Chapter 14: The Evolution of Families in the 21st Century

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is an example of a chronosystem influence on a family?

a. The parents grew up before the advent of cell phones and prefer to communicate with their children by voice rather than texting.

b. The father is forced to take early retirement by his long-term employer and must begin the search for a second career.

c. The mother is inspired by a group of women friends to go back to school and finish her master’s degree.

d. The teenagers fight with the parents continually about curfews.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bioecological Model

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. An example of an exosystem influence would be a ______.

a. change in the political climate

b. job layoff

c. fight between two parents

d. wife joining a consciousness raising group

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bioecological Model

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Which statement about SNAFs is INCORRECT?

a. From roughly 1945 through the 1970s, SNAFs represented the majority of American families.

b. The SNAF ideal arose out of the specific ideology of the 1950s.

c. A SNAF is composed of a working, white, heterosexual, middle-class father, his stay-at-home legal wife, and their small number of biological children.

d. All SNAFs have different family processes, which may make some of them very unhealthy environments.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Family Structure Versus Process

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. People who view difference as a vital strength in our society that should not be downplayed or ignored are referred to as ______.

a. multicultural globalists

b. desegregative globalists

c. integrative pluralists

d. assimilative pluralists

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Views in Favor of Multiculturalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The term ______ refers to a fear of those who are different or foreign.

a. xenophobia

b. intolerance

c. prejudice

d. ethnocentricity

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Views in Favor of Multiculturalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Globalization refers to the ______.

a. spread of American culture, in the form of music, movies, and TV, around the globe

b. the development of an integrated global economic system

c. increase in rights for LGBT people around the globe

d. global advancement of education and rights for women

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The focus of the masculinist movement is to ______.

a. give men equal rights to child custody

b. increase the availability of high-quality childcare

c. allow men freedom to express their feelings

d. encourage equal pay for equal work

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender and Sexual Orientation in the 21st Century

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. The pressure and strain immigrants experience as they try to adapt to a new environment is called ______.

a. assimilation stress

b. integration stress

c. immigrant stress

d. acculturation stress

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Acculturation Stress

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. What percentage of children in the United States today are children of immigrants?

a. 5%

b. 25%

c. 45%

d. 65%

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: An In-Depth Look at Immigration

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. The purpose of the DREAM Act is to ______.

a. allow undocumented students who have lived in the United States for several years to apply for permanent resident status

b. allow undocumented students who have lived in the United States for several years to apply for permanent resident status if they graduate from high school and serve in the military

c. allow undocumented students who have lived in the United States for several years to apply for permanent resident status if they graduate from high school and enter college

d. allow undocumented students who have lived in the United States for several years to apply for permanent resident status if they graduate from high school and enter college or military service

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Undocumented Children and Education

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Multiculturalism can be acute or chronic, leading people to feel depressed, isolated, and confused about which identity they want to take on.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Acculturation Stress

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Acculturation stress and lack of community connectedness may increase as people migrate around the world to new locations to find work.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Acculturation Stress

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Research suggests that over 60% of children living in violent urban neighborhoods in the United States have PTSD symptoms.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trauma From Global Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. For the first time in U.S. history, non-European immigrants are now the majority of new entrants into the country.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: An In-Depth Look at Immigration

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. When immigrants are sexual minorities, they are able to overcome more challenges easier than non-sexual minorities.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: LGBT Immigrants

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. LGBT persons can apply for political asylum if they can convince authorities that they face threats of bodily harm or death upon their return to their home country, but having their application approved is never a certainty.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: LGBT Immigrants

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Today, the International Lesbian and Gay Association still has members in fewer than nine countries and is severely limited in scope.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: LGBT Rights

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Some argue that one key to preventing terrorism and fundamentalism is educating girls and women to play active roles in their societies.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Women in the Arab World

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. LGBT scholars encourage people to stop studying LGBT families in comparison to heterosexuals, but as a viable subject of scholarship in its own right.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: LGBT Rights

Difficulty Level: Medium

Short Answer

1. ______ is a relatively recent men’s movement that attempts to release men from the constraints of traditional gender role expectations.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gender and Sexual Orientation in the 21st Century

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. This term refers to small loans designed to help impoverished people emerge from poverty by becoming self-sufficient.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gender and Sexual Orientation in the 21st Century

