Eating Disorders Chapter 9 Test Bank Docx - Understanding Abnormal Behavior 3e Complete Test Bank by David Sue. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 9: Eating Disorders
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Nearly ____ percent of adolescent females and ____ percent of adolescent males report dieting to control their weight.
a. | 20; 10 | c. | 50; 20 |
b. | 20; 20 | d. | 90; 50 |
2. Which of the following is most likely to result in eating problems?
a. | media attention on healthy eating | c. | self-determination |
b. | autonomy | d. | low self-esteem |
3. What is the paradox of eating disorders?
a. | Anorexia is more likely to occur in countries where malnutrition is prevalent. |
b. | The increasing emphasis on thinness in the United States is occurring as the population is becoming heavier. |
c. | As the popularity of healthy clubs is increasing in the United States, eating disorders are becoming more prevalent. |
d. | In the past decade, male prevalence rates of obesity have come to surpass female rates of obesity. |
4. Which woman is least likely to have an eating disorder?
a. | Pilar, a German American | c. | Betty, a European American |
b. | Therese, an Italian American | d. | Latisha, an African American |
5. A twelve-year study by Sui and colleagues (2007) determined that being ____ is the critical factor for long life.
a. | fitness may prevent some obesity-related health problems | c. | fitness may paradoxically increase risk of death among obese individuals |
b. | only normal weight individuals benefit from fitness | d. | fitness increases survival only among underweight individuals |
6. Yoriko, a 17-year-old girl, is so fearful of gaining weight that she starves herself. She has missed five consecutive menstrual cycles. Although she correctly sees herself as having a skeletal figure, she does not think she has an eating disorder. Yoriko is diagnosed with anorexia. What is unusual about this case?
a. | It is unusual for an anorexic to deny having an eating disorder. |
b. | It is unusual for a 17-year-old girl to have anorexia. |
c. | It is unusual for an anorexic to miss five menstrual cycles. |
d. | It is unusual for an anorexic to have an accurate body image. |
7. Anorexia nervosa is defined by which of the following?
a. | a binge-purge cycle |
b. | an individual of normal or slightly above normal weight |
c. | a distorted self-perception of body image |
d. | a sense of loss of control over eating combined with purging |
8. Anna worries that even touching a sandwich would cause her to gain weight. This behavior is most accurately described as ____.
a. | depressive | c. | bipolar |
b. | obsessive-compulsive | d. | psychotic |
9. Which statement about anorexia nervosa is accurate?
a. | Despite having a skeleton-like appearance, most anorexics still consider themselves to be overweight. |
b. | Anorexics who continually fast tend to be outgoing, very popular individuals with a lot of self-confidence. |
c. | Although anorexics are phobic about gaining weight, they often maintain weight at normal or above-normal levels. |
d. | Although self-starvation changes the anorexic's appearance, there are no serious physical complications to the disorder. |
10. There are two subgroups of anorexia. They are ____.
a. | anorexia and anorexia nervosa |
b. | binge-eating/purging and restricting |
c. | binge-eating/purging and binge-eating alone |
d. | anxious and depressive |
11. Kimberly is in a treatment program for eating disorders. She is more introverted than many of the other girls in the program and denies that she is hungry or has any psychological distress. Kimberly is most likely to be diagnosed with ____.
a. | restricting anorexia | c. | bulimia nervosa |
b. | binge-eating/purging anorexia | d. | binge eating disorder |
12. Which approach has been encouraging in helping with anorexia nervosa?
a. | psychodynamic therapy |
b. | dietary training |
c. | family therapy |
d. | inpatient treatment |
13. It is not uncommon for individuals with anorexia nervosa to display _____ behaviors.
a. | manic | c. | obsessive-compulsive |
b. | psychotic | d. | paranoid |
14. A psychologist is in an evaluation with a woman who has an eating disorder, restricting type. Which symptom would be typical of this subtype?
a. | self-induced vomiting |
b. | extreme exercising |
c. | use of laxatives |
d. | taking diuretics |
15. "Yo-yo" dieting has been found to be related to which of the following?
