Verified Test Bank Ch1 Families Coping With Change A

Chapter 1: Families Coping With Change: A Conceptual Overview

Multiple Choice

1. Disturbance in and pressure on the family system is referred to as

a. Change

b. Stress

c. Development

d. Fluidity

Answer location: Introduction, p.4

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

2. The earliest studies of stress focused on the impact of stress on

a. Chemical imbalances

b. Individuals’ emotional well-being

c. On physiological functioning

d. Social well-being

Answer Location: p.4, The Study of Family Stress and Change

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

3. The study of family stress and change evolved to include perspectives from multiple disciplines. An example of how a perspective conceptualizes stress would be to study the family as they move through stages of change.

a. Developmental

b. Psychosocial

c. Environmental

d. Psychological

Answer Location: The Study of Family Stress and Change, p. 5

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

4. In studying stress, conceptualizing the family as a unit who grow and develop within a wider social system describes a(n)

a. Social learning perspective

b. Psychosocial perspective

c. Developmental perspective

d. Ecological systems perspective

Answer Location: Family Stress Theory, p. 6

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

5. Reuben Hill’s model of family stress, ABC-X Model, grew out of his work with

a. Veterans and their families

b. Survivors of natural disasters

c. Survivors of terrorist bombings

d. Individuals and their families who experienced sudden death of a family member

Answer Location: ABC-X Model, p.6

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

6. Ms. Landau lost another job, her third within 2 years. She feels hopeless and discouraged and decides that she is just not employable. This is an example of which dimension of family stressor events?

a. Internal vs. external

b. Perceived insolvable vs. perceived solvable

c. Pervasive vs. bounded

d. Precipitate onset vs. gradual onset

Answer Location: Ten Dimensions of Family Stressor Events (Table 1.1), p. 8

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

7. Characteristics of normative stressors include all but

a. Normative stressors are long term

b. Normative stressors are predictable in the family lifecycle

c. Normative stressors lead to crisis if the family fails to adapt

d. Normative stressors disturb the system’s equilibrium

Answer Location: Stressor Events, p. 9

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

8. James was deployed to Iraq and was reported missing in action. His parents have recently decided to separate, his youngest sister has been truant for a significant portion of the school year, and in general they are experiencing extreme stress. This is an example of:

a. An isolated vs. accumulated stressor

b. A clear-cut stressor

c. A developmental stressor

d. An ambiguous loss stressor

Answer Location: Stressor Events, p. 9

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

9. The following is an example of ambiguous loss

a. Being emotionally absent and emotionally lost

b. Being physically present and physically distant

c. Being emotionally absent and physically present

d. Being physically and emotionally present

Answer Location: Stressor Events, p. 9

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

10. Family resources moderate the impact of a stressor event. This means that:

a. Resources buffer the impact of stress on a family

b. Resources prevent the family from experiencing stress

c. Resources prevent the family from having the stress turn to crisis

d. Resources are inconsequential to the level of stress a family experiences

Answer Location: Resources, p. 10

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

11.Cohesion and adaptability are examples of:

a. Couples’ adjustment to change

b. Developmental resources

c. Family system resources

d. Micro-level resources

Answer Location: Resources, p. 10

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

12. Social support as a resource refers to

a. Support from social service agencies

b. Support from social security

c. Support from the environment

d. Support from interpersonal relationships

Answer Location: Resources, p. 10

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

13. Research suggests that a family’s a stressor event may be the most important component in determining an individual’s or family’s response to a stressor event.

a. Perception of

b. Life stage development at the time of

c. Resources during

d. Environmental context at the time of

Answer Location: Definition of the Event, p. 11

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

14.A parent loses his or her job and feels hopeless. As a result, he or she does not look for another job because he or she assumes that it will continue to happen over and over again. This is an example of

a. Welfare fraud

b. Resistance

c. Learned helplessness

d. Poor problem solving

Answer Location: Definition of the Event

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

15. Factors that can influence families’ perceptions in a stressful situation include all but

a. Cognitive attributional style

b. Spirituality

c. Culture

d. Income

Answer Location, Definition of the Event, p. 11

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

16. The Dowell family has been adjusting to the loss of their youngest child, Lindsay, to cancer. Friends and family surrounded them all throughout Lindsay’s short illness, and the community held benefits to help the family with medical costs. Ms. Dowell spoke to a gathering of friends and community members and said, “We knew that we would get through this hard, sad time because we were not alone and feel that our bond as a family has been strengthened by this loss”. This belief system is referred to as

