Verified Test Bank Cardiovascular And Pulmonary Systems Ch9 - Effgen - Pediatric Physical Therapy 3e - Test Bank by Susan K. Effgen. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 09. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. If an infant is sleeping more than is typical, has abnormal or prolonged feeding times, or has fine motor skills that exceed gross motor, these may be signs of:
a. | Down syndrome |
b. | Duchenne muscular dystrophy |
c. | cardiac abnormalities |
d. | developmental delay |
____ 2. Vital signs for a healthy infant would be which of the following?
a. | Heart rate 120, blood pressure 80/40, respiration rate 35 |
b. | Heart rate 70, blood pressure 120/80, respiration rate 15 |
c. | Heart rate 120, blood pressure 120/80, respiration rate 20 |
d. | Heart rate 90, blood pressure 80/40, respiration 15 |
____ 3. Precautions for administering postural drainage and percussion in the Trendelenburg position (head down) include:
a. | increased intracranial pressure. |
b. | an infant or child who has eaten in the past 90 minutes. |
c. | low SaO2 levels. |
d. | All of the above |
____ 4. Huffing is a technique used to assist forceful expirations in children who cannot effectively cough. Huffing is performed by:
a. | slapping the child on the back as they cough. |
b. | asking the child to raise his or her arms while coughing. |
c. | asking the child to exhale forcefully by saying “Ha ha ha.” |
d. | using a cupped hand to clear draining. |
____ 5. The active cycle of breathing technique is:
a. | helpful but always less effective than postural drainage with percussion and vibration. |
b. | a sequence of thoracic expansion followed by a period of quiet breathing and finally forced expiration to help clear airway secretions. |
c. | appropriate for children between the ages of 2 and 12 years old who are wheezing. |
d. | contraindicated in children with cystic fibrosis. |
____ 6. Children who have undergone a heart transplant should:
a. | have longer warm-up and cool-down periods than typical children. |
b. | not participate in exercise above 40% of their maximum heart rate. |
c. | use heart rate as the best monitor of exercise intensity. |
d. | limit the length of exercise to 10-minute bouts spread throughout the day. |
____ 7. Participation in which of the following sports would be a good choice for a child with exercise-induced bronchospasm?
a. | Swimming |
b. | Figure skating |
c. | Cross-country running |
d. | Downhill skiing |
____ 8. Infant respiratory distress syndrome is:
a. | an obstructive pulmonary condition. |
b. | a result of inadequate levels of surfactant. |
c. | primarily seen in infants born postterm (more than 42 weeks of gestation). |
d. | a primary cause of cystic fibrosis. |
____ 9. The increasing prevalence of child obesity has:
a. | short-term effects in terms of body composition and exercise tolerance. |
b. | associations with increased asthma and diabetes as well as adult obesity. |
c. | become a serious public health concern. |
d. | All of the above |
____ 10. The potential benefits of aerobic activity in children with chronic cardiovascular and pulmonary disease include:
a. | an improved sense of well-being. |
b. | an increase in aerobic capacity and exercise tolerance. |
c. | an increase in ventilatory muscle strength and endurance. |
d. | All of the above |
____ 11. Circulatory defects in children are most often related to:
a. | hyperlipidemia. |
b. | chronic high blood pressure. |
c. | cardiomyopathies. |
d. | congenital cardiovascular structural defects. |
____ 12. Which posture allows the neck and upper extremity muscles to be used as accessory muscles of ventilation?
a. | Sitting with upper extremities fixed, supporting the shoulder girdle |
b. | Supported sitting with upper extremities down at the side |
c. | Relaxed standing |
d. | Supine with pillows to support the head |
____ 13. In utero, the newborn receives oxygenated blood from the mother. The umbilical cord provides oxygenated blood to the fetus’s right atrium. Which of the following structures allows this blood to pass from the right atrium directly into the left atrium, which bypasses the lungs?
a. | Coarctation of the aorta |
b. | Double-outlet right ventricle |
c. | Cardiac looping |
d. | Foramen ovale |
____ 14. A newborn has a diagnosis of a ventricular septal defect. What is the proper classification of ventricular septal defect and which way is blood shunted in this diagnosis?
a. | Acyanotic, left to right |
b. | Cyanotic, left to right |
c. | Acanotic, right to left |
d. | Cyanotic, right to left |
____ 15. Which body structure impairment is not associated with tetralogy of Fallot?
a. | Aortic communication with both ventricles |
b. | Pulmonary stenosis |
c. | Right ventricular hypertrophy |
d. | Tricuspid atresia |
____ 16. Which of the following conditions results from an insufficient amount of surfactant and lung immaturity?
a. | Bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
b. | Cystic fibrosis |
c. | Exercise-induced bronchospasms |
d. | Infant respiratory distress syndrome |
____ 17. For aerobic exercise in an adolescent, which of the following principle guidelines should be implemented at a minimum?
a. | 3×/wk, 40%–50% VO2max, 30 minutes, age-appropriate activity |
b. | 3×/wk, 50%–85% VO2max, 30 minutes, age-appropriate activity |
c. | 5×/wk, 40%–50% VO2max, 30 minutes, age-appropriate activity |
d. | 5×/wk, 50%–85% VO2max, 30 minutes, age-appropriate activity |
____ 18. A child presents to the clinic with muscular dystrophy. Which of the following is not likely to be found on pulmonary examination?
a. | Crackles |
b. | Decreased FEV1 |
c. | Increased diaphragm excursion |
d. | Reduced chest wall expansion |
____ 19. A child presents to clinic with a T4 spinal cord injury. Given the decreased muscle activation below the lesion level, venous pooling is likely to occur in the child’s lower extremities. Which of the following will not assist in increasing venous return to the heart?
a. | Abdominal binder |
b. | Dependent positioning of lower extremities |
c. | Elevation of lower extremities above the level of the heart |
d. | Sequential compression devices |
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 20. Pediatric physical therapists have an important role in health promotion and wellness.
____ 21. Ventilation is frequently the limiting factor of exercise in healthy children.
____ 22. During exercise in warm environments, children with cystic fibrosis are at a higher risk for salt depletion.
____ 23. The breathing pattern of a typically developing healthy newborn is symmetrical and coordinated.
____ 24. Children 3 years of age can perform submaximal treadmill and stair exercise tolerance protocols.
Chapter 09
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Effgen - Pediatric Physical Therapy 3e - Test Bank
By Susan K. Effgen