Biological Beginnings Chapter 2 Exam Prep - Topical Lifespan Development 9e Complete Test Bank by John Santrock. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 02
Test Bank
1. Some species are better adapted to their environment in a way that helps them survive and reproduce, while other species do not adapt well and die. This process is calledA. canalization.B. sociobiology.C. natural selection.D. genetic inheritance.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Natural Selection2. Natural selection favors individuals of a species that are best able to _____ and _____.A. survive; reproduceB. find food; hideC. survive change; adaptD. change; adaptAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Natural Selection3. Evolutionary psychology holds thatA. natural selection does not ring true for personality characteristics.B. natural selection favors certain behaviors that increase reproductive success.C. biological evolution explains why humans live well beyond child-bearing years.D. only physical development is stage-like in process.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolutionary Psychology4. Natural selection operates primarily on characteristics that are tied toA. group social interaction.B. psychological wellness.C. reproductive fitness.D. developmental plasticity.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Natural Selection5. Which of the following statements describes the main idea of David Buss' theory?A. It is not useful to compare human social behavior with social behavior in other species.B. Evolutionary processes can influence behavior as well as physical features.C. Behavior is determined by the environmental consequences it brings about.D. Development proceeds in a series of stages.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolutionary Psychology6. Which of the following explanations do developmental evolutionary psychologists favor for an extended childhood period in human development?A. During this time, a human's immune system reaches its full potential.B. A long childhood period is a "left over" adaptation from the time when the human life span was considerably shorter than it is today.C. Rebellion against authority is a necessary step in the evolutionary development of independent behavior.D. During this time, humans develop a large brain and gain experience required to master the complexities of human society.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolutionary Psychology7. Which of the following statements is NOT an idea held by evolutionary developmental psychologists?A. Evolved characteristics are not always adaptive in contemporary society.B. Some evolved characteristics could be the cause of problems in contemporary society.C. All evolved mechanisms are adaptive in contemporary society.D. An extended childhood period may be the result of evolution.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolutionary Developmental Psychology8. Baltes holds that natural selection operatesA. primarily during the first half of life.B. primarily during late adulthood.C. through the end of the adolescent period.D. through the end of late childhood.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolution and Life-Span Development9. According to Baltes, older adults have an increasedA. generativity.B. need for culture-based resources.C. benefits of evolutionary selection.D. developmental plasticity.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolution and Life-Span Development10. A bidirectional view of evolutionism suggests thatA. social behavior is a product of evolved biology.B. evolved biology is a product of social behavior.C. environmental and biological conditions influence each other.D. evolution dictates social behavior.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolutionary Developmental Psychology11. Which of the following is a double-helix-shaped molecule that contains genetic information?A. chromosomeB. genotypeC. DNAD. geneAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes12. Approximately how many genes does a typical human have according to the latest research?A. more than 100,000B. 50,000–75,000C. 35,000–40,000D. around 20,000Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes13. What did researchers working on the Human Genome project accomplish?A. They estimated how many genes humans have.B. They determined that many genes are collaborative.C. They found that the number of human proteins is higher than the number of human genes.D. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes14. In his book The Dependent Gene, David Moore reports thatA. genes are collaborative.B. genes act independently.C. genes have a one-to-one correspondence with proteins.D. the expression of genes is not affected by environmental conditions.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes15. Which of the following statements BEST explains the nature of genetic expression?A. A single gene is the source of a single protein's genetic information.B. Events outside of a cell cannot excite or inhibit genetic expression.C. Only internal events inside a cell can influence genetic expression.D. The activity of genes is affected by the internal and external factors.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes16. Which of the following has 23 unpaired chromosomes?A. zygotesB. the sperm and eggC. mitosisD. chromosomeAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes17. In a human body, all cells except the sperm and egg reproduce by a process calledA. meiosis.B. mitosis.C. fertilization.D. zygote.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Mitosis18. _____ is a specialized form of cell division that occurs to form eggs and sperm.A. MeiosisB. MitosisC. ReproductionD. FertilizationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Meiosis19. How many chromosomes does an egg or a sperm have?A. 46B. 24C. 23D. 48Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes20. Fertilization results in the formation of a(n)A. egg.B. zygote.C. gamete.D. sperm.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Fertilization21. In _____, the number of cells doubles, whereas in _____, the number of chromosomes in the resulting four cells is half of what the parent cell contained.A. meiosis; mitosisB. mitosis; meiosisC. genotype; phenotypeD. phenotype; genotypeAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: MeiosisTopic: Mitosis22. All of a person's genetic material makes up the _____, whereas the _____ consists of only observable characteristics.A. phenotype; genotypeB. genotype; phenotypeC. dominant genes; recessive genesD. recessive genes; dominant genesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes23. Angela describes her friend as tall and slender with blue eyes and red hair. She is describing her friend'sA. genotype.B. phenotype.C. dominant genes.D. recessive genes.