Chapter 13: Growing Older in Families

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Which statement about the elderly population is INCORRECT?

a. Over the past 100 years, life expectancy in western nations has increased by approximately 50 years.

b. The life expectancy of women surpasses that of men in all countries.

c. Over the past 100 years, the proportion of the population aged 65 and over has increased by around 10%.

d. The country with the greatest life expectancy is Japan.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Overview: Historical and Cultural Beliefs About Aging

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. In what year did the U.S. Social Security program begin?

a. 1914

b. 1935

c. 1942

d. 1965

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Historical Trends

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. A person’s ______ refers to how well the person feels as well as which activities he or she can engage in.

a. functional age

b. affective health

c. affective state

d. mental health age

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multidimensional Changes With Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. A person with a chronological age of 60 who, because of obesity and chronic diseases, has very limited mobility might have a functional age of approximately ______.

a. 20

b. 40

c. 60

d. 80

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multidimensional Changes With Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Which of the following is an example of a cohort effect?

a. An African American elder realizes that her life is more secure than were those of her ancestors.

b. A white elder goes into a nursing home to avoid burdening his children.

c. A Chinese American elder invites her son and daughter-in-law to move into her home.

d. A Native American elder becomes a spiritual leader of his extended family.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Multidimensional Changes With Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The human body reaches peak performance during a person’s ______.

a. teens

b. 20s

c. 30s

d. 40s

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Physical Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Which statement about telomeres and longevity is INCORRECT?

a. The more quickly telomeres shorten, the less time a person has to live.

b. Telomere length is influenced by both physical health and stress.

c. Older men tend to have longer telomeres than older women.

d. Telomerase counteracts the effects of stress on telomere damage.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Physical Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. A small but significant demographic trend is for older women to ______.

a. form group households with other seniors

b. date or marry men at least 10 years younger

c. die at around the same time as their husbands

d. live with their grown-up grandchildren

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Older Women’s Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. The two best predictors of whether a woman maintains an active sex life in older age are ______.

a. good physical health and lack of weight gain

b. lack of weight gain and positive self-image

c. positive self-image and the availability of a partner

d. availability of a partner and good physical health

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Older Women’s Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Low testosterone levels in older men are associated with ______.

a. increased libido

b. depression

c. weight gain

d. heart disease

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Older Men’s Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Cognitive skills related to the functioning of the neuroanatomy, or the “hardware” of the brain, comprise ______.

a. neuroplasticity

b. crystalized intelligence

c. neuro-crystallization

d. fluid intelligence

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Cognitive Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Which of the following factors is an example of secondary control over weight?

a. eliminating high-fat foods

b. exercising more

c. changing one’s body image

d. adding whole grains to one’s diet

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Psychological Control

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. According to the ______, people who are experiencing health or family problems will increase their sense of well-being if they increase their sense of mastery.

a. lifespan theory model

b. lifespan theory of control

c. lifespan theory of development

d. lifespan theory of aging

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Psychological Control

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. An older person’s sense of generativity is related to his or her feeling of having ______.

a. done important things in life

b. accomplished all important goals

c. earned general respect and admiration

d. pleasure in everyday activities

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Socioemotional Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Moving from one long-term committed relationship to another throughout one’s life is referred to as ______.

a. serial stability

b. serial exclusivity

c. binary monogamy

d. serial monogamy

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Family Life Across Generations

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Women in which age-group have the highest degree of life satisfaction?

a. 20s

b. 30s

c. 40s

d. 50s

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Life Satisfaction Among Women

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. The purpose of a living will is to ______.

a. tell survivors how to best live an ethical life

b. dispose of a person’s property fairly

c. explain how a person wishes to be cared for

d. give directions about a funeral

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Widowhood

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Approximately what percentage of elderly people live with their children?

a. 5%

b. 20%

c. 50%

d. 75%

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Adult Children as Caregivers for Elders

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Approximately what percentage of people over age 50 are grandparents?

a. 30%

b. 50%

c. 70%

d. 90%

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Family Routines and Rituals

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Passive grandparents are those who ______.

a. do not exchange services, provide any discipline, or stay in regular contact with their grandchildren

b. do not exchange services or provide any discipline, but are in regular contact with their grandchildren

c. do not exchange services, but do provide discipline and are in regular contact with their grandchildren

d. exchange services, provide discipline, and are in regular contact with their grandchildren

