takes cocaine because it slows his heart rate and makes him sleepy and hungry. He snorts the drug and is able to stop using it after a couple of uses. When the cocaine effects wear off, he feels depressed. What portion of Russell's substance use is likely?

45. Which drug is heated with other substances and smoked for an immediate, but short-lived effect?

46. The constant desire for cocaine, the high cost of the substance, and the need for increased doses to achieve a “high” can cause users to ____.

47. Darryl, age 15, likes this drug because it produces an intense and immediate, but brief, high, and is smoked. The drug, derived from the coca plant, is most likely ____.

48. Which statement concerning crack cocaine is accurate?

49. Almost 20 million adults and adolescents report current use of this substance in the United States, but it is illegal. It produces mild perceptual and sensory distortions, and is usually smoked. It is called ____.

50. Bernie is a heavy marijuana user who has developed impaired memory and concentration abilities. Although Bernie finds it to be relaxing, he is extremely concerned regarding the consequences of his marijuana use. What is unusual about Bernie's case?

51. A health teacher says, "Marijuana is a hallucinogen that can also produce stimulant and depressant effects. There are no medical uses for marijuana; it is strictly a recreational drug and it has no known adverse effects." Which part of the teacher's statement is accurate?

52. Which statement about medical marijuana is most accurate?

53. Which drug is most associated with hallucinations, bad trips, and flashbacks?

54. Carly has been having flashbacks, reexperiencing a "bad trip" she had two months ago. At that time she wound up in the hospital because she was having terrifying hallucinations. The drug Carly was using at that time must have been ____.

55. Timothy injected LSD intravenously. He experiences visual hallucinations and has developed a quick tolerance for the drug. In addition to the effects from LSD, Timothy has experienced fatigue and loss of inhibitions. What part of Timothy's case is usual?

56. Which negative consequence of using phencyclidine is most likely?

57. Herschel is brought to the hospital by six policemen who struggle to keep him from acting violently. He has been smoking a mixture of marijuana and a particular drug. During his first several days in the hospital, Herschel is either suspicious and violent or fearful. He staggers when he walks and has slurred speech. Herschel was probably using marijuana and what other drug?

58. In support of the assertion that addiction is a disease, Wollschlaeger (2007) indicates that ____.

59. Stephanie meets Sam at a rave. As they are talking, Sam put a drug into Stephanie's drink as she turns her head to talk to a friend. When she wakes up the next morning, she finds herself in bed with Sam and learns that he had raped her the night before, although she has no memory of the assault. It is most likely that the drug Sam put into Stephanie's drink was ____.

60. According to Walter (2001), progression from initial substance use to substance use disorder follows a(n) ____ sequence.

61. The results of research on genetic and environmental factors involved in alcohol abuse find that ____.

62. Genetic influences that make alcohol consumption aversive and thus reduce risk of alcoholism include the protective effects of ____.

63. Molly hears that addiction may be due to changes in brain patterns and activity as a result of repeated drug use. When she asks her professor why this is so, he cites research which states that ____.

64. It is likely that the body’s reduced production of ____ reduces the risk of substance abuse in some populations.

65. Based on their drug and alcohol use research of adolescents, Van Gundy, Cesar, and Rebellon (2010) found that ____ use during adolescence predicts later illicit substance use.

66. The two main psychological motives for substance use appear to be ____.

67. The personality characteristic of ____, associated with rebelliousness, novelty-seeking, risk-taking and impulsivity, increases risk of substance use.

68. Alcoholism among Hispanic groups is believed to be most affected by which factor?

69. When raised by parents who use alcohol or other drugs liberally, adolescents ____.

Heavily but not use other drugs

70. Which drug has both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties?

71. Alcoholism specialists who believe alcoholism is a disease argue that chronic alcohol use ____.

72. Andre is trying to abstain from using drugs. Which factor is most likely to result in his relapse?

73. Risk of relapse following drug treatment is highest ____.

74. A woman in treatment for alcohol use disorder is allowed to consume one drink at an outing as part of her program. What is this called?

75. Marlon is physically dependent on heroin. If he stops using the drug, he may ____.

76. Peggy says that since she has gotten to know George, she realizes that he has an alcoholic personality. According to the research on substance abuse what personality trait is most associated with substance use and abuse?

77. Which term indicates intoxication from chemical vapors found in a variety of common household products?

78. Which statement accurately reflects our knowledge of the causes of drug use?

79. Jean just returned from active duty in a war zone. He has been experiencing hyperarousal and reexperiencing the traumatic events he encountered. Which substance is he most likely to turn to first?

80. Stanley has entered a rehabilitation facility for treatment of his addiction to barbiturates. He is immediately prevented from using the drugs and experiences agitation, restlessness, increased respiration, and insomnia. This phase of treatment is called ____.

81. A problem with using Antabuse to help alcoholics stop drinking is that ____.

82. A company wants to reduce its health care costs by finding an effective way to help cigarette smokers quit permanently. Research suggests that the best medication treatment is ____.

83. Which patient is getting the correct pharmacological treatment for his or her drug abuse problem?

84. Currently, there are no effective pharmacological interventions for ____.

85. Ed has been prescribed methadone because he is addicted to heroin. How does it help?

86. Why has methadone treatment turned from being a simple solution to a major problem?

87. Mr. Henderson leaves work every Friday, cashes his check, and heads to the local casino. He usually spends his entire pay check there in one night, and then heads home with a list of excuses for his wife. They are about to lose their house because they cannot pay their mortgage. This case illustrates ____.

88. Who has a higher risk of developing Internet gaming disorder?

89. What is a psychological treatment approach that addresses ambivalence about giving up substance use and is used to prevent relapse?

90. Which statement about treatment for substance abuse disorders is true?

1. College students are less likely that nonstudent peers to be admitted to drug treatment programs for alcohol use disorder.
2. Cost is a significant barrier to treatment for substance use disorders, even among those who really want treatment.
3. Nearly all individuals with substance use disorders are receive some form of inpatient treatment.
4. Inpatient treatment is rarely even needed during detoxification and certainly not needed for recovery.

1. Alcohol and narcotics are both depressants. Discuss how they have both similar and different effects on and consequences for those who are dependent.

2. Describe progression from initial substance use to substance abuse.

3. Describe the treatment for alcohol-use disorder.