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes24. You notice that Lou's eyes are a unique shade of green. You have observed his:A. genotype.B. phenotype.C. dominant genes.D. recessive genes.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes25. Which of the following principles is demonstrated when one gene overrides the potential effect of a second gene?A. polygenic inheritanceB. sex-linked genesC. dominant-recessive genesD. genetic imprintingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Dominant-Recessive Genes26. Kevin has blond hair, but both of his parents have brown hair. What might account for Kevin’s differing phenotype from both of his parents?A. polygenic inheritanceB. genetic imprintingC. sex-linked genesD. dominant-recessive genesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Dominant-Recessive Genes27. X-linked inheritance describes the inheritance of a(n)A. unaltered gene that is carried on the Y chromosome.B. mutated gene that is carried on the Y chromosome.C. unaltered gene that is carried on the X chromosome.D. mutated gene that is carried on the X chromosome.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Sex-Linked Genes28. Melinda and Joseph both have brown eyes, but their child has blue eyes. This shows thatA. both Melinda and Joseph are carrying a recessive gene for blue eyes.B. either Melinda or Joseph is carrying a recessive gene for blue eyes.C. both Melinda and Joseph are carrying a dominant gene for blue eyes.D. either Melinda or Joseph is carrying a dominant gene for blue eyes.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Dominant-Recessive Genes29. Most characteristics are the result of the interaction of many different genes. This is the concept ofA. dominant-recessive inheritance.B. sex-linked inheritance.C. genetic imprinting.D. polygenic inheritance.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Polygenic Inheritance30. People who have hemophilia or fragile-X syndrome areA. equally distributed among females and males.B. mostly females.C. mostly males.D. those who have mutated genes carried on the Y chromosome.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Sex-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities31. _____ is a genetic disorder that occurs less often to children with mothers who are 16 to 34 years old.A. Down syndromeB. Turner syndromeC. Sickle-cell anemiaD. Phenylketonuria (PKU)Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Down Syndrome32. Both _____ are genetic disorders caused by the presence of an extra chromosome.A. Down syndrome and Turner syndromeB. Turner syndrome and sickle-cell anemiaC. Klinefelter syndrome and Down syndromeD. Phenylketonuria (PKU) and XYY syndromeAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Sex-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities33. _____ syndrome causes males to have undeveloped testes, enlarged breasts, and tallness. Boys with this chromosomal disorder often have language, academic, attentional, and motor impairments.A. DownB. KlinefelterC. TurnerD. Fragile XAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Sex-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities34. Which of the following characteristics is likely to be exhibited in boys with fragile X syndrome?A. a flattened skullB. aggression and violenceC. hyperactivityD. mental deficiencyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Sex-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities35. Conditions like phenylketonuria and sickle cell anemia are produced by _____ abnormalities.A. chromosomeB. sex-linked chromosomeC. both sex-linked chromosome and gene-linkedD. gene-linkedAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Gene-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities36. _____ is a genetic disorder that can be controlled by diet.A. Down syndromeB. Turner syndromeC. Sickle-cell anemiaD. Phenylketonuria (PKU)Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Gene-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities37. Which of the following genetic disorders occurs most often in African Americans?A. Down syndromeB. Turner syndromeC. sickle-cell anemiaD. phenylketonuria (PKU)Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Gene-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities38. Behavior genetics is the field of study that seeks to discover how individual differences in human traits and development are influenced byA. environment.B. heredity.C. heredity and environment.D. behavior.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Behavior Genetics39. Dr. Santos designs studies to examine the influence of heredity and environment on individual differences in human traits and development. Her field of study is inA. behavior genetics.B. evolutionary genetics.C. evolutionary psychology.D. developmental genetics.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Behavior Genetics40. Behavior genetics mostly uses which of the following research methods?A. twin studiesB. adoption studiesC. both twin studies and adoption studiesD. neither twin studies nor adoption studiesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Behavior Genetics41. Brent is an athlete who has always loved to play catch or shoot baskets with others, and he frequently seeks to do both with his son Todd. Todd is quickly developing the same affinity for sports. This is an example of which type of genotype-environment correlation?A. activeB. passiveC. evocativeD. niche-pickingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Passive Genotype-Environment Correlations42. Katrina played basketball in high school and in college. She recently enrolled her son in a junior basketball league. This is an example of which type of genotype-environment correlation for Katrina’s son?A. passiveB. evocativeC. activeD. niche-pickingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Passive Genotype-Environment Correlations43. Kylie is friendly and outgoing. Because of this, people treat her well and often seem drawn to her. This is an example of which type of genotype-environment correlation?A. activeB. passiveC. evocativeD. niche-pickingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Evocative Genotype-Environment Correlations44. Hannah is an "easy" child. She rarely cries and is cooperative and pleasant. As a result, she receives much attention and nurturing. This is an example of which type of genotype-environment correlation?A. passiveB. evocativeC. activeD. niche-pickingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Evocative Genotype-Environment Correlations45. Dani loves dinosaurs. She