a. | long-term weight loss | c. | chronic headaches |
b. | difficulties with posttraumatic stress | d. | altered immune functioning |
16. Irene eats large quantities of high-calorie foods at least three times a week, typically when she is alone or nervous. After binging, she induces vomiting. She is constantly concerned about her appearance, although she is of normal weight. An appropriate diagnosis for Irene is ____.
a. | anorexia nervosa | c. | bulimia nervosa |
b. | overanxious disorder | d. | binge-eating disorder |
17. Emily has the purging type of bulimia nervosa. She is likely to engage regularly in which of the following?
a. | fasting | c. | denies her thinness |
b. | vomiting | d. | expresses fear of obesity |
18. Compared to anorexia nervosa, bulimia ____.
a. | is much easier to diagnose on the basis of appearance |
b. | is much more prevalent |
c. | has little to do with self-control |
d. | is unrelated to body size concern or weight |
19. Sarah has the nonpurging type of bulimia. Sonia has the restricting type of anorexia. Which of the following is likely?
a. | They are both aware that their eating patterns are not normal. |
b. | Sarah uses fasting as a way to control her weight but Sonia does not. |
c. | They both are overly concerned with their weight. |
d. | Sarah is at risk for comorbid mental disorders but Sonia is not. |
20. The person with bulimia nervosa is at risk of ____.
a. | loss of sleep | c. | suicide |
b. | personality disorders | d. | obesity |
21. For the past three months, Bess has eaten large quantities of high-calorie foods a couple of times a week. What other symptoms must she show to be diagnosed with bulimia?
a. | negative body image and compensatory actions after eating |
b. | none, because binge eating is the critical symptom of bulimia |
c. | the absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles |
d. | a history of self-starvation lasting at least three months |
22. A common complication of bulimia nervosa is ____.
a. | stomach cancer | c. | excessive hydration |
b. | erosion of tooth enamel | d. | muscle atrophy |
23. A bulimic woman is more likely to respond to stress by saying ____.
a. | "Purging will help relieve the stress and monotony in my life." |
b. | "I need to outline my priorities." |
c. | "I guess I need to think about how I can solve this problem." |
d. | "This approach didn't work, so I'll have to come up with another one." |
24. Individuals with bulimia nervosa may also have symptoms of ____.
a. | schizoaffective disorder | c. | posttraumatic stress disorder |
b. | panic attacks | d. | depressive disorders |
25. Belle has bulimia and Amanda has anorexia. Outcome studies suggest that ____.
a. | Belle would probably have a more positive prognosis than Amanda |
b. | Amanda would probably have a more positive prognosis than Belle |
c. | Both would have a relatively poor prognosis |
d. | bulimia has a close to 100 percent recovery rate |
26. In a lecture on eating disorders, Professor Lublin noted that binge-eating has been classified as disorder characterized by consumption of large amounts of food over a short period of time and accompanied by feelings of paranoia, but like bulimia, the episodes are generally followed by use of compensatory behaviors like vomiting or fasting. Which of Professor Lublin's statements in accurate?
a. | Binge-eating has been classified as an Axis I disorder. |
b. | Binge-eating is characterized by consumption of large amounts of food over a short period of time. |
c. | Binge-eating is generally followed by use of compensatory behaviors like vomiting or fasting. |
d. | Binge-eating is characterized by feelings of paranoia. |
27. What is one way in which bulimia nervosa is similar to binge-eating disorder?
a. | engaging in compensatory behaviors after eating |
b. | eating alone when binging |
c. | being generally overweight in either case |
d. | having an intense fear of becoming obese |
28. Approximately what percentage of women in weight-control programs have binge-eating disorder?
a. | 5-10 percent | c. | 50-65 percent |
b. | 20-40 percent | d. | 70-80 percent |
29. Individuals with binge-eating disorder may also have symptoms of which disorder?
a. | schizophrenia | c. | posttraumatic stress disorder |
b. | major depressive disorder | d. | panic attacks |
30. Which woman has the best prognosis for recovery from binge eating disorder?
a. | Andrea, who is being treated with medication |
b. | Bridgette, who is being treated with surgery |
c. | Carla, who is being treated with gastric banding |
d. | Darlene, who is being treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy |
31. Who would diagnostically fit the DSM-5 category of “eating conditions not elsewhere classified”?
a. | Bernadette, who meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa and is over 25 lbs. underweight |
b. | Claudia, who engages in binge eating and compensatory activities less than once per week |
c. | Darlene, who engages in binge-eating and purging more than once per week |
d. | Allegra, who meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa and does not have regular menses |
32. Disturbed eating patterns in “eating conditions not elsewhere classified” includes which characteristic behavior?
a. | excessive exercising | c. | high degree of social interaction |
b. | binge eating late at night | d. | overly positive self-image |
33. Which group would be content with a larger amount of body fat?
a. | lesbian females | c. | gay males |
b. | heterosexual females | d. | heterosexual males |
34. The DSM-5 does not recognize ____ as an eating disorder despite its devastating medical and psychological consequences.
a. | anorexia nervosa |
b. | obesity |
c. | bulimia nervosa |
d. | eating disorders not otherwise specified |
35. Kobe is concerned about his younger brother taking anabolic steroids. As he researches this potentially fatal behavior, he will find that ____ percent of boys between the ages of 15 and 18 have taken these drugs to gain more muscle mass.
a. | 4 | c. | 8 |
b. | 6 | d. | 10 |
36. A 2007 APA Task Force study found that television, music videos, lyrics, magazines, and advertising ____ women.
a. | socialize | c. | sexualize |
b. | demonize | d. | aggrandize |
37. What is one reason that most adolescent girls give for dieting and concern over their bodies?
a. | their health | c. | self-esteem |
b. | criticisms by family members | d. | physical fitness |
38. When assessing male and female perceptions of their bodies, research by Arcelus et al. (2013) found that ____.
a. | males were more likely than females to express dissatisfaction with their bodies |
b. | females were more likely than males to express dissatisfaction with their bodies |
c. | among both males and females, those with low self-esteem were at higher risk for eating disorders |
d. | females perceived their bodies as larger than they would prefer, but smaller than what men would prefer |
39. The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa among 20-year-old females is ____.
a. | 0.8 percent | c. | 2.6 percent |
b. | 0.5 percent | d. | 3 percent |
40. Who would be most likely to express the most concern over body size and appearance and most likely to exhibit disturbed eating patterns?
a. | Jim, a gay male | c. | Danielle, a lesbian female |
b. | Dan, a straight male | d. | Eldon, a heterosexual male |
41. It is believed that the societal emphasis on thinness as being attractive ____.
a. | may contribute to the increasing incidence of eating disorders |
b. | has not been supported as a cause of eating disorders |
c. | is a sufficient explanation of eating disorders |
d. | is only mildly related to eating disorders |
42. Body dissatisfaction, the discrepancy between one’s perceived versus desired body weight or shape, is a(n) ____ in the development of eating disorders.
a. | robust risk factor | c. | mild risk factor |
b. | insignificant risk factor | d. | moderate risk factor |
43. What characteristic has been identified as a risk factor and may interact with body dissatisfaction to predict eating disorders?
a. | maladaptive perfectionism | c. | self-evaluation |
b. | dieting | d. | depression |
44. What may combine with maladaptive perfection and body dissatisfaction to create an even greater risk for an eating disorder?
a. | low levels of interpersonal competence |
b. | an interest in eating healthy |
c. | short-term anxiety to an external stressor |
d. | lack of sleep or poor sleep habits |
45. Socialization agents, such as peers, family members, and the media, may contribute to eating disorders by helping to create ____.
a. | externalized notions of "thin is in" |
b. | internalization of the thin ideal body image |
c. | externalization of one's inner insecurities |
d. | internalization of ”normal” weight ideals |
46. Marlin is told that he has many protective variables that help him avoid the impact of media on body image. Which of these factors would be considered part of the psychological dimension?
a. | His mother’s concerns about weight |
b. | His strong social bonds and social support |
c. | His self-esteem and sense of autonomy |
d. | His culture’s emphasis on muscularity |
47. Vincent and McCabe (2000) found that teasing and criticism about body weight or shape by family members predicts ____.
a. | borderline personality disorder | c. | maladaptive perfectionism |
b. | dieting and eating problems | d. | depression |
48. Recent research by Neighbors and Sobal (2007) suggests that ____ may be the most susceptible to messages regarding thinness.
