Test Questions & Answers Schools, Achievement, and Work Ch16

Chapter 16

Test Bank

1. Which of the following is a teacher-centered approach to learning?A. direct instructionB. behaviorismC. constructivismD. social constructivismAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction Approaches2. Which of the following emphasizes the child's active role in building knowledge and understanding through exploration and discovery?A. direct instructionB. behaviorismC. constructivismD. social constructivismAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood3. Which of the following (in its most modern incarnation) may emphasize the importance of collaboration with others to produce knowledge and understanding?A. direct instructionB. behaviorismC. social constructivismD. constructivismAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood4. Every morning, Mr. Lawson's students learn one new word. First, students make a guess at the meaning. Next, they explore their anthology book for the word in context. Finally, they look up the word in a dictionary. Which teaching method does this best illustrate?A. direct instructionB. constructivistC. social constructivistD. whole learningAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early Childhood5. Which of the following would a constructivist-based classroom LEAST likely incorporate?A. rote memorizationB. child's interests, needs, and learning stylesC. experimentation and explorationD. structured and unstructured playAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood6. Every morning, Ms. Santos dictates a vocabulary word, including its spelling, meaning, and an example of it used in a sentence. Which teaching method does this best illustrate?A. direct instructionB. cognitive constructivistC. social constructivistD. whole learningAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early Childhood7. The director says, "We believe that direct instruction and drill and practice will help our kindergarten students master the skills needed for future school success. We don't waste time on silly games and fluff." This kindergarten is moreA. learner-centered.B. teacher-centered.C. developmentally appropriate.D. academically comprehensive.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood8. Which approach to student learning is criticized for turning children into passive learners who do not learn to think critically or creatively?A. direct instructionB. cognitive constructivistC. social constructivistD. whole learningAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood9. Ms. Espinoza uses a direct instruction approach when teaching reading and often assigns hands-on, constructivist projects for reinforcing new skills. What would educational psychology experts say about this teacher's instructional approach?A. Most experts agree that effective teachers use a direct instruction approach exclusively.B. Most experts agree that effective teachers use a constructivist approach exclusively.C. Some experts say that many effective teachers use both a constructivist and a direct instruction approach.D. Experts agree that effective teachers focus on testing skills.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood10. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) act is aimed at improving student performance through:A. parent involvement.B. school accountability.C. teacher training.D. student motivation.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AccountabilityTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood11. Which of the following is a criticism of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) act?A. Too much emphasis is placed on social skills and creativity.B. Parent accountability is overlooked.C. Student achievement is too narrowly assessed.D. Teacher accountability ratings are too subjective.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AccountabilityTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood12. Advocates of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act argue that it will have all of the following positive effects except forA. assesses a wide range of student skills.B. improved student performance.C. more time teaching subjects that are tested.D. high expectations for all students.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AccountabilityTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood13. Which of the following would be emphasized in a child-centered kindergarten?A. the phonetic alphabetB. colors and shapesC. gross and fine motor skill developmentD. experimentation, exploration, and discoveryAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education14. Amir attends a preschool in which he independently selects activities and spends a varied amount of time on each, as he desires. His teacher acts as a facilitator rather than a director. Amir most likely attends aA. school for the gifted.B. Project Head Start school.C. Montessori preschool.D. school that emphasizes paper-and-pencil activities.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education15. Critics of the Montessori approach (and proponents of DAP) argue that in addition to cognitive development, what should be addressed in early childhood educational programs?A. behavior managementB. socioemotional developmentC. physical skillsD. fine motor refinementAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education16. Developmentally appropriate practices at the kindergarten level are likely toA. focus on the uniqueness of the individual child.B. use age-level standardized tests to measure performance.C. de-emphasize socioemotional development.D. be achievement-based.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education17. What has research shown about the effects of a developmentally inappropriate kindergarten approach?A. No study has yet shown a correlation between DAP and any improved performance or learning effects in children.B. Some studies have linked it to a range of improved learning and performance effects, but some studies have shown no benefit.C. DAP programs consistently show fewer results over the long term than the Montessori approach.D. Several studies have shown improved performance as a result of DAP instruction, but those gains are typically lost by adolescence.