always chooses library books about dinosaurs and has even asked her parents to enroll her in a junior paleontology club. This is an example of which type of genotype-environment correlation?A. passiveB. evocativeC. activeD. None of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Active Genotype-Environment Correlations46. Elise has enrolled in a parenting program aimed at teaching parents to recognize and support a child's natural abilities and chosen activities. If she helps her child enroll and pursue only activities her child seems drawn to, which type of heredity-environment correlation will she be encouraging?A. passiveB. evocativeC. activeD. suggestiveAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Active Genotype-Environment Correlations47. Allison learned that she had a good singing voice in childhood. She requested vocal lessons, and now she participates in the school choral program. This is an example of which type of genotype-environment correlation?A. passiveB. evocativeC. niche-pickingD. None of these answers is correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Active Genotype-Environment Correlations48. Which of the following is a genotype-environment interaction that plays a smaller role in development as children grow older?A. passiveB. evocativeC. activeD. niche-pickingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Passive Genotype-Environment Correlations49. Louis and his twin sister are entering late adolescence and preparing to go to different colleges. They are likelyA. to have less difficulty separating from each other and their primary caregiver than do non-twins.B. to have more difficulty separating from each other and their primary caregiver than do non-twins siblings.C. to have more distinct and individual senses of self by the time they separate for college than would non-twin siblings.D. to have completed their twin-separation process in early adolescence.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Nonshared Environmental Influences50. The (G × E) interaction involves what two specifically measured factors?A. variation in DNA and a specific aspect of the environmentB. variation in DNA and variation in gene-produced proteinsC. variation in DNA and variation in biological heredityD. a specific aspect of the environment and variation in behaviors of peers and relativesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Epigenetic View52. The epigenetic view of development states that development isA. becomes less influenced by heredity and more influenced by environments as people grow older.B. becomes more influenced by heredity and less influenced by environment as people grow older.C. is influenced 50 percent by heredity and 50 percent by environment.D. is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Epigenetic View53. The relative contributions of heredity and environment are not additive. This meansA. a person’s characteristics and behavior are a result of a constantly fluctuating mix of gene expression and environment.B. some characteristics are solely due to heredity and others to environmental conditions.C. certain characteristics are more linked to heredity and others to environmental conditions.D. that the person we become is due to x percent genetics and x percent environment.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Epigenetic View54. What is the emerging view among developmentalists about the contributions of both heredity and the environment to development?A. Heredity plays the dominant role in developmental trajectory.B. Environment plays the dominant role in developmental trajectory.C. Genes influence complex behaviors and generally lead to a developmental trajectory, but said trajectory is dependent on environment as well.D. Genes determine developmental trajectory largely regardless of environment.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Epigenetic View55. During which prenatal development period does differentiation of cells take place?A. embryonicB. germinalC. fetalD. fertilizationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Germinal Period56. Which of the following is the prenatal development period that takes place during the first 2 weeks after conception, includes the creation of a zygote, and ends with attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall?A. germinalB. embryonicC. fetalD. fertilizationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Germinal Period57. When does the zygote implant in the lining of the mother's uterus?A. immediately after conceptionB. within 2 days after conceptionC. about 10 to 14 days after conceptionD. at the end of the embryonic periodAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Germinal Period58. During which prenatal developmental period do the mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm form?A. germinalB. embryonicC. fetalD. fertilizationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period59. Which of the following is the correct order of an embryo's layering of cells starting from the outermost layer?A. mesoderm, endoderm, ectodermB. mesoderm, ectoderm, endodermC. endoderm, mesoderm, ectodermD. ectoderm, mesoderm, endodermAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period60. When baby Juanita was born, she had problems with her eyes, ears, and nose. MOST likely, Juanita's problems came from defects in the formation ofA. the ectoderm.B. the endoderm.C. the mesoderm.D. any of the three layers.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period61. Baby Weston's digestive system did not fully develop and does not function properly. This problem likely arose from a defect in the formation ofA. the ectoderm.B. the endoderm.C. the mesoderm.D. any of the three layers.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period62. The doctor tells Sharice and Jayden that their unborn baby is having problems because of a drastic change in temperature. The _____ has failed to perform its protective function.A. umbilical cordB. amniotic fluidC. placentaD. trophoblastAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period63. The _____ connects a baby to the placenta.A. amniotic fluidB. amnionC. umbilical cordD. uterine wallAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period64. When a blood test was performed on Cindy's fetus, the doctors found some of Cindy's red blood cells in the fetus’ circulatory system. We know that this most likelyA. is normal because the mother's red blood cells are shared with the fetus.B. indicates a problem with the blastocyst, which should not contain red blood cells.C. indicates a problem with the placenta, which should block the mother's red blood cells.D. indicates a problem with the amnion, which should eliminate the mother's red blood cells.