a. | overweight women | c. | women who are normal weight |
b. | underweight women | d. | overweight men |
49. Jane and Jan have been best friends since they were four years old. Even though both women have married and are raising families, they remain best friends. Research by Christakis and Fowler (2007) suggests that if Jane becomes obese, ____.
a. | Jan will try to help her lose weight |
b. | Jan will actually lose weight |
c. | there is a 171% chance that Jan, too, will become obese |
d. | there will, at most, a one percent effect on Jan's weight |
50. Rates of obesity are higher among members of which social class?
a. | upper |
b. | middle |
c. | lower |
d. | There is no difference in rates of obesity based on social class. |
51. A woman in a lower socioeconomic neighborhood argued that the neighborhood was designed to make her fat. What would support this?
a. | Poorer neighborhoods may be distant from major hospitals. |
b. | Poorer neighborhoods have little to do but eat. |
c. | Poorer neighborhoods are less concerned with eating healthy. |
d. | Poorer neighborhoods have fewer options for purchasing healthy foods. |
52. Nancy has anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type. What is a direct complication from purging that is not seen in the restricting type of anorexia?
a. | bone loss | c. | low blood pressure |
b. | irregular heart rate | d. | enlarged salivary glands |
53. Approximately ____ percent of individuals who are treated in weight control programs have binge eating disorder.
a. | 10 to 20 | c. | 40 to 60 |
b. | 20 to 40 | d. | 60 to 80 |
54. Which woman is the least likely to exhibit an eating disorder?
a. | Mei Li, who lives in Saipan |
b. | Shoshana, who lives in Israel |
c. | Candice, who lives in Canada |
d. | Delores, who lives in the United States |
55. Research by Powell, Calvin, and Calvin (2007) found that the most effective long-term method for treating obesity and sustaining weight loss is ____.
a. | strict dieting |
b. | lifestyle interventions |
c. | drug treatments |
d. | gastric surgery |
56. Fijian girls who had developed eating disorders reported that their beliefs about ideal body image were influenced by ____.
a. | television | c. | Western tourists |
b. | religious teachings | d. | school |
57. Jacquee is an African American woman. Unlike the typical European American woman, she is likely to ____.
a. | feel that being underweight is better than being overweight |
b. | describe herself as being too fat and old |
c. | equate thinness with beauty and success |
d. | be satisfied with her weight and body size |
58. Which girl is most likely to be dieting?
a. | Shawna, a European American | c. | Selena, a Hispanic American |
b. | Lashawna, an African American | d. | Varana, a Pakistani American |
59. Bergstrom and Neighbors (2006) found that people who binge eat most often do so for which reason?
a. | They like the taste of the food. |
b. | They feel hungry all of the time. |
c. | They feel compelled to keep eating without thought. |
d. | They use food to counteract negative emotions. |
60. Body dissatisfaction in men, as with women, may be due to ____ processes involving media images portraying body types that few can achieve.
a. | social comparison | c. | self-evaluation |
b. | maladaptive perfectionism | d. | dieting |
61. In comparing African American women with white American women, which statement is accurate?
a. | Fewer African American women tend to be satisfied with their body size, weight, and appearance than are white women. |
b. | More African American women than white American women appear to have bulimia. |
c. | African American women are just as likely as other groups of women to have binge-eating disorder. |
d. | African American women are more concerned about weight than any other group of women. |
62. Which statement is suggested by research comparing African American women and white women?
a. | Because African American women perceive themselves as being heavier than they actually are, they do not believe it is important to change their normal eating patterns. |
b. | Media messages equating thinness with beauty have less impact on African American women. |
c. | African American women are less likely than white women to have anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge-eating disorder. |
d. | Because African American women have nonassertive roles in relationships and in the community, they are more influenced than white women by gender-restrictive messages. |
63. Which statement is accurate when comparing African American females with white American females?
a. | Both African American women and white American women believe that beauty is fleeting and decreases with age. |
b. | Both African American women and white American women believe that it is better to be a little overweight than underweight. |
c. | African American women perceive themselves to be thinner than they actually are, whereas white American women perceive themselves as being heavier than they actually are. |
d. | 40 percent of African American females, compared with 50 percent of white American females, are satisfied with their current weight or body shape. |
64. Which female is most likely to have an eating disorder?
a. | Maciel, an Australian | c. | Audrey, an Asian |
b. | Belinda, a Columbian | d. | Doreen, a Bolivian |
65. Vanessa has anorexia. It is likely that she shows which trait?
a. | perfectionism | c. | lack of control |
b. | rebelliousness | d. | helplessness |
66. Which characteristic is typical of both males and females with eating disorders?
a. | aggressiveness | c. | autonomy |
b. | low self-esteem | d. | self-determination |
67. The psychologists who are administering the support group that Calista attends are doing research to look at psychological traits for men and women in the disordered eating group. These psychologists are most likely to find ____.