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education18. Developmentally appropriate education is an evolving concept and varies by program. Recent changes have given more attention toA. those with learning disabilities.B. IDEA policies.C. ethnic minorities.D. how strongly academic skills should be emphasized and taught.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education19. Janene and Michael head a low-income family. They are concerned that their young children are not acquiring the necessary skills and experiences necessary for academic success in school due to their low-income situations. What program is designed to address their needs?A. Head StartB. IHADC. IEPD. DAPAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education20. Project Head Start was designed to provide children from low-income families withA. pre-first grade opportunities to develop skills important for success in school.B. training in job-related skills to reduce reliance on public assistance programs.C. low-cost meal programs so they would be physically ready to learn more effectively.D. alternative academic programs rather than having to attend poor-quality neighborhood schools.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education21. A study of 40-year-old adults who attended Perry Preschool, a high-quality preschool program, found that compared to those who had not attended, moreA. were unable to hold a steady job.B. owned their own homes.C. had high credit debt.D. had not graduated from high school.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education22. One criticism of the contemporary approach to early childhood education is that itA. disallows direct instruction.B. focuses too little on academic subject areas.C. teaches to the lowest-achieving students.D. places too much pressure to achieve on children.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education23. What happens to children's self-esteem as they proceed through early school years?A. remains stableB. increasesC. decreasesD. becomes more difficult to assessAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education24. Entrance into formal schooling is considered important because it marksA. the beginning of new roles and obligations for the child.B. a narrowing of opportunities to interact with peers.C. a shift to self-regulation of behavior and learning.D. the rejection of old reference groups.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Elementary School25. Which of the following is NOT a positive aspect to the transition to middle or junior high?A. more challenging workB. experiencing the top-dog phenomenonC. more subjects from which to selectD. more time with peers and friendsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Middle and Late ChildhoodTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School26. Which of the following is NOT a stressor associated with the transition to middle or junior high?A. concerns about body imageB. entry into a larger, more impersonal school structureC. increased responsibilityD. increased independence from direct parental monitoringAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Middle and Late ChildhoodTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School27. The Carnegie Foundation's negative evaluation of U.S. middle schools included all but which of the following?A. high crime ratesB. irrelevant curriculaC. lack of trust for adultsD. lack of access to counselingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School28. Kevin feels insignificant in his new junior high school. "Kids used to look up to me, but here I'm just one of the ‘little people.’" Kevin is experiencingA. high self-efficacy.B. clinical adolescent depression.C. the bottom-of-the-barrel phenomenon.D. the top-dog phenomenon.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School29. The "top-dog phenomenon" occurs when students move from theA. freshman level to the senior level in high school.B. top grade in elementary school to the bottom grade in middle school.C. next-to-top grade in middle school to the top grade in middle school.D. next-to-top grade in elementary school to the top grade in elementary school.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School30. The Carnegie Corporation issued a report in which they recommended that middle schoolsA. become smaller, more personal, and involve parents more.B. improve student use of technology and computers to develop relevant skills needed in the future job market.C. encompass a wider age range in order to spotlight differences in adolescent development.D. be integrated with high schools so that older adolescents can serve as role models for younger adults.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School31. Which ethnic group has the highest school dropout rate?A. LatinoB. Asian AmericanC. African AmericanD. non-Latino White AmericanAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: High School32. In the 1995 Rumberger study, what as the highest cited reason (almost 50 percent) for a student to drop out of school?A. personal reasonsB. school-related problemsC. economic problemsD. early college entranceAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: High School33. The transition from high school to college is much like the transition from elementary to middle or junior high school in thatA. the bottom-of-the-barrel phenomenon is replayed.B. the top-dog phenomenon is replayed.C. separation anxiety from parents increases dramatically.D. students will develop a close bond to instructors to compensate for less parental contact.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Transition to College34. In a study of what makes college students happy, the "very happy" college students overall wereA. more social.B. more financially secure.C. more intelligent.D. closer to home.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Transition to College35. As compared to their counterparts in the 1980s, today's college students areA. better prepared as entering freshmen.B. better at coping with academic rigor.C. more stressed and depressed.D. less concerned about making money.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Transition to College36. A current trend in college education in the United States isA. an increase in higher levels of happiness among students.B. an increasing number of students who are older than traditional college age.C. progressively lower numbers of students pursuing college education.D. an increasing proportion of male students.