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period65. Iyanla, who is pregnant, is concerned that the bacteria from her ear infection may pass to her unborn baby. She does not need to worry becauseA. although the bacteria will pass to the fetus, supercharged white blood cells in the umbilical cord will successfully destroy the infection.B. the bacteria will be destroyed by the amniotic fluid.C. bacteria are large molecules and will be filtered out by the placenta and not reach the fetus.D. the baby's sinuses are filled with amniotic fluid and are immune to sinus bacteria.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period66. During which prenatal developmental period do the following changes—rapid weight gain; active movement of arms and legs; face, forehead, eyelids, nose, and chin becoming distinguishable—take place?A. germinalB. embryonicC. fetalD. fertilizationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Fetal Period67. What is approximately the earliest point that a fetus can survive outside the womb?A. 5 monthsB. 6 monthsC. 7 monthsD. 8 monthsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Fetal Period68. Sidney is expecting her first child and recently began to feel kicking movements. Sidney is MOST likely in the _____ month of her pregnancy.A. secondB. fourthC. sixthD. seventhAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Fetal Period69. Which of the following handle(s) information processing at the cellular level?A. anencephalyB. neuronsC. spina bifidaD. neural tubesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prenatal Brain Development70. Teri's doctor has recommended that she take folic acid regularly throughout her pregnancy. The doctor is most likely trying to prevent which of the following from occurring?A. spina bifidaB. fetal neural tube defectsC. anencephalyD. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prenatal Brain Development71. At approximately 15 weeks after conception, cells move outward from their point of origin to their appropriate locations. This is known asA. anencephaly.B. spina bifida.C. neurogenesis.D. neuronal migration.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prenatal Brain Development72. Which of the following involves the process of cells moving outward from their point of origin to their appropriate locations in the brain?A. neuronal migrationB. neurogenesisC. neural connectivityD. organogenesisAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prenatal Brain Development73. Which of the following prenatal diagnostic tests would involve removing a small sample of the placenta?A. ultrasound sonographyB. amniocentesisC. maternal blood samplingD. chorionic villus samplingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Chorionic Villus Sampling74. Which of the following prenatal diagnostic tests could detect an elevated risk for spina bifida but not the actual condition in the fetus?A. ultrasound sonographyB. amniocentesisC. maternal blood screeningD. chorionic villi samplingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Blood Screening75. Stephanie's doctor reduces the dosage of her daily medication when she begins trying to get pregnant. The principle behind this action states thatA. the effect of any teratogen is dependent on the genetic susceptibility of the fetus.B. the effect of any teratogen is dependent on the time of exposure.C. the greater the dose of a teratogen, the greater the effect on prenatal development.D. the effect of any teratogen is greater in the last stage of prenatal development.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Teratogen76. During which prenatal developmental period is the probability of a structural defect the greatest?A. implantationB. germinalC. embryonicD. fetalAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period77. Which of the following statements about teratogens is NOT true?A. Female fetuses are far more likely to be affected by teratogens than male fetuses.B. The greater the dose of a teratogen, the greater the effect.C. Differences in placental membranes can affect a fetus' exposure to a teratogen.D. The time of exposure to a teratogen impacts the type and degree of damage to the fetus.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Teratogen78. Exposure to teratogens after organogenesis is complete is most likely to result inA. severe anatomic defects.B. stunted growth.C. an enlarged cranium.D. death of the fetus.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Teratogen79. Which of the following is a nonprescription drug known to cause harmful prenatal effects?A. estrogenB. antibioticsC. isotretinoinD. aspirinAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs80. Psychoactive drugs primarily affect the _____ system.A. endocrineB. nervousC. respiratoryD. digestiveAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs81. Gina is pregnant and is a heavy smoker. Compared to the baby of a nonsmoker, her baby is MORE likely to suffer from which of the following?A. facial and limb deformitiesB. sudden infant death syndromeC. cleft palateD. tremors and increased general irritabilityAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Nicotine82. Which of the following prescription and nonprescription drugs can have harmful effects on an embryo or fetus?A. aspirinB. some antibiotics and hormonesC. diet pillsD. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs83. If the mother normally drinks alcohol, which of the following is the BEST way to prevent negative effects on the fetus?A. Drink only beer during the pregnancy.B. Maintain good nutrition during the pregnancy.C. Completely abstain from drinking during the entire pregnancy.D. Drink only wine during the pregnancy.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Alcohol84. Facial deformities, defective limbs, learning problems, and below-average intelligence are all linked to heavy use of which teratogen during pregnancy?A. cocaineB. psychoactive drugsC. nicotineD. alcoholAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Alcohol85. Neonatal deaths, preterm births, low birth weights, respiratory problems, and sudden infant death syndrome are all linked to which teratogen?A. cocaineB. psychoactive drugsC. nicotineD. alcoholAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Nicotine86. Cocaine exposure during prenatal development is linked to which of the following?A. increased likelihood of being in special education and receiving support servicesB. impaired language development and information processingC. impaired motor development and slower growth rateD. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Cocaine87. What is the BEST way to keep the infant from being infected if the mother is found to have active genital herpes before the child is born?A. A cesarean section should be performed.B. Antibiotics should be administered for a minimum of 6 hours before delivery.C. Antibiotics should be administered daily to the fetus until the day of delivery.D. Nothing can be done, because the fetus would have already contracted the disease before delivery.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Diseases88. If a mother is HIV positive, but her infant does not show signs of AIDS at birth, then the infant mayA. not have been infected with HIV.B. have been infected with HIV but does not show any symptoms of HIV at birth.C. have been infected with HIV and by symptomatic at birth.D. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Diseases89. Which of the following is a way for a mother infected with HIV to pass the virus to her child?A. during gestation across the placentaB. during delivery through contact with maternal bloodC. after birth through breast-feedingD. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Diseases90. The nutritional status of the fetus during pregnancy is determinedA. only by the amount of the mother’s protein intake.B. only by the mother’s calorie intake.C. by the mother’s intake of protein, vitamins, minerals, and total calories.D. by the function of the fetus’ digestive system.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Diet and Nutrition91. Which of the following statements is correct?A. A pregnant woman’s experience with intense fear and anxiety may have a negative impact on the fetus.B. High maternal stress during pregnancy can have long-term consequences for the child after birth.C. Children of mothers with a high level of depression during pregnancy are more susceptible to preterm birth and low birth weight.D. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Emotional States and Stress92. Which of the following statements is correct?A. The mother’s stressful life events may have a negative impact on the fetus even if these events occur before conception.B. Maternal depression during pregnancy may cause preterm birth.C. Maternal depression during pregnancy may cause low birth weight for full-term infants.D. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Emotional States and Stress93. Participation in the CenteringPregnancy program has been associated withA. reduced incidence of physical abnormalities.B. reduced incidence of cognitive impairments.C. reduced incidence of Down syndrome.D. reduced incidence of low birth weight.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Age94. A Norwegian study found the same level of increased risk for fetal deaths in mothers over 30 as inA. mothers aged 16 and under.B. 25 to 29-year old mothers who used antidepressants.C. mothers aged 42 and older.D. 25 to 29-year-old mothers who were overweight.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Age95. Which of the following paternal characteristics is LEAST likely to affect a child's development if the father is younger than 40 years of age?A. exposure to lead and radiationB. exposure to certain pesticides and petrochemicalsC. cigarette smokingD. ageAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Paternal Factors96. CenteringPregnancy, an innovative prenatal care program, is rapidly expanding in the United States and providesA. free prenatal care to low-income mothers.B. in-home prenatal care by a midwife.C. prenatal care in a peer group setting.D. confidential prenatal care to pregnant adolescents.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prenatal Care97. Which of the following outcomes of prenatal education is of the MOST value for pregnant women living in poverty?A. Participants receive coupons for free goods and services.B. These women can be linked to other valuable social services.C. Classes encourage these mothers to bottle-feed so they can maintain employment.D. Participants are offered free postpartum birth control.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prenatal Care98. During which stage of childbirth does the cervix dilate?A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. afterbirthAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Stages of Birth99. During which stage of childbirth is the fetus expelled from the womb?A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. afterbirthAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Stages of Birth100. Which of the following statements is correct?A. Three basic kinds of drugs used for labor are analgesia, anesthesia, and oxytocin/Pitocin.B. Analgesia is used to relieve pain.C. Higher doses of drugs given to the mother during delivery potentially have a more negative effect on the fetus than lower doses.D. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Medication101. Which of the following is NOT a method that the natural or prepared childbirth methods use during labor and delivery?A. nonprescription drugs to reduce painB. relaxation techniquesC. Lamaze breathingD. education about anatomy and physiologyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Natural and Prepared Childbirth102. Melissa plans to use the prepared childbirth method during labor and delivery. Which of the following will she employ?A. nonprescription drugs to reduce painB. prescription drugs to reduce painC. Lamaze breathingD. prescription drugs to promote contractionAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Natural and Prepared Childbirth103. Which of the following is a method to reduce pain during delivery without using medication?A. waterbirthB. massageC. acupunctureD. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Caesarean Delivery104. If the fetus is in a breech position,A. the head of the fetus will emerge first during delivery.B. a cesarean section will not be recommended because it will compromise the safe delivery of the baby.C. delivery will be easy and cause less complications.D. the fetus will be at increased risk for respiratory problems during delivery.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Caesarean Delivery105. Diane's doctor has suggested that a cesarean delivery of her child may be necessary. What is NOT a likely reason for this determination?A. The fetus’ head will emerge first during delivery.B. The fetus’ buttocks will emerge first during delivery.C. The position of the fetus in the uterus is likely to cause respiratory problems.D. The fetus is in a breech position.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Caesarean Delivery106. An Apgar Scale score of 3 signals a newborn's conditionA. is excellent.B. is good.C. may result in developmental difficulties.D. critical and that the baby may not survive.