Chapter 6: Child Psychological Maltreatment

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Why does child psychological maltreatment result in less attention than other forms of abuse?

a. results in less harm

b. least destructive form of abuse

c. hard to define

d. results in less observable harm

2. CPM:

a. is one individual form of abuse.

b. is a result of sexual abuse.

c. is a result of physical abuse.

d. can be a component of all other forms of maltreatment and can also stand alone.

3. In addition to sexually abusing his step-daughter, Jake also groomed her by convincing his victim that this was a natural way for parents to show love to their children. What is this an example of?

a. the negative consequences of sexual abuse

b. how CPM accompanies other forms of abuse

c. how CPM is a separate form of abuse

d. grooming always accompanies CSA

4. Which of the following is NOT a term used to refer to the most common form of child abuse?

a. psychological maltreatment

b. emotional abuse

c. mental abuse

d. CPM

5. Tara ties her daughter up at night while she goes out. What is this an example of?

a. act of commission

b. act of omission

c. act of elicitation

d. act of contrition

6. When Jacob does not achieve straight As on his report card, his parents do not speak to him until his grades have pulled back up. What is this an example of?

a. act of commission

b. act of omission

c. act of elicitation

d. act of contrition

7. What are the primary factors of CPM that distinguish it from nonabusive dysfunctional parenting?

a. intentional, severe, and physical harm

b. chronic, severe, and escalating

c. chronic, severe, and intentional

d. intentional, physical harm, and escalating

8. Judy was sexually abused by her babysitter, and as a result experiences depression and anxiety. What is this an example of?

a. CPM only

b. sexual abuse only

c. physical abuse only

d. CPM and sexual abuse

9. Which of the following behavior and consequence pairings cannot be labeled as CPM?

a. physical behavior and physical consequences

b. physical behavior and nonphysical consequences

c. nonphysical behavior and physical consequences

d. nonphysical behavior and nonphysical consequences

10. Which of the following CPM subtypes is the more recent ninth type?

a. rejecting

b. degrading

c. missocializing

d. parental inconsistency

11. Which of the following is NOT one of the parental behaviors that constitute CPM, as outlined by APSAC?

a. spurning

b. exploiting

c. screaming

d. isolating

12. Wolfe and McIsaac examine CPM as a ______.

a. matrix

b. list of behaviors

c. list of consequences

d. continuum

13. Which of the following is NOT a criticism of CPM classification systems?

a. The subtypes are not mutually exclusive.

b. They do not include normative behavior on a continuum.

c. Some subtypes defined by their outcomes.

d. There is not general conceptual agreement across subtypes.

14. At up to what percentage are IPV and child maltreatment found to co-occur in families?

a. 26%

b. 43%

c. 67%

d. 82%

15. What percentage of children have been found to be exposed to IPV over their lifetimes?

a. 10%

b. 25%

c. 30%

d. 40%

16. Researchers believe exposure to IPV should be labeled as ______.

a. an act of commission

b. an act of omission

c. both an act of commission and omission

d. either an act of commission or an act of omission

17. How many states in the United States mention exposure to IPV in their state statues?

a. 12

b. 15

c. 24

d. 34

18. Which of the following is NOT a reason that criminalizing exposure to IPV can be a bad idea?

a. It overwhelms the CPA system.

b. It deters adults IPV victims from seeking help.

c. It leads to mandatory reporting of many IPV situations.

d. It leads to harsher punishments for those who commit IPV.

19. Who is viewed as culpable in exposing the child to IPV?

a. the abuser

b. the parent victim

c. both parties

d. differs depending on state and agency

20. Why is it problematic to state that victims are “engaging” in domestic violence?

a. It suggests being active.

b. It denies passivity.

c. It suggests consent to abuse.

d. It lays blame for abuse.

21. Which of the following is NOT one of the three tenants Edleson suggests considering when deciding if exposure to IPV should be criminalized?

a. CPS should be involved in all cases of IPV where children are present.

b. Exposure should not automatically be defined as CPM.

c. Families would benefit from voluntary intervention programs.

d. Some children who have been exposed should be referred to CPS.