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Adult EducationTopic: Early Adulthood37. Which statement is TRUE of adult education?A. Going back to school is a smooth transition for older students.B. The majority of older-than-average adults taking college classes are doing so as a requirement of maintaining current employment.C. Adults over 25 represent approximately 30 percent of college enrollment in the United States.D. Women represent the majority of adult learners.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Adult EducationTopic: Early Adulthood38. Approximately what percentage of children (aged 3 to 21) in the United States receives special education or related services?A. 5 percentB. 13 percentC. 22 percentD. 25 percentAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood39. About 80 percent of children with learning disabilities have issues withA. reading.B. math.C. attention.D. emotional disturbance.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood40. Of the children who receive special education or related services, the majority are served under what classification?A. intellectual disabilityB. emotional disturbanceC. learning disabilityD. speech or language impairmentAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood41. Which of the following is a component of having a learning disability?A. difficulty in understanding or using spoken or written languageB. emotional disorderC. economic disadvantageD. motor disabilitiesAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood42. Which of the following is TRUE of gender and learning disabilities?A. More boys are classified as having a learning disability.B. More girls are classified as having a learning disability.C. There is no significant gender difference in the classification of learning disabilities.D. Boys are referred more often for assessment, but girls have higher rates of learning disabilities.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood43. Brain imaging techniques are being used to try and determine areas of the brain that might be associated with learning disabilities. The results indicate that learning abilities areA. caused by an abnormality in the cerebellum.B. caused by an abnormality in the corpus callosum.C. more likely due to problems in integrating information from multiple brain regions.D. inherited from parents.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood44. A disability that involves difficulty in math computation isA. dyslexia.B. dyscalculia.C. dysgraphia.D. autism.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood45. The most common problem that characterizes children with a learning disability involvesA. math.B. critical thinking.C. rote memorization.D. reading.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood46. Hannah attends school regularly and has average achievement in math and writing, but her reading comprehension performance is very low. She comes from a good and stable home, and she has no physical, emotional, or intellectual disabilities. Hannah has a(n)A. poor reading teacher.B. below-average IQ.C. learning disability.D. emotional disturbance.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood47. Dyslexia is a learning disability characterized by severe impairment in the ability toA. pay attention.B. calculate math problems.C. read and spell.D. process language.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood48. Four students have extremely low math computation scores. Which one of the following has a learning disability?A. John has average scores in all other academic areas and tested in the average range of intellectual ability.B. Sandra is visually impaired and struggles to see the chalkboard from where she sits.C. Alex is hearing impaired and frequently misses key details in instruction.D. Janet is diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Her behavior impedes her ability to access the general curriculum.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood49. The highest incidence of ADHD occurs inA. adolescents.B. adults.C. girls.D. boys.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood50. The number of children classified as having ADHD has increased dramatically over the last few decades. Some experts believe this phenomenon may reflectA. stricter diagnostic criteria for identification and classification.B. incorrect diagnoses and increased awareness.C. more accurate diagnostic practices.D. a generation of learners who suffered brain anoxia as medically fragile newborns.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood51. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Children with ADHD have slower development of cerebral cortex thickness than those without ADHD.B. Researchers are exploring the role GABA might play in ADHD.C. It is unlikely that children inherit a tendency to develop ADHD from their parents.D. Mothers who use cocaine during pregnancy have proven more likely to have children with ADHD.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood52. ADHD stands forA. abnormal deficits in habituation disorder.B. attribution depression hallucination disorder.C. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.D. abhorrent dissociation/horrent dissociation.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood53. Which of the following is NOT one of the three possible diagnoses for a child with ADHD?A. ADHD with predominantly inattentionB. ADHD with predominantly hyperactivity/impulsivityC. ADHD with predominantly impulsivityD. ADHD with both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivityAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood54. Drew has just been diagnosed with ADHD. Research has shown that the most effective treatment should likely includeA. behavior management only.B. academic intervention only.C. medication only.D. behavior management and medication.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood55. Which drug category includes the most commonly used ADHD medications?A. selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitorsB. narcoticsC. depressantsD. stimulantsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood56. Which of the following statements about ADHD is TRUE?A. Stimulant medication is often used to treat ADHD.B. Children with ADHD grow out of their symptoms by late adolescence.C. Contributors to ADHD are genetic and do not include environmental factors.D. Brain research shows no differences among the brain development of children with and without ADHD.