Verified Test Bank Stimulating Beverages Chapter.16 8e

Plants and Society, 8e (Levetin)

Chapter 16 Stimulating Beverages

1) Caffeine belongs to a class of chemicals called ________.

A) alkaloids

B) flavonoids

C) theobromines

D) tannins

E) cannabinoids

2) Caffeine's main physiological effect in humans is on the ________ system.

A) peripheral nervous

B) central nervous

C) endocrine

D) lymphatic

E) circulatory

3) Caffeine is a common additive in which of the following?

A) Many soft drinks

B) Energy drinks

C) Medications

D) "energy shots"

E) All of the above are correct.

4) How does caffeine improve athletic performance?

A) It sends more nerve impulses to muscles.

B) It causes the body to burn more fat for energy.

C) It stimulates mitochondria to produce more ATP.

D) It directly speeds up muscle contractions.

E) It acts like a neurotransmitter that takes over the cerebral cortex.

5) Which of the following is not a known effect of caffeine?

A) Caffeine enhances the pain-relieving effects of aspirin and acetaminophen.

B) Caffeine can serve as an appetite suppressant.

C) Caffeine is a very strong antidiuretic.

D) Caffeine may provide protection from unknown harmful environmental agents.

E) Caffeine in coffee significantly lowers the incidence of Parkinson's disease.

6) There is conclusive evidence that moderate caffeine intake by humans can cause ________.

A) birth defects

B) infertility

C) lower birth weights

D) mental retardation

E) None of the above is correct.

7) Which of the following has more caffeine per once than the others?

A) Bed Bull

B) Coca Cola

C) Monster Energy

D) Rockstar

E) Espresso

8) For what purpose do plants produce alkaloids?

A) to discourage animals from eating their unripe fruit

B) to prevent frost damage by hardening their cells

C) to deter herbaceous insects

D) to attract pollinators

E) to stimulate root growth

9) What effect does caffeine have on the circulatory system?

A) It causes the heart to pump slowly and thus more efficiently.

B) It enhances the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in capillaries.

C) It reduces blood flow in veins that service the heart.

D) It causes blood vessels in the brain to constrict.

E) It reduces blood flow to the brain.

10) Which of the following is true about the effects of drinking coffee?

A) Drinking coffee may reduce the incidence of heart disease.

B) Drinking coffee reduces the amount of the neurotransmitter dopamine.

C) Drinking coffee increases susceptibility to Parkinson's disease.

D) Drinking coffee enhances the symptoms of type 2 diabetes.

E) Drinking coffee has none of these effects.

11) Which of the following is the antioxidant found in coffee, tea, and chocolate that may reduce the incidence of cancer and slow the process of aging?

A) glutathione

B) flavonoid

C) melatonin

D) tocophenol

E) catalase

12) The newest method of decaffeination is which of the following?

A) ethyl acetate

B) swiss-Water decaffeination method

C) supercritical carbon dioxide process

D) steam washing at 400°F

E) One of the above is correct.

13) The insurance underwriting firm, Lloyd's of London, began in which of the following locations?

A) chocolate shop.

B) tea parlor.

C) coffeehouse.

D) tea plantation.

E) restaurant.

14) Coffee trees are native to which country?

A) Yemen.

B) Sri Lanka.

C) Java.

D) Ethiopia.

E) Brazil.

15) The pathogen (coffee rust) that has devastated coffee crops historically and more recently is ________.

A) Phytopthora infestans

B) Monilliophthora roreri

C) Crinipellis pernicisosa

D) Tricoderma spp

E) Hemileia vastatrix

16) All of the following are pathogens of cacao except one. Choose the exception.

A) Phytopthora infestans

B) Monilliophthora roreri

C) Crinipellis pernicisosa

D) Hemileia vastatrix

E) None of the above is a pathogen of cacao.

17) A variety of coffee tree resistant to coffee rust is which of the following?

A) Castillo.

B) Arabica.

C) Oolong.

D) Canephora.

E) Liberica.

18) Which of the following is(are) correct?

A) The term "cappuccino" came about because the frothed milk resembled the hood of Capuchin friars.

B) Coffee trees grown in the sun actually have higher yields.

C) Sun coffee plantations may have serious impacts on biodiversity in the Neotropics such as Costa Rica.

