Ch1 Serving The Needs Of Children Test Questions & Answers - Effgen - Pediatric Physical Therapy 3e - Test Bank by Susan K. Effgen. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 01. Serving the Needs of Children and Their Families
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. According to the ICF, impairments are:
a. | problems in functional activities. |
b. | restrictions in activities. |
c. | problems in physiological functions of body systems. |
d. | limitations in functional skills. |
e. | limitations in participation. |
____ 2. Evidenced-based practice should include:
a. | expert opinion, continuing education, and personal experience. |
b. | intuition, unsystematic clinical experience. |
c. | explanations based on pathophysiology. |
d. | awareness, consultation, judgment, and creativity. |
____ 3. When possible, an examination should:
a. | start with tests and measures in the clinical setting. |
b. | start with observation done in the natural environment while gathering history. |
c. | never be done in the waiting room. |
d. | start with determining the child’s strengths and weaknesses. |
____ 4. When developing the plan of care for a child, it is important to:
a. | Determine goals and objectives before talking with the child and family. |
b. | Prescribe interventions focused on the child’s impairments. |
c. | Ensure goals and interventions address activity and participation. |
d. | Focus on measurable goals for the next 2 years. |
____ 5. In pediatric practice, a top-down approach to assessment is preferred because:
a. | weaknesses are identified first, and it is child-centered. |
b. | desired outcomes are identified first, and it is family-centered. |
c. | it is the most common model used in physical therapy practice. |
d. | it is a deficit-driven model. |
____ 6. Chaining techniques work best:
a. | with those with a cognitive impairment. | |
b. | as negative reinforcement. | |
c. | as continuous reinforcement. | |
d. | with discrete tasks having a clear beginning and end. | |
____ 7. Reinforcing behaviors/skills that are increasingly closer to the desired behavior/skill are called:
a. | negative reinforcement. |
b. | behavioral programming. |
c. | positive reinforcement. |
d. | shaping. |
____ 8. Collaborative teams:
a. | desire consensus decision-making in determining priorities for goals and objectives. |
b. | provide professionals with autonomy. |
c. | discourage role release because of liability issues. |
d. | prefer to provide intervention in special therapy rooms. |
e. | tell parents exactly what to do for their child. |
____ 9. Physical therapists first started to work with children:
a. | in the 1940s for the treatment of children with cerebral palsy. |
b. | when Sister Kenny came to the United States to meet the needs of children with polio. |
c. | when Berta Bobath introduced a treatment for children with cerebral palsy. |
d. | during the polio epidemic in the early part of the 20th century. |
____ 10. External factors that may affect a child’s function include:
a. | cognitive ability, emotional stability, motivation, and language ability. |
b. | impairments of body structures and functions and limitations in activities. |
c. | family support, access to health care, financial resources, and accessible schools. |
d. | family and child’s goals and objectives. |
____ 11. If one embraces the ICF model, no matter what setting a pediatric therapist is providing interventions in (clinic, school, home, etc.), the primary long-term goal of physical therapy should be to:
a. | maximize the child’s strength, range of motion, and posture in order to prevent secondary impairments. |
b. | minimize all physical impairments to improve the child’s motivation and self-confidence when among peers. |
c. | maximize the child’s participation in the home, school, and community. |
d. | walk up and down the stairs independently in less than 3 minutes while carrying two textbooks in order to change classrooms in the time allotted between classes. |
e. | eliminate all environmental and personal barriers to the child’s community participation. |
____ 12. A task analysis includes:
a. | determining the prerequisite body functions. |
b. | the activities required to perform the task. |
c. | the cognitive requirements to perform the task. |
d. | understanding the motor planning requirements of the task. |
e. | All of the above |
____ 13. The sequence of the hierarchy of response competence is first skill acquisition followed by:
a. | fluency, maintenance, and generalization. |
b. | refinement of the skill, transfer, and attainment. |
c. | generalization, maintenance, and refinement. |
d. | transfer and performance in different environments. |
____ 14. Which model of team interaction is most commonly used in early intervention programs?
a. | Unidisciplinary model |
b. | Multidisciplinary model |
c. | Transdisciplinary model |
d. | Hierarchical model |
____ 15. Determining the frequency, intensity, and duration of intervention is difficult; however, general guidelines have been developed for:
a. | cerebral palsy, myelomeningocele, and traumatic brain injury. |
b. | pediatric hospitals and school-based settings. |
c. | outpatient orthopedics and neonatal intensive care units. |
d. | autism, Down syndrome, and muscular dystrophy. |
____ 16. Collaborative teamwork does not include:
a. | role release to designated team members. |
b. | consensus decision-making. |
c. | motor and communication skills embedded throughout the interventions. |
d. | professionals working in isolation on their own. |
e. | equal participation on the team by the family. |
____ 17. Which statement least reflects a family-centered philosophy of physical therapy intervention?
a. | Asking the family what their concerns are. |
b. | Providing the family a daily home exercise program to improve the child’s muscle strength in preparation for ambulation. |
c. | Identifying family caregiving routines and providing consultation to assist family members. |
d. | Preparing for ambulation; discussing with the family play activities for supported standing that could provide opportunities for some sibling participation. |
____ 18. When using a top-down approach to developing a plan of care for a child new to therapy, the physical therapist should proceed in which order?