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood57. Which of the following is characterized by social and communication problems and repetitive behaviors?A. dyslexiaB. emotional disturbanceC. ADHDD. autism spectrum disordersAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Autism Spectrum DisordersTopic: Middle and Late Childhood58. 2008 estimates suggest that autism occurs in _____ individuals.A. 1 in 2,500B. 1 in 146C. 1 in 88D. 1 in 12Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Autism Spectrum DisordersTopic: Middle and Late Childhood59. Denise has mild nonverbal language problems and a restricted range of interests and relationships. Her mother often finds her repeating certain song lyrics over and over. Denise may haveA. Asperger syndrome.B. ADHD.C. an autistic disorder.D. an intellectual disability.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Autism Spectrum DisordersTopic: Middle and Late Childhood60. Children with autism benefit from all of the following EXCEPTA. individualized instruction.B. small-group instruction.C. large-group instruction.D. a well-structured classroom.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Autism Spectrum DisordersTopic: Middle and Late Childhood61. Boys are __________ to have an autistic disorder as girls.A. half as likelyB. equally likelyC. two times as likelyD. five times as likelyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Autism Spectrum DisordersTopic: Middle and Late Childhood62. A recent study showed that _____ factors likely play a role in the development of autism spectrum disorders.A. environmentalB. geneticC. family socializationD. no specificAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Autism Spectrum DisordersTopic: Middle and Late Childhood63. IDEA requiresA. the mainstreaming of all handicapped children.B. special classes for all handicapped children.C. a free and appropriate education for all children with disabilities.D. the same daily activities for both handicapped and nonhandicapped children.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood64. What does IDEA stand for?A. Individuals with Disabilities Education ActB. Individuals with Disorders Education ActC. Individuals with Disorders Efficacy ActD. Individuals with Dysfunctional Emotionality ActAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood65. A legal written statement displaying a disabled student's unique academic plan is called a(n)A. LRE list.B. individualized education plan.C. best practice teaching strategy.D. individual learning style map.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood66. Lisa has a diagnosed learning disability and is not succeeding in a regular classroom. After discussion of this by a multidisciplinary team, Lisa is recommended for specialized instruction in a special education classroom that is as similar as possible to the classroom where children without a disability are taught. This provision is an example ofA. inclusion.B. Project Head Start.C. DAP.D. a least restrictive environment.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood67. Stuart has a learning disability and is educated in the least restrictive environment. This means that StuartA. spends the entire school day in a self-contained special education classroom.B. has an IEP that addresses the educational setting in which he is best able to access the general curriculum.C. is only allowed to attend nonacademic instruction (art, P.E., etc.) with nondisabled peers.D. will have fewer rules and restrictions than nondisabled peers.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood68. Kyle has a diagnosed learning disability but receives instruction in a regular classroom. This is an example ofA. DAP.B. a most restrictive environment.C. inclusion.D. Project Head Start.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood69. What do Kauffman and colleagues advocate for the education of children with disabilities?A. self-contained special education classrooms and schoolsB. home schoolingC. an individualized approach which may not involve full inclusion but allows for specialized instruction and/or adapted curriculaD. complete inclusion in regular education classroomsAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood70. Lakeside High School is a low-income high school with a majority of African American students. Which of the following is less likely in this school than in a well-funded, majority non-Latino White school?A. Students are enrolled in academic, college preparatory programs.B. Students are frequently suspended from school.C. Students frequently are recommended for enrollment in remedial and special education courses.D. Many teachers at the school are young and inexperienced.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Socioeconomic Status71. Extrinsic motivation is an integral component of which developmental approach?A. cognitiveB. psychoanalyticC. social constructivistD. behavioralAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation72. Intrinsic motivation is emphasized in which developmental approach?A. cognitiveB. psychoanalyticC. social constructivistD. behavioralAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation73. Marti loves the thrill that learning about history gives her and enjoys pleasing her parents with her good grades in this subject area. This is an example of which type of motivation?A. extrinsicB. intrinsicC. both extrinsic and intrinsicD. social-emotionalAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic MotivationTopic: Middle and Late Childhood74. Ms. Skinner allows students who have completed their morning assignment to leave one minute early for recess. This is an example ofA. intrinsic motivation.B. extrinsic motivation.C. a mastery orientation.D. a helpless orientation.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic MotivationTopic: Middle and Late Childhood75. Motivation research overwhelmingly concludes that teachers should encourageA. extrinsic motivation.B. intrinsic motivation.C. neither extrinsic or intrinsic motivation as a strategy.D. students to be able to compete in the real world, which emphasizes extrinsic motivation.