a. Fatalistic orientation

b. Strengths perspective orientation

c. Mastery orientation

d. Spiritual orientation

Answer Location: Definition of the Event, p. 12

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

17. The degree of stress a family experiences as the result of a stressful event depends on

a. The family’s definition of the stressor event as well as the family’s resources to meet the demands of the change associated with the stressor

b. The family’s life stage of development and their spiritual orientation

c. The family’s cohesion and adaptability to meet the demands of the stressor event

d. The interaction between the stressor and the timing of the event

Answer Location: Stress and Crisis, p. 13

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

18.______________ is defined as a disturbance in the equilibrium that is overwhelming, a severe pressure, or a change that immobilizes the family.

a. Trauma

b. Stress

c. Crisis

d. Fatalism

Answer Location: Stress and Crisis, p. 13

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

19. Mr. Garcia is scheduled to come home from serious abdominal surgery in a week. Although Ms. Garcia is very worried about her partner and about how she will manage once he is home, she sets out to find home health care support and meets with the nurse to learn how to care for the wound. This is an example of which type of coping response

a. Controlling emotions generated by the stressor

b. Taking direct action

c. Intrapsychic coping strategies

d. Strength focused coping strategies

Answer Location: Coping, p. 14

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

20. Deandre is on probation at work because he has been blowing up at customers when he perceives that they are pushing him around. He found that when he takes his pain medication left over from an old injury, the customers’ rudeness doesn’t bother him. As a result, he is much more relaxed at work, and in fact was complimented on his patience. This is an example of

a. Controlling emotions generated by the stressor

b. Taking direct action

c. Reframing the problem

d. Finding motivation

Answer Location: Coping, p. 14

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

21. Maladaptive forms of coping include all but

a. Substance use/abuse

b. Violence

c. Overworking

d. Divorce

Answer Location: Coping, p. 15

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

22. The Lees have always been protective over their children. They adhered to strict rules and schedules for all their children regardless of age. As Mica turned 15, she began to challenge rules (staying out later than she was allowed and arguing nonstop with her parents). The most difficult event that happened was that Mica lied to her parents about staying over at her best friend’s house and instead went to a party where she got drunk and was taken to the police station when the party was raided. The family began therapy, which resulted in the Lees negotiating additional responsibilities and freedoms for Mica and learning new parenting skills for teens. This most closely describes

a. Coping skills

b. Understanding a family’s perceptions

c. Adaptation

d. Utilizing resources

Answer Location: Adaptation, p. 15

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

23. The Double “A” factor of the Double ABC-X model refers to all but

a. An extreme level of crisis that meets the definition for trauma

b. Unresolved aspects of the initial stressor event

c. Changes and events that occur regardless of the initial stressor

d. Consequences of the family’s efforts to cope with the hardships of the situation

Answer Location: Adaptation, p. 16

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

24. Currently, the field of family stress and crisis focuses on how family protective factors interact with risk and vulnerability. This focus is referred to as

a. Family strengths perspective

b. Family systems theory

c. Resiliency

d. Circumflex perspective

Answer Location: Resiliency, p. 18

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

25. We say that a family is resilient when

a. Even with risk and vulnerability present, a family can mobilize its protective factors and adapt

b. Even though families have strengths, they have more protective factors to face a crisis

c. Each individual in the family has amazing strengths and when they work together they can achieve anything

d. The family’s capacity to change is not hampered by the problems they face because their perception of the stressor event (as manageable) and their resources help the family move toward precrisis functioning

Answer Location : Resiliency, p.18

Question Type: MS

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

True/False

26. Stressor events are inherently damaging to a family system.

a. True

b. False

Answer Location: Stressor Events, p., 7

Question Type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

27. Coping represents what people do in order to deal with a stressor. Coping is therefore an active process that promotes balance and facilitates growth and unity.