D) The coffee trade is worth 19 billion per year.

E) All of the above are correct.

19) This plant produces clusters of small, white flowers, its fruit is a berry called a "cherry," and it is a small evergreen tree. What is this plant?

A) coffee

B) tea

C) chocolate

D) coca

E) Could be any of these. The description given matches all four.

20) What part of the coffee pericarp is used to make coffee?

A) the entire pericarp

B) just the seeds

C) just the mesocarp

D) the endocarp and seed

E) the entire pericarp except the exocarp

21) What is not correct about the growth requirements of coffee trees?

A) They grow best in relatively cool conditions.

B) They require around 200 cm of rainfall per year.

C) They require short periods of frost to yield large amounts of fruit.

D) They require a juvenile period of between 3 and 5 years before they begin fruiting.

E) They are not an invasive species.

22) A method recently developed turns coffee pulp into ________.

A) garden compost

B) biofuel

C) a new beverage tasting similar to coffee

D) flour

E) nitrogen fertilizer

23) Light roasted coffees are typically ________ and ________.

A) milder; sweeter

B) milder; less sweet

C) stronger; sweeter

D) stronger; less sweet

E) None of the above is correct.

24) Which one of the following is(are) correct?

A) Twenty-five million farmers worldwide grow coffee.

B) Farmers may be forced to sell their coffee to middlemen for only 25 cents per pound.

C) Fair Trade certified coffee is an international attempt to maintain reasonable coffee prices for farmers.

D) The Fairtrade Labeling Organization is an umbrella organization designed to set international fair-trade standards.

E) All of the above are correct.

25) Which of the following is not correct about dark roasted coffees?

A) They are produced at higher temperatures than light roasts.

B) They have a higher caffeine concentration than light roasts.

C) The dark color of dark roasts is from carbonization.

D) Dark roasts are less sweet than light roasts.

E) Some Coffea species are higher in caffeine than others.

26) Coffee fruit for this variety of coffee is first passed through the digestive system of a civet. This variety of coffee is which of the following?

A) Jamaica Blue Mountain.

B) Robusta.

C) Kopi luwak.

D) Coffea canephora.

E) Arabica.

27) The choicest and mildest coffee is produced by which of the following?

A) Coffea canephora.

B) Coffea liberica.

C) Coffea Castillo.

D) Coffea arabica.

E) None of the above is correct.

28) All of the following compounds have been used in the decaffeination process except one. Choose the exception.

A) carbon dioxide.

B) ethyl acetate.

C) methylene chloride.

D) hydrochloric acid.

E) cardiac glycosides.

29) Which of the following is not correct about shade grown coffees?

A) They have higher yields than sun grown coffee.

B) They are important shelters for birds.

C) They require less chemical input.

D) There is less erosion in shade grown coffee plantations.

E) None of the above is correct.

30) What tea is used in the Japanese Tea Ceremony?

A) chai

B) green

C) white

D) oolong

E) black

31) Which of the following is not correct?

A) Tea is made from the dried tip leaves of Camellia sinensis.

B) Tea is a shrub or small tree that grows from sea level to over 6,000 feet.

C) In Japan, the tea ceremony represents a concept that universal truths lie in simple tasks.

D) Chia is a sweet and spicy tea drink from India.

E) Green teas are always fermented to reduce the alcohol content.

32) Which of the following teas is fully fermented?

A) chai

B) green

C) white

D) oolong

E) black

33) For the most superior teas, what part of the tea plant is harvested?

A) the oldest, lower leaves

B) leaves on the outer branches

C) the top two leaves and terminal buds

D) axillary buds and the three lowest leaves

E) All of the tea plant is harvested.

34) This tea is brewed from young leaves covered with trichomes. This tea is called ________ tea.

A) chai

B) green

C) white

D) oolong

E) black

35) Small leaf oolong teas are called

A) orange pekoe.

B) souchong.

C) chai.

D) Earl Grey.

E) jasmine.

36) Which of the following is not a compound normally found in tea?

A) theanine

B) tannin

C) thiol

D) bergamot

E) All of these compounds are found normally in tea.

37) These compounds, found in tea, are thought to inhibit the eating of leaves of the plant by herbivores.