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation76. Teachers who create circumstances for students to engage in self-determination are called _____ teachers.A. autonomy-supportiveB. extrinsicC. intrinsicD. masteryAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Self-Determination and Choice77. Sheri tackles her science project by scheduling research and writing time. She hopes to learn a lot about her topic. This is an example of which type of orientation?A. performanceB. masteryC. helplessD. effortAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Mastery Motivation78. Brad procrastinates in starting his research paper, because he is not confident in his writing skills and doubts he can do the subject justice. This is an example of which type of orientation?A. performanceB. masteryC. helplessD. effortAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Emerging AdulthoodTopic: Mastery Motivation79. Barry's goal is to obtain a 4.0 GPA this semester. He completes several extra-credit assignments to ensure success but doesn't internalize a lot of what he has learned. This is an example of which type of orientation?A. achievementB. masteryC. performanceD. effortAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Mastery Motivation80. Marla wants to be a writer and continues to receive rejections for her submitted articles. She says, "I just have to be patient and keep improving my writing craft." Marla displays aA. growth mindset.B. fixed mindset.C. helpless orientation.D. performance orientation.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Mindset81. Motivation experts worry that No Child Left Behind encouragesA. intrinsic motivation.B. a mastery orientation.C. a performance orientation.D. a helpless orientation.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Mastery Motivation82. A guest teacher arrives to conduct a ceramics workshop. Julia says, "I've never done this before! Trying something new will be fun!" Her friend, Meghan, says she doesn't want to try because she's never been good at art. Meghan hasA. a growth mindset.B. a fixed mindset.C. a realistic mindset.D. a cautiously optimistic mindset.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Mindset83. Which of the following characterizes students with high self-efficacy?A. They focus on tasks that can easily be completed.B. They show higher levels of persistence for learning tasks.C. They tend to procrastinate before attempting difficult tasks because of the fear of failure.D. They have low self-esteem.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Self-Efficacy84. The belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes is calledA. self-concept.B. self-image.C. self-esteem.D. self-efficacy.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Self-Efficacy85. Kael knows that this will be a challenging semester, but he feels that, with effort and discipline, he will succeed. Kael has highA. self-efficacy.B. external attribution.C. achievement orientation.D. distal sights.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Self-Efficacy86. Eight-year-old Vanessa wants to graduate from college. What type of goal is this?A. work-avoidantB. distalC. proximalD. fuzzyAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Goal Setting, Planning, Self-MonitoringTopic: Middle and Late Childhood87. Samantha wants to finish her term paper by Friday. What type of goal is this?A. work-avoidantB. fuzzyC. proximalD. distalAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Goal Setting, Planning, Self-MonitoringTopic: Middle and Late Childhood88. How hard a student works can depend onA. their expectations of succeed.B. the expectations parents set for them.C. the expectations teachers set for them.D. All of these answers are correct.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Goal Setting, Planning, Self-MonitoringTopic: Middle and Late Childhood89. Which of the following statements about expectations and student achievement is NOT true?A. Teachers' high expectations for students are effective in managing students' behavior.B. It is beneficial for parents to set low standards to protect their children's self-esteem.C. If children expect to succeed, they are more likely to work hard to reach a goal.D. Teachers with high expectations ask higher-level questions and spend more time providing frameworks for learning.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: ExpectationsTopic: Middle and Late Childhood90. In many instances of comparison between the two factors, which of the following predicts achievement better than ethnicity?A. emotional intelligenceB. learning styleC. genderD. socioeconomic statusAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Cross-Cultural Comparisons91. Which of the following is NOT a possible reason found by Stevenson and his colleagues for why Asian student math scores are higher than those of students in the United States?A. U.S. students are more prone to learning disabilities.B. Asian parents are more likely to help their students with homework.C. Asian teachers spend more time teaching math than U.S. teachers do.D. Asian students spend more days in school than U.S. students do.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Cross-Cultural ComparisonsTopic: Middle and Late Childhood92. Career mystique is an ingrained cultural belief that engaging in hard work for long hours through adulthood will produce all of the following EXCEPTA. security.B. status.C. family.D. happiness.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Career DevelopmentTopic: Early AdulthoodTopic: Middle Adulthood93. Which of the following job categories is among those projected to grow most rapidly through 2024?A. automobile techniciansB. social workersC. physical therapistsD. retain managersAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Career Development94. What percentage of adolescents is employed at some point during high school?A. 70 to 80 percentB. 60 to 70 percentC. 50 to 60 percentD. 80 to 90 percentAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Work95. What percentage of part-time U.S. college students were employed in 2014?A. 50 percentB. 63 percentC. 80 percentD. 