a. True

b. False

Answer Location: Coping, p. 14

Question Type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

28. Adaptation is a short-term response or modification by a family that changes the situation only momentarily.

a. True

b. False

Answer Location: Adaptation, p. 16

Question Type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

29. Family stress is considered a dichotomous variable where family crisis is considered a continuous variable.

a. True

b. False

Answer Location: Stress and Crisis, p. 13

Question Type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

30. If a family successfully negotiates a crisis (and adjusts in a positive way) at one point in time, and they face a similar crisis 5 years later, they will successfully meet that challenge as well.

a. True

b. False

Answer Location, Conclusion, p. 19

Question Type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

31. The impact of change is stressful in family members’ lives and should be avoided at all costs.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Introduction

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

32. Reuben Hill created the ABC-0X Model based on his work with women who had been sexually abused.

a. True

b. False

Answer location, ABC-X, p. 6

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

33. “A” in the ABC-X model represents the stressor event.

a. True

b. False

Answer location:, ABC-X, p. 6

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Short Answer:

34. is defined as pressure or tension on the status quo; it is a disturbance of the family’s steady state.

a. Family Stress

Answer location: Introduction, p. 4

Question type: SA

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

35. A/n perspective views the individual and family as embedded in several layers of their environment

a. Ecological

Answer location: Ecological, p. 6

Question type: SA

Cognitive Domain Knowledge

36. Regarding the dimensions of a family stressor event, vs gradual onset marks the degree of suddenness with which the crisis occurred, that is, with or without warning.

a. Precipitate onset

Answer location: Stressor Events, p. 8

Question type: SA

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

37. Regarding dimensions of a stressor that impact family functioning, unemployment is considered a/n stressor.

a. External

Answer location: Introduction

Question type: SA

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

38. A family’s buffer the impact of the stressor event on their level of stress.

a. Resources

Answer location: Resources, p. 10

Question type: SA

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

39. Following a stressor event, the family’s of the event can vary from viewing it as unmanageable and too difficult to seeing it as an opportunity for growth.

a. Perception or meaning

Answer location: Definition of the Event/Perceptions, p. 11

Question type: SA

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Essay

1. What do you see as the major changes that have taken place in the study of family stress, and why do you think these changes have occurred?

a. Answers may include:

• Greater geographic mobility
• Stress in the context of physical science
• In the twentieth century, Cannon (l932) laid the foundation for systematic research on the effects of stress in observations of bodily changes.
• In the social sciences, both sociology and psychology have long histories of study related to stress and coping. Sociologists Marx, Weber, and Durkheim wrote extensively about “alienation,” which was conceptualized as synonymous with powerlessness, meaninglessness, and self-estrangement, clearly under the general rubric of stress (Lazarus & Folkman, l984). In psychology, stress was implicit as an organizing framework for thinking about psychopathology, especially in the theorizing of Freud and later psychologically oriented writers. Freudian psychology highlighted the process of coping and established the basis for a developmental approach that considered the effect of life events on later development and gradual acquisition of resources over the life cycle.
• Advances in technology, industrialization, urbanization, increased population density (including housing, traffic, and demand on the infrastructures), terrorism, and economic issues are frequently identified as making daily life more complicated and impersonal. Family roles are more fluid and diverse than the past, resulting in fewer social norms and supports. Families have become more diverse as a result of changing family structures (e.g., divorce, single-parent families, LGBTQ families, remarriage, cohabitation, and intergenerational reciprocity), immigration, economics (e.g., increased cost of living and two earner families), geographic mobility, and other macro level factors. In addition to natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes) and everyday stressors (e.g., accidents, discrimination based on race, religious beliefs, gender, and sexual orientation), U.S. families are facing the reality of wars involving American troops overseas. Additionally, contemporary families are experiencing economic insecurity and stress due to the Great Recession and the severe economic downturn in the global economy (see Bartholomae & Fox). Fluctuating unemployment rates, sobering financial losses in pensions, investments, and savings accounts, and the disappearance of benefits contribute to the financial struggle of individuals and families. Consider the accumulation of these events and it quickly becomes apparent that stress is a part of everyday life.

Answer location: 3-5, Introduction

Question type: ESS

Cognitive Domain: Analysis