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. ______ is a social movement wherein people from LGBT communities around the world are using their political and economic power to fight for their civil rights.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: LGBT Rights

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The development of an increasingly integrated worldwide economy is called ______.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. ______ refers to a situation where an ethnic minority group increases in number to surpass the numbers of people in the original majority group.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: An In-Depth Look at Immigration

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Many immigrants are forced to travel alone and form ______, families with members in more than one country.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Transnational Families

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. ______ appreciate the diversity that other groups bring to the table but tend to emphasize the humanity that we all have in common.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Views in Favor of Multiculturalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. People who believe that all cultures, beliefs, and languages have merit and should be cherished together in one diverse society that appreciates the differences we all bring.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Views in Favor of Multiculturalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. People who believe immigrants should adopt their new culture uniformly, assimilating into the culture, practices, beliefs, and language, while leaving their own systems behind.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Views Against Multiculturalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Research suggests that over 30% of children living in violent urban neighborhoods in the United States have ______ symptoms.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trauma From Global Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. A set of goals the United Nations has set forth, which they hope to accomplish by the year 2030; these goals include the eradication of extreme poverty, protecting the planet from destruction, and improving education and equality for all.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Responsibilities of Developed Nations

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Each of us exists within ______, which consist of people who have direct and steady interactions with us.

Learning Objective: 14-1: Discuss five key ideas presented throughout this book for understanding marriages and families.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bioecological Model

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Each of us exists within ______, which are comprised of interactions between microsystems.

Learning Objective: 14-1: Discuss five key ideas presented throughout this book for understanding marriages and families.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bioecological Model

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. ______, which are indirect influences filtered through our microsystems, also impact family life.

Learning Objective: 14-1: Discuss five key ideas presented throughout this book for understanding marriages and families.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bioecological Model

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Each of us lives an ______ life, carrying with us our sex, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, history, “race,” social class, age, religion, language, ability and disability status, and biochemical makeup.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Intersectional Identities

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Congress has considered a bill, called the ______, which would allow undocumented students who have lived in the United States for several years to apply for permanent resident status if they graduate from high school and enter college or military service.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Undocumented Children and Education

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. ______ usually refers to many cultures living together in one society.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Views Against Multiculturalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Similar to the oppression of women around the world, people from ______ communities are often seen as inferior or not deserving of civil rights.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: LGBT Rights

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. ______ has spread around the world and has led to one massive interconnected marketplace.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. While most immigrants adjust to their new countries well, they also often experience a sense of ______.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-5: Describe the controversies surrounding immigration, especially in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Acculturation Stress

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Analyze your family in terms of the bioecological model and include microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem influences.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Bioecological Model

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. What does it mean to say that diversity is normative to U.S. culture and history?

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Diversity as Normative

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Explain what is meant by the phrase “the deconstruction of race as we know it.” What does this imply about the U.S. population?

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Ethnic Changes in the United States

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. What are some of the arguments in favor of multiculturalism? How does it benefit society? Do you agree with these arguments?

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Views in Favor of Multiculturalism

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Explain how interventions such as education and microfinancing can improve the lives of families in countries such as Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Women’s Rights

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. How does exposure to violence affect children’s development?

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Trauma From Global Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. What are the Millennium Development Goals?

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Responsibilities of Developed Nations

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Do you think it is the responsibility of western developed nations to improve the lives of people living in underdeveloped nations? Why or why not?

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Responsibilities of Developed Nations

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. What are the arguments for and against allowing children of undocumented immigrants who are not U.S. citizens to attend colleges and universities?

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Undocumented Children and Education

Difficulty Level: Hard

10. Do you agree that a strengths-based approach, which includes generous social welfare programs on the European model, is needed to support U.S. families? Why or why not? Support your answer with reasoning.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Final Reflections on the Future of Families

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. Do you believe a strengths-based approach to immigration could better reduce acculturation stress? Why or why not? Support your answer with reasoning.

Learning Objective: 14-2: Summarize contemporary trends in diversity in the United States and abroad. | 14-3: Explain the positive and negative effects of modern trends in globalization. | 14-4: Discuss the arguments in favor of developed nations having a responsibility to developing nations and/or poor people within their own borders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Acculturation Stress

Difficulty Level: Hard