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Apgar Scale107. Renee's baby was born just minutes ago, and the doctor is checking the baby with the Apgar Scale. Renee's baby is being checked for herA. heart rate and respiratory effort.B. muscle tone and body color.C. reflex irritability.D. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Apgar Scale108. The designation of preterm is determined byA. the ratio of weight at birth to the time of gestation.B. occurrence of birth a minimum amount of time before full term is reached.C. the weight at birth.D. the time period of gestation plus weight.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants109. Baby Alec was born during his mother's 38th week of pregnancy and weighed 5 lbs 2 oz. He is consideredA. to be preterm.B. to have low birth weight.C. to have very low birth weight.D. to be large for the date.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants110. Twins Diego and Demare were delivered during their mother's 34th week of pregnancy and weighed 4 lbs 3 oz and 4 lbs 15 oz, respectively. They are consideredA. preterm and low birth weight.B. term and low birth weight.C. term and small for date.D. preterm and very low birth weight.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants111. Angie was born after 40 weeks of gestation and weighed 4 pounds. Angie is consideredA. preterm.B. large for date.C. low birth weight.D. very low birth weight.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants112. Tamara delivered her babies preterm. All of the following are possible reasons for the preterm delivery EXCEPTA. Tamara was pregnant with triplets.B. Tamara was 43 years old.C. Tamara's tobacco use.D. Tamara had low stress.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants113. According to Tiffany Field's research, what can increase weight gain, alertness, and activity in preterm infants?A. massage therapyB. letting a mother be the first to hold the babyC. breast feedingD. visual stimulationAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants114. Define natural selection and adaptive behavior.
Natural selection is the evolutionary process that favors individuals of a species that are best adapted to survive and reproduce.Adaptive behavior promotes an organism's survival in its natural habitat.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Adaptive BehaviorTopic: Natural Selection115. Describe evolutionary psychology.
Evolutionary psychology emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" in shaping behavior. Evolution favors certain behaviors that can increase chances for reproductive success.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolutionary Psychology116. Evolution has not weeded out many harmful conditions that have their onset in old age. Give a possible reason for this.
Natural selection operates primarily on characteristics that are tied to reproductive fitness.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.Topic: Evolutionary PsychologyTopic: Natural Selection117. Briefly discuss the relationships among human chromosomes, DNA, and genes.
Each human cell contains 46 chromosomes that come in 23 pairs. Chromosomes contain DNA, a complex molecule containing genetic information. Genes are short segments of DNA.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes118. Why is genetic variability in the population valuable?
Genetic variability provides more characteristics for natural selection to operate on.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes119. Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype.
Genotype is all of a person’s genetic material. Phenotype is the way an individual's genotype is expressed in observable and psychological characteristics.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Genes120. Explain the dominant-recessive genes principle, and give an example of a dominant characteristic that rules over its recessive counterpart.
The dominant-recessive genes principle: If one gene in a pair is dominant and one is recessive, the dominant gene exerts its effect and overrides the potential influence of the recessive gene. The recessive gene only expresses itself if the two genes of a pair are both recessive.Example: In genes that determine hair color, dark brown is dominant and blonde is recessive.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Dominant-Recessive Genes121. Describe the chromosomal abnormality of two sex-linked syndromes.
Klinefelter syndrome—occurs in males when there is an extra X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.Fragile X syndrome—abnormality in the X chromosome that becomes constricted and often breaks.Turner syndrome—occurs in females when one of the X chromosomes is missing (making them XO instead of XX) or when the second X chromosome is partially deleted.
XYY syndrome—occurs in males when there is an extra Y chromosome, making them XYY instead of XY.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.Topic: Sex-Linked Genes122. How might the results from a twin study be misinterpreted?
The environments of identical twins may be more similar than those of fraternal twins. Environmental influences might get overlooked when results are interpreted.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Behavior Genetics123. Describe the three types of heredity-environment correlations, and give an example of each.
Passive genotype-environment correlations occur because biological parents provide a rearing environment for the child. (Any example of a parent(s) providing opportunities for their child(ren) for which the parent(s) may have a predisposed biological ability or preference.)Evocative genotype-environment correlations occur when a child's genetically-shaped characteristics elicit certain types of physical and social environments. (Any example of a child's natural abilities or personality characteristics evoking certain reactions from parents.)Active (niche-picking) genotype-environment correlations occur when children seek out environments that they find compatible or stimulating. (Any example of a child preferring and choosing certain settings, friends, and activities.)
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Active Genotype-Environment CorrelationsTopic: Evocative Genotype-Environment CorrelationsTopic: Passive Genotype-Environment Correlations124. Describe what constitutes the postpartum period.
The postpartum period generally lasts for about six weeks after birth—or until the mother’s body has almost returned completely to a nearly pregnant state. During the postpartum period, the mother adjusts physically and psychologically to the process of childbearing.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: The Postpartum Period125. Describe the potential treatments for postpartum depression and their effectiveness.