a. | no consistent psychological traits | c. | high rates of identity disorders |
b. | evidence of negative affect | d. | high rates of psychotic disorders |
68. Which statement concerning the relationship between eating disorders and sexual abuse is accurate?
a. | There is no relationship between sexual abuse and eating disorders. |
b. | There is a direct link between sexual abuse and eating disorders. |
c. | Sexual abuse leads to eating disorders. |
d. | Sexual abuse may be indirectly related to obesity. |
69. A clinical psychologist treating a woman with obesity says, "Obesity is associated with depressed mood, although we are not clear whether depression is the cause or the effect. What is clear is that sexual abuse is a causal factor in obesity." Research indicates that these remarks are ____.
a. | entirely false. Research fails to support either assertion. |
b. | partially true. Research rejects the association with depression but supports the idea that sexual abuse causes obesity. |
c. | partially true. Research supports the association with depression but rejects the idea that sexual abuse directly causes obesity. |
d. | entirely true. Research supports both assertions. |
70. ____ appears to provide individuals with eating disorders some satisfaction in dealing with stress.
a. | The element of control | c. | Relaxation |
b. | Dieting | d. | Passivity |
71. What did Strober et al. (2000) find with respect to first-degree relatives of patients with anorexia and bulimia?
a. | Relatives of those with anorexia were likely to have anorexia, but not bulimia. |
b. | Relatives of those with bulimia were likely to have bulimia, but not anorexia. |
c. | Relatives of those with anorexia or bulimia were as likely to have either eating disorder. |
d. | There seemed to be no clear relationship between prevalence of these disorders among relatives. |
72. Research exploring the relationship between genetics and eating disorders suggests that ____.
a. | there is a strong genetic link for eating disorders |
b. | there is a strong genetic link for anorexia and bulimia, but not for other eating disorders |
c. | there is only a weak link between genetics and eating disorders |
d. | although there is strong support for a connection between genetic and biological factors with eating disorders, more research is needed to determine the relationship |
73. A group-based intervention program described by Chapman et al. (2010), and Richardson and Paxton (2010) for adolescent girls at risk for eating problems involved which goal?
a. | Learning the fastest ways to lose weight |
b. | Learning to develop a neutral attitude toward their bodies |
c. | Increasing their comfort in expressing their feelings to others |
d. | Increasing compensatory skills |
74. Which approach has been shown to help individuals with bulimia develop a sense of self-control?
a. | treatment with SSRIs | c. | psychodynamic |
b. | humanistic | d. | cognitive-behavioral |
75. Karen is dangerously thin and has been admitted to the hospital because of her anorexic condition. The initial goal of treatment will be to ____.
a. | help her understand that she is in danger of killing herself |
b. | safely restore weight |
c. | begin family therapy sessions |
d. | involve her in a group program with other anorexic girls |
76. In order not to sabotage weight gain, it is important that the patient receive ____ at the same time that restoration of weight is undertaken.
a. | psychological support | c. | psychodynamic therapy |
b. | pharmacologic treatment | d. | nutritional education |
77. Millie has been hospitalized because of her anorexia. She will receive psychological intervention to help her with ____.
a. | learning how to find information about anorexia and other eating disorders on the Internet |
b. | learning to develop overcontrolled eating behaviors |
c. | learning to cope with muscle dysphoria |
d. | learning about dysfunctional attitudes related to the eating disorder |
78. Victoria's team of physicians, psychiatrists, and psychotherapists will carefully monitor her physical condition during the refeeding phase of her treatment for anorexia because ____.