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Types of Grandparents

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Primary control is related to changing yourself, such as changing your emotional state or motivational levels.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Psychological Control

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Secondary control is changing one’s environment to gain a sense of control over life.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Psychological Control

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Integrity is a sense of inner peace at the end of life regarding the paths our lives have taken.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Socioemotional Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Generativity is a sense of being fulfilled in middle age through having contributed to the next generation and leaving a positive legacy.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Socioemotional Development

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. About 35% of people who are clinically depressed eventually kill themselves.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Depression and Suicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Like African American families, Latino families tend to be closer knit and have closer ties to their religious communities than European American families.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Some Hispanic/Latino Experiences

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Serial monogamy includes feelings of depression and loneliness that parents may experience when their children leave home.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Life Satisfaction Among Women

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Empty nest syndrome is the idea that parents play key roles in their children’s lives well after they reach adulthood, continuing to financially and emotionally support their children.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Relationships With Adult Children

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Three quarters of seniors live independently and only about 4% live in nursing homes or other care facilities.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Adult Children as Caregivers for Elders

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Activities of daily living are things that people become less and less able to do with age, including feeding, dressing, toileting, and taking care of one’s own household and medications.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Adult Children as Caregivers for Elders

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Typically, grandfathers have more frequent interactions with their grandchildren and do more caregiving for them.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Types of Grandparents

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Grandparents today have more responsibilities for their grandchildren than ever before.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Complexities of Modern Grandparenting

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Mentoring is the duty expected of grandparents of color involving transmitting cultural rituals, beliefs, and values to their grandchildren.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Complexities of Modern Grandparenting

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. African American grandparents tend to see their role as disciplinarian/teacher to their grandchildren, as do Latino and many Asian American grandparents.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Types of Grandparents

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. People of color tend to live longer lives than European Americans even though they suffer from more chronic conditions.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Adult Children as Caregivers for Elders

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Perma-parenting means playing key roles in children’s lives well after they reach adulthood and remains quite normative.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement. | 13-5: Explain some key aspects of how seniors interact with their partners, adult children, and grandchildren in contemporary families.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Relationships With Adult Children

Difficulty Level: Medium

Short Answer

1. ______ is the idea that development in old age can be both forward/positive and backward/negative.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multidimensional Changes With Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. This is the idea that how people develop is influenced by the generation they belong to, or the time period in which they were born.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Multidimensional Changes With Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. ______ is the maximum number of times a cell can divide.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multidimensional Changes With Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. These are dense repetitive DNA strands, which protect chromosomes from damage and get shorter every time a cell divides.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Physical Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. This is the time during which a woman stops menstruating; the process can take years to complete and may be accompanied by uncomfortable physical and mental symptoms.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Older Women’s Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. This includes discrimination, prejudice, and lack of access to information or services due to one’s age.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Older Men’s Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. ______ is a term used to describe impotence in a new marriage without any clear physical cause; commonly related to stress or trauma in a first marriage where a spouse died.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Older Men’s Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. ______ is the set of facts, trivia, and information we’ve learned, or the “software” installed in our brain.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Cognitive Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. This is a progressive brain disorder wherein the brain slowly dies through the strangulation of its cells.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Cognitive Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. These are piles of dead protein material sloughed off brain cells, a symptom of Alzheimer’s disease.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-2: Describe some of the multidimensional changes that occur with age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Cognitive Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. What does it mean to say that the aging process is multidimensional? Explain and give an example.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Multidimensional Changes With Age

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Explain how emotional and psychological effects can impair sexuality in older people. Give at least one example.

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Sexual Development

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. In general, would you say that a healthy person’s cognitive and psychological functioning improves or declines with old age?

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Cognitive Development

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. What are some of the different ways that caregiving stress is manifested? What can be done to relieve this type of stress?

Learning Objective: 13-1: Summarize historical and contemporary views of aging in Western and non-Western cultures. | 13-3: Identify factors related to healthy aging in multigenerational families. | 13-4: Discuss the socioemotional, cognitive, and gender-related aspects of retirement.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Adult Children as Caregivers for Elders

Difficulty Level: Hard