At least one study has shown that less than half of women who experience postpartum depression seek help. For those that do, several antidepressant drugs have shown to be effective both for breast-feeding women and their newborns. Regular exercise may help to relieve the symptoms of postpartum depression. Psychotherapy has also been shown to benefit those suffering from postpartum depression.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: The Postpartum Period126. Describe an epigenetic view of development.
Development is the result of an ongoing bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment. Developmental outcome is not determined by a certain percentage of heredity and a certain percentage of environment. Genetic expression happens throughout the lifespan.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development.Topic: Epigenetic View127. List three developmental characteristics or events from each of the germinal, embryonic, and fetal periods of prenatal development.
Germinal-takes place in first 2 weeks after conception.-includes creation of a zygote.-rapid cell division begins.-cell differentiation begins.Embryonic-occurs from 2 to 8 weeks after conception.-zygote attaches to the uterine wall.-rate of cell differentiation intensifies.-support systems for cells form.-organs appear.-endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm develop.-organogenesis occurs.-amnion, umbilical cord and placenta form and begin to function.Fetal-begins 2 months after conception and lasts for 7 months.-fetus becomes active, moving limbs, head, and opening and closing mouth.-face, forehead, eyelids, nose, and chin are distinguishable.-genitals can be identified as male or female (in most cases).-rapid growth and weight gain.-prenatal reflexes become stronger.-skin structures form.-organ function intensifies.-fatty tissues develop.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic PeriodTopic: Fetal PeriodTopic: Germinal Period128. Describe the three layers of cells that develop at the beginning of the embryonic period.
Endoderm: the inner layer of cells, which will develop into the digestive and respiratory systemsEctoderm: the outermost layer, which will become the nervous system, sensory receptors (e.g., ear, nose, and eyes), and skin parts (e.g., hair and nails)Mesoderm: the middle layer, which will become the circulatory system, bones, muscle, excretory system, and reproductive system.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Embryonic Period129. Describe four prenatal diagnostic tests and when they are administered.
Ultrasound sonography: high-frequency sound waves are directed into the pregnant woman's abdomen to assess growth and development; can be given anytime during pregnancy. Fetal MRI is used to diagnose fetal malformations. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) uses a powerful magnet and radio waves to generate detailed images of the body's organs and structures. This provides more detailed images than ultrasound. In many instances, ultrasound will indicate a possible abnormality and fetal MRI will then be used to obtain a clearer, more detailed image. Among the fetal malformations that fetal MRI may be able to detect better than ultrasound sonography are certain central nervous system, chest, gastrointestinal, genital/urinary, and placental abnormalities.
Chorionic villus sampling: a small sample of the placenta is removed, given between the 10th and 12th week of pregnancy.
Amniocentesis: a sample of amniotic fluid is withdrawn by syringe to determine if any chromosomal or metabolic disorders are present in the developing fetus, given between the 15th and 18th weeks of pregnancy.
Maternal blood test: blood is drawn and tested to determine if the pregnancy has a higher risk for defects such as spina bifida and Down syndrome, as well as congenital heart disease risk for children. The test is given between the 16th and 18th week of pregnancy.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Prenatal Diagnostic Tests130. Define a teratogen and list five teratogens.
A teratogen is any agent that can cause a birth defect. Teratogens include, but are not limited to, nicotine, alcohol, heroin, caffeine, toxins (such as lead and various pollutants), cocaine, marijuana, some prescription and nonprescription drugs, infectious diseases, radiation, and others.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Teratogen131. Discuss three conditions that affect the severity of the damage and/or type of birth defects teratogens may cause.
Dose: The greater the dose of a teratogenic agent, the greater its effect.Genetic susceptibility: Genotypes of the woman and of the embryo or fetus influence the effect of a given teratogen.Time of exposure: Teratogens do more damage at some points in development than others.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Teratogen132. Define fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), and list two possible abnormalities that can occur as a result.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are a cluster of abnormalities that appear in the offspring of mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy. Abnormalities include: (1) facial deformities, (2) defective limbs, face, and heart (3) learning problems, (4) below-average intelligence, (5) intellectual disability.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Alcohol133. Explain three effects of nicotine on fetal development.
Nicotine use by the mother when pregnant can lead to the following problems in the fetus or infant: (1) respiratory problems, (2) poor language and cognitive development, (3) low birth weight, (4) preterm births, (5) a higher incidence of fetal and neonatal deaths, and a (6) higher incidence of SIDS.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Nicotine134. What are the three ways that a mother infected with HIV may transmit the virus to her offspring?
1. during gestation across the placenta2. during delivery through contact with maternal blood or fluids3. after birth through breast-feeding
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Diseases135. What are the three possible outcomes for a child born to a mother infected with HIV?