a. | she is likely to be terrified of dying of the disorder |
b. | her apathy toward food may increase |
c. | she may experience sudden severe physiological reactions |
d. | she has to be dissuaded from trying new foods at this time |
79. Which approach to treating anorexia is designed to assist with planning meals, learn new relationship patterns, and reduce parent criticism?
a. | psychodynamic | c. | cognitive-behavioral |
b. | behavioral | d. | family therapy |
80. Amy has just begun therapy for anorexia nervosa. She is in the hospital, where medical staff give her feedings to increase her weight. After she has gained sufficient weight ____ will most likely be implemented as an outpatient in order to maintain treatment gains achieved in the hospital.
a. | family therapy | c. | systematic desensitization |
b. | stimulant medication | d. | aversive conditioning |
81. When do conditions that might contribute to purging need to be identified for hospitalized bulimic patients?
a. | prior to admission |
b. | during the initial assessment |
c. | after treatment has begun |
d. | as soon as the patient is willing to discuss them |
82. Priscilla has been hospitalized because of her bulimia. Which physical condition might be expected to have resulted from her disorder?
a. | bowel obstructions |
b. | cardiac arrhythmias |
c. | panic attack |
d. | hypertension |
83. Important goals in treating bulimia are to normalize the eating pattern and to eliminate the binge-purge cycle. The disordered eating pattern is typically broken up by ____.
a. | implementing a routine of eating three meals a day |
b. | creating clear, rigis rules about food and eating |
c. | having the patient work with a nutritionist to identify faster ways to lose weight |
d. | using aversion therapy like shocks whenever the patient considers vomiting |
84. Paula is searching for the most effective treatment for bulimia. Research suggests that this will likely involve ____.
a. | response prevention |
b. | relaxation training |
c. | cognitive-behavioral therapy |
d. | stimulant medication |
85. Melissa is working with a group of adolescent girls who suffer from bulimia. The treatment includes cognitive-behavioral therapy. Judging by the research, how successful can Melissa expect the treatment to be?
a. | completely successful, with rates of recovery up to 90 percent |
b. | modestly successful, with rates of recovery up to 75 percent |
c. | somewhat successful, with rates of recovery of about 50 percent |
d. | not very successful, with rates of recovery less than 20 percent |
86. Marcia has been diagnosed with binge-eating disorder. Which characteristic will we expect to see in her?
a. | She is not concerned with her eating habits. |
b. | She is frighteningly underweight but worries she is overweight. |
c. | She overeats and engages in compensatory behaviors like purging. |
d. | She has to deal with prejudices of overweight individuals. |
87. Having a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 is the definition of ____.
a. | normal body weight | c. | obesity |
b. | bulimia nervosa | d. | binge eating disorder |
88. Dorit has been asked to prepare a list of events and issues that often precede the overeating. Dorit is most likely in which phase of her treatment program for binge-eating disorder?
a. | first | c. | third |
b. | second | d. | maintenance |
89. Tobacco use is the number one preventable cause of disease and death in the United States. What is number two?
a. | anorexia nervosa | c. | homicide |
b. | bulimia nervosa | d. | obesity |
90. Being overweight or obese in childhood is related to an increased risk of which disease in adulthood?
a. | asthma | c. | coronary heart disease |
b. | dementia | d. | hepatitis |
91. Approximately what percent of American adults would be classified as obese according to the BMI standards?
a. | 16 | c. | 57 |
b. | 35 | d. | 66 |
92. One theory for explaining the etiology of obesity suggests that humans inherited genes that helped our ancestors survive famine by storing fat. Unfortunately, that gene may be dysfunctional in an environment where high-fat foods are plentiful. This theory is called the ____.
a. | thrifty genotype hypothesis | c. | fat storage hypothesis |
b. | fat gene theory | d. | evolutionary hypothesis |
93. Because of its influence on affecting food palatability, scientists have been focusing their attention on the relationship between obesity and ____.
a. | serotonin | c. | epinephrine |
b. | GABA | d. | dopamine |
1. Identify two eating disorders and describe the symptoms that characterize these disorders.
2. What treatment strategies are effective in the treatment of eating disorders?
3. Define obesity and explain the reasons it is considered to be an epidemic in the United States. Discuss how, in a nation so obsessed with thinness, obesity has become such a problem. Explore the different treatment options and their effectiveness.