A) alkaloids

B) tannins

C) flavonoids

D) theanines

E) theobromines

38) The relaxing effects of tea are due to the compound,

A) theophylline.

B) theol.

C) theanine.

D) tannin.

E) theobromine.

39) What event caused the British to become tea drinkers?

A) the coffee rust epidemic of the late 19th century

B) the 1773 Boston Tea Party in the British colonies

C) the colonization of India by the British during the 18th century

D) the opium wars in China in the mid-1800s

E) the Korean War

40) Which of the following is(are) correct?

A) There are many beneficial health effects associated with drinking tea.

B) The stimulating effects of tea are due to the caffeine and theophylline present in the leaf.

C) The East India Company hoped to monopolize the colonial tea trade by underselling the colonial tea merchant.

D) The Boston Tea Party took place in 1773.

E) All of the above are correct.

41) The original chocolate beverage invented by the Aztec, had which of the following additives?

A) bergamot

B) ginger

C) jasmine

D) chili pepper

E) nutmeg

42) Because they were barred from so many professions in England, ________ turned to chocolate manufacturing.

A) Catholics

B) Quakers

C) Jews

D) Amish

E) Scientologists

43) Which of the following is not a commonly grown variety of cacao?

A) criollo

B) forastero

C) castillo

D) trinitario

E) flan

44) The first chocolate bar was created by whom?

A) Joseph Fry

B) Henri Nestle

C) Milton Hershey

D) John Cadbury

E) Johnny Cash

45) The compound in chocolate that imparts that "loving feeling" is which of the following?

A) theobromine.

B) stearic acid.

C) urushiol.

D) phenylethylamine.

E) theophylline

46) Which of the following is a beneficial fungus used as a biocontrol to reduce the incidence of fungal diseases in Theobroma cacao?

A) Monilliophthora

B) Tricoderma

C) Crinipellis

D) Camellia

E) Hemileia

47) What part of the cacao plant is prepared into cocoa?

A) the pod pulp

B) the leaves

C) the seeds

D) the root

E) the entire pod

48) After harvesting, what process follows that gives chocolate its taste and aroma?

A) withering

B) thrashing

C) boiling

D) fermenting

E) None of the above is correct.

49) What part of the cacao seed is used to produce chocolate liquor?

A) the cotyledons

B) the seed coat

C) the embryo

D) the entire seed

E) the hypocotyl

50) All of the following botanical terms are paired correctly with terms they are more commonly called except one. Choose the exception.

A) coffee berries :: cherries

B) coffee seeds :: beans

C) cacao fat :: butter

D) cacao cotyledons :: nibs

E) cacao seeds :: berries

51) Cocoa powder is made from removing ________ from the ________.

A) nibs; seeds

B) pulp; beans

C) cocoa butter; liquor

D) seeds; pods

E) pith; coco

52) Which of the following in not a result of dutching cocoa powder?

A) acidity is neutralized

B) solubility is increased

C) the color darkens

D) flavor is enhanced

E) destroys many of cacao's antioxidants

53) Which of the following processes is not associated with chocolate or cocoa production?

A) conching

B) carmelizing

C) fermenting

D) "dutching"

E) percolating

54) What was used as a tea substitute in the South during the Civil War?

A) yaupon holly

B) yerba mate

C) thea

D) coca cola

E) coffee

55) In processing green teas, ________ takes place right after the leaves are picked.

A) steaming

B) withering

C) fermentation

D) crushing

E) drying

56) The flavor and aroma of coffee depends on the size of the berry.

57) In studies, coffee drinkers have been shown to have a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes.

58) Coffee houses are first known from Vienna.

59) The residual pulp clinging to the coffee beans is allowed to "ferment" prior to washing.

60) The disease which historically had the greatest impact on coffee production is coffee blight.

61) A cherry is another name for a cacao pod.

62) The most common method of producing instant coffee is spray drying.

63) Reactions occurring during roasting at high temperatures involve the release of substances such as the essential oil chamomile, which gives coffee its characteristic aroma.

64) Environmentally and ecologically, sun grown coffee trees are preferred over shade grown coffee trees.

65) Tea is the world's most popular beverage.

66) Paraguay tea was a true tea substitute consumed in the southern United States during the Civil War blockade.

67) In the production of chocolate liquor, the nibs of the cacao seed are used.