22. How many court cases have addressed CPM without accompanying another form of child abuse?

a. none

b. few

c. many

d. a lot

23. Which is mentioned less frequently in state statutes about CPM?

a. observable harm

b. acts of commission

c. acts of omission

d. demonstration of harm

24. At what level are laws made about CPM?

a. local

b. state

c. national

d. international

25. Which form of violence against children is the least reported?

a. sexual abuse

b. physical abuse

c. neglect

d. psychological maltreatment

26. Which form of child abuse is the least substantiated?

a. sexual abuse

b. physical abuse

c. neglect

d. psychological maltreatment

27. What percentage of reported maltreatment cases are CPM?

a. 2%

b. 6%

c. 17%

d. 48%

28. Which form of CPM has recently been on the rise?

a. emotional abuse

b. emotional neglect

c. mental abuse

d. mental neglect

29. The National Family Violence Survey found that ______ of parents reported insulting or swearing at their children.

a. 22%

b. 45%

c. 62%

d. 78%

30. The NatSCEV I found that CPM was the most frequently reported form of child maltreatment, with ______ having experienced CPM at some point in their lives.

a. 12%

b. 28%

c. 34%

d. 55%

31. Rates of CPM ______ with age.

a. increase

b. decrease

c. stay the same

d. cannot determine

32. Girls are at __________ risk for CPM than boys.

a. a greater

b. a lesser

c. an equal

d. difficult to determine

33. According to the NIS-4, which racial group is at lesser risk for emotional abuse?

a. white children

b. black children

c. Hispanic children

d. cannot determine

34. Who is primarily responsible for committing CPM?

a. nonparent relatives

b. stepparents

c. babysitters

d. biological parents

35. Who is more likely to commit emotional neglect?

a. females

b. males

c. males and females are equally as likely

d. cannot determine

36. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for abusive parents?

a. depression

b. poor coping skills

c. greater levels of perceived stress

d. history of child sexual abuse

37. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for CPM on the family and community level?

a. low SES

b. single parent families

c. communities with large murder rates

d. larger family size

38. What attachment issues are psychologically maltreated children at higher risk for?

a. extreme attachment

b. insecure attachment

c. lack of attachment

d. hyperattachment

39. Which of the following is a short-term consequence for victims of CPM in the interpersonal realm?

a. trouble making friends

b. violence

c. learning difficulties

d. sleep disturbances

40. Which forms of abuse are associated with paranoid, schizoid, and avoidant personality disorders?

a. commission

b. omission

c. equally both

d. cannot determine

41. Which of the following is NOT a long-term effect of CPM?

a. suicidal thoughts

b. alcohol problems

c. high instances of criminal activity

d. mental disorders

42. What has been identified as a mediating factor between verbal abuse and depression and anxiety symptoms?

a. supportive parent

b. strong friend attachment

c. weak community services

d. self-criticism

43. In what area do efforts to stop primarily reside CPM reside?

a. the law

b. separation of children from offending parents

c. public education

d. criminal prosecution

44. Which of the following is NOT a domain for treatment of CPM?

a. intrapersonal

b. interpersonal

c. memories

d. behavior and emotional

45. Which of the following is NOT a method of intervention for children who must remain in the home where CPM is taking place?

a. coping skills

b. manage anger

c. address self-blame

d. enhance self-esteem

46. Interventions for psychologically maltreating parents is based on what theory?

a. CPM theory

b. attachment theory

c. insensitivity theory

d. harm theory

47. What can teachers provide for children who suffer from CPM?

a. secure attachment

b. examples of appropriate adult-child relationships

c. emotional support

d. a safe space

48. Which of the following is NOT a core element of the public health model for addressing CPM?

a. increase awareness about positive parenting

b. increase awareness about healthy child development

c. provide community support for young parents

d. increase awareness about the risks of CPM

49. Which of the following is a national campaign designed to eliminate verbal violence, curb gossip, and promote the healing power of words?

a. Words not Fists

b. Words Can Heal

c. Healing Words Help

d. Helping Words

50. Which of the following is the premier professional group focusing on CPM?

a. The American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children

b. Professionals against Child Psychological Maltreatment

c. Psychologists against Child Abuse

d. The American Society of Psychologists against Abuse

1. CPM might be the most harmful of all the forms of child maltreatment.

2. Physical behaviors that result in psychological consequences for the child are a part of CPM.

3. Research supports the distinctions between subtypes of CPM.

4. Many researchers suggest that exposure to IPV is its own form of CPM.

5. If drug and alcohol use are included in the definition of CMP, then prevalence rates jump to upwards of 20%.

6. Data concludes that CPM is most likely the most underreported form of child maltreatment.

7. The knowledge about risk factors associated with CPM is strong and based on data.

8. There are relatively few intervention and prevention efforts developed specifically for CPM.

9. Studies have confirmed the effectiveness of these intervention strategies for CPM.

10. There is no literature showing that interventions prevent CPM.

1. Why is basing CPM on a standard of harm problematic?

2. What are the eight subtypes of CPM?

3. Short-term effects of CPM occur in three main areas. What are they?

4. What are the three domains that CPM intervention focus on?

5. Why are schools an important place to consider when it comes to intervention and prevention of CPM?