1. infected and symptomatic2. infected and asymptomatic3. not infected
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Maternal Diseases136. List three environmental hazards that can endanger the fetus.
1. radiation2. toxic wastes3. other chemical pollutants
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Environmental Hazards137. List three paternal factors that can influence fetal development.
1. exposure to radiation2. exposure to lead3. exposure to certain pesticides4. exposure to petrochemicals5. smoking
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards.Topic: Paternal Factors138. List two characteristics of each of the three stages of birth.
First Stage:-longest of the three stages-uterine contractions begin-cervix stretches and opensSecond Stage:-lasts an average of 45 minutes to one hour-baby's head starts to move through the cervix and the birth canal-baby completely emerges from the mother's bodyThird Stage (or afterbirth):-shortest of the three stages-placenta, umbilical cord, and other membranes are detached and expelled
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Stages of Birth139. What would necessitate a cesarean delivery?
If the baby is in a breech position, a cesarean delivery is usually performed because a breech birth can cause respiratory problems for the baby.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Caesarean Delivery140. List four of the five health signs evaluated by the Apgar Scale.
1. heart rate2. respiratory effort3. muscle tone4. body color5. reflex irritability
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Apgar Scale141. Define low birth weight, preterm, and small for date infants.
Low birth weight infants weigh less than 5½ pounds at birth.Preterm infants are those born three weeks or more before pregnancy has reached full term (35 or fewer weeks after conception).Small for date infants may be preterm or full term and have a below-normal weight for their gestational age.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants142. List three possible consequences of low birth weight.
-brain damage-learning problems or disabilities-attention hyperactivity deficit disorder-autism spectrum disorders-breathing problems
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Consequences of Low Birth Weight143. Discuss three points in the issue of bonding between mother and newborn.
-Bonding is the formation of a connection between parent and newborn.-Sometimes hospital conditions can interfere with bonding (pain drugs make the mother drowsy, separation of mother and newborn after delivery, preterm infants may be isolated from the mother, etc.).-Some physicians believe that parent and child need to form an emotional attachment shortly after birth in order for optimal development in years to come.-The extreme form of the bonding hypothesis—that a newborn absolutely must have close contact with the mother in the first few days of life to develop optimally—is simply not true.-Many hospitals offer rooming-in arrangements in which a baby can remain in the mother's room most of the time during its hospital stay.
Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: AnalyzeDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period.Topic: Bonding
Category # of Questions
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 143
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology 46
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains 141
APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology 28
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analyze 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply 26
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember 78
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand 39
Difficulty Level: Basic 80
Difficulty Level: Difficult 9
Difficulty Level: Moderate 54
Learning Objective: Characterize the course of prenatal development and its hazards. 54
Learning Objective: Describe what genes are and how they influence human development. 32
Learning Objective: Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development. 13
Learning Objective: Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual differences in development. 20
Learning Objective: Summarize how birth takes place and describe the nature of the postpartum period. 24
Topic: Active Genotype-Environment Correlations 4
Topic: Adaptive Behavior 1
Topic: Alcohol 3
Topic: Apgar Scale 3
Topic: Behavior Genetics 4
Topic: Bonding 1
Topic: Caesarean Delivery 4
Topic: Chorionic Villus Sampling 1
Topic: Cocaine 1
Topic: Consequences of Low Birth Weight 1
Topic: Dominant-Recessive Genes 4
Topic: Down Syndrome 1
Topic: Embryonic Period 11
Topic: Emotional States and Stress 2
Topic: Environmental Hazards 1
Topic: Epigenetic View 5
Topic: Evocative Genotype-Environment Correlations 3
Topic: Evolution and Life-Span Development 2
Topic: Evolutionary Developmental Psychology 2
Topic: Evolutionary Psychology 5
Topic: Fertilization 1
Topic: Fetal Period 4
Topic: Gene-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities 3
Topic: Genes 13
Topic: Germinal Period 4
Topic: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants 7
Topic: Maternal Age 2
Topic: Maternal Blood Screening 1
Topic: Maternal Diet and Nutrition 1
Topic: Maternal Diseases 5
Topic: Medication 1
Topic: Meiosis 2
Topic: Mitosis 2
Topic: Natural and Prepared Childbirth 2
Topic: Natural Selection 5
Topic: Nicotine 3
Topic: Nonshared Environmental Influences 1
Topic: Passive Genotype-Environment Correlations 5
Topic: Paternal Factors 2
Topic: Polygenic Inheritance 1
Topic: Prenatal Brain Development 4
Topic: Prenatal Care 2
Topic: Prenatal Diagnostic Tests 1
Topic: Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs 3
Topic: Sex-Linked Chromosomal Abnormalities 4
Topic: Sex-Linked Genes 2
Topic: Stages of Birth 3
Topic: Teratogen 5
Topic: The Postpartum Period 2
Document Information
Connected Book
Topical Lifespan Development 9e Complete Test Bank
By John Santrock