a. | Evaluate child impairments, set goals for child, and develop a plan for intervention. |
b. | Develop collaborative goals, examine the child to determine physical therapy diagnosis, determine prognosis, and create a plan of care. |
c. | Perform standardized assessment, interpret results, discuss results with the child’s family, and create a plan of care. |
d. | Determine patient impairments, perform standardized assessment, develop a plan of care, and discuss the plan with the child’s family. |
____ 19. The legislation that preceded the Americans with Disabilities Act in providing protection and access for individuals with disabilities is:
a. | Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. |
b. | Social Security Amendments of 1965. |
c. | Economic Opportunity Act of 1963. |
d. | State Children’s Health Insurance Plan. |
____ 20. Low-income, working parents whose children do not qualify for Medicaid because they work might qualify for health insurance under which federal program?
a. | State Children’s Health Insurance Plan |
b. | Medicare |
c. | Health maintenance organizations |
d. | There is no insurance program available to them. |
____ 21. If you suspect that a child you are serving is being abused:
a. | you can say nothing because your professional code of conduct requires confidentiality. |
b. | you must report the abuse using your state’s procedures. |
c. | you should speak to the child’s parent. |
d. | you must write a report and share it with the child’s physician. |
____ 22. When prescribing frequency of physical therapy intervention, which of the following children would be most appropriate for intensively scheduled physical therapy intervention (i.e., greater than 1 time per week)?
a. | A 6-year-old child who was just released from ICU/acute care following a bout of bacterial meningitis who was typically developing premorbidly but now requires maximum assist for ADLs and mobility. |
b. | A fifth-grade child with mild hemiparetic spastic cerebral palsy who can ambulate independently and participate in recreational sporting activities with peers but demonstrates asymmetry when sitting at his desk at school. |
c. | A 3-month-old baby with a history of pregnancy complications, who was born at 34 weeks’ gestation with mild respiratory difficulties (now resolved) and who is currently demonstrating age-appropriate motor skills despite noticeable low tone/generalized weakness. |
d. | A 6-month-old baby with generalized weakness/low tone and an AIMS score in the fifth percentile who has supportive/attentive parents and who is not receiving any other services. |
____ 23. When prescribing frequency of physical therapy intervention, which of the following children would be most appropriate for less frequently scheduled periodic rechecks (i.e., bimonthly, quarterly, etc.)?
a. | A 6-month-old baby with generalized weakness/low tone and an AIMS score in the fifth percentile who has supportive/attentive parents and who is not receiving any other services. |
b. | A 3-month-old baby with a history of pregnancy complications, who was born at 34 weeks’ gestation with mild respiratory difficulties (now resolved) and who is currently demonstrating age-appropriate motor skills despite noticeable low tone/generalized weakness. |
c. | A fifth-grade child with mild hemiparetic spastic cerebral palsy who can ambulate independently and participate in recreational sporting activities with peers but demonstrates asymmetry when sitting at his desk at school. |
d. | A 6-year-old child who was just released from ICU/acute care following a bout of bacterial meningitis who was typically developing premorbidly but now requires maximum assist for ADLs and mobility. |
____ 24. In contemporary pediatric practice, clinical reasoning entails synthesis of:
a. the child’s past history, medical diagnosis, and therapist-determined goals.
b. evidenced-based knowledge, findings from the PT evaluation, and contextual factors specific to the child and family.
c. a prioritized list of impairments specific to the child, past experience with children that have similar impairments, and personal intuition.
d. hypotheses about the child’s medical diagnosis, knowledge of interventions available in the hospital or clinic, and recommendations from colleagues.
____ 25. When providing interventions for children, it is important to:
a. be serious to ensure compliance.
b. ensure activities are educationally relevant in all settings.
c. educate the family and other team members as well as the child.
d. always focus on progressing the child through the development sequence.
e. All of the above
____ 26. Providing interventions in a natural environment is emphasized in which of the following models of service delivery?
a. Integrated model
b. Consultative model
c. Monitoring
d. Collaborative model
e. All of the above
Chapter 1. Serving the Needs of Children and Their Families
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Effgen - Pediatric Physical Therapy 3e - Test Bank
By Susan K. Effgen