92 percentAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Work96. Crystal is a junior in high school. Her grades have not suffered since she took on a part-time job. Based on research of part-time high school work trends and academic achievement, she likely worksA. 25 hours a week.B. less than 20 hours a week.C. at the school.D. in a low-skilled position.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Work97. _____ programs are paid apprenticeships in a specific field that one is interested in pursuing.A. CooperativeB. Service-learningC. CommunityD. VocationalAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Work98. What percentage of U.S. adults indicated that they were less productive at work due to stress?A. 10 percentB. 25 percentC. 55 percentD. 70 percentAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Early AdulthoodTopic: Middle AdulthoodTopic: Work99. There is currently a mismatch between adults' expectations about work and what employers expect due to which of the following?A. Current policies and practices were designed for a male workforce and industrial society.B. Current policies and practices were designed for a female workforce and service economy.C. Current policies and practices were designed for a technological society.D. Current policies and practices were founded on employees' needs for flexibility.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Early AdulthoodTopic: Middle AdulthoodTopic: Work100. Based on research, a person who has been unemployed for more than 90 days or more has a higher risk ofA. early death over the next thirty years.B. anxiety disorders over the next eight years.C. cardiovascular disease over the next eight years.D. heart attack over the next four years.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Early AdulthoodTopic: Middle AdulthoodTopic: Unemployment101. How does job performance by middle-aged workers compare to those of younger adults?A. The diversity of job tasks in the workforce make it too difficult to accurately compare the two groups.B. For most jobs, significant reductions in work productivity are seen.C. For most jobs, some performance issues related to cognitive decline occur.D. For most jobs, no differences in performance have been found.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Middle AdulthoodTopic: Work102. One of the best predictors of job performance in older adults isA. cognitive ability.B. gender.C. socioemotional development.D. mastery.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Middle AdulthoodTopic: Work103. Compared with younger counterparts, older workers haveA. more accidents.B. lower job satisfaction.C. more promotions.D. lower absenteeism.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Late AdulthoodTopic: Work104. Which of the following statements about older adults in the workforce is TRUE?A. The percentage of 70- to 74-year-olds in the workforce has increased since 2000.B. The percentage of older adults 65- to 69 years old in the workforce has decreased slightly. since 2000.C. Most older adults in the workforce have poorer physical profiles compared to their peers who have retired.D. While more women have entered the workforce, the percentage of older adult women still working has decreased.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Late AdulthoodTopic: Work105. On average, retired adults return to the labor force _____ year(s) after retirement.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Late AdulthoodTopic: Retirement106. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Japanese retirees missed work slightly more than they expected and the money less than they expected.B. U.S. retirees missed the work and money slightly less than they expected.C. Turkish retirees were least likely to miss work.D. Chinese retirees were among those who missed work the most.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Late AdulthoodTopic: Retirement107. On average, how many years does an American spend in retirement?A. 7B. 10C. 18D. 23Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Late AdulthoodTopic: Retirement108. Linda is a retired married woman. Based on research into retirement practices, Linda most likelyA. spent as much time planning for retirement as her husband.B. spent more time planning for retirement than her husband.C. spent less time planning for retirement than her husband.D. spent no time planning for retirement.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychologyBloom's Taxonomy: ApplyDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Adjustment to RetirementTopic: Late Adulthood109. Retirement isA. a process, not an event.B. occurring earlier because of employment laws.C. more satisfying for single adults.D. a relief for most older adults.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Adjustment to RetirementTopic: Late Adulthood110. Research has shown that retired men have higher moraleA. if they are single.B. in the first ten years of retirement.C. in the first two years of retirement.D. if they return to the workforce after a long period of retirement.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: BasicLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Adjustment to RetirementTopic: Late Adulthood111. Compare the direct instruction and constructivist approaches to learning.

Direct instruction: teacher-centered; characterized by teacher control, mastery of academic skills, high expectations for students, and maximum time spent on learning tasks.Constructivist: learner-centered; emphasizes the importance of individuals actively constructing their knowledge and understanding with guidance from the teacher. Recently, an emphasis on collaboration has been growing in constructivist approaches.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: AnalyzeDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction ApproachesTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood112. List two positive effects and two criticisms of state-mandated academic testing of school-aged children.

Positive effects:1. Improved student performance.2. More time teaching the subjects tested.3. High expectations for all students.4. Identification of poorly performing teachers and administrators.5. Improved confidence in schools as test scores increase.Criticisms:1. Using a single score from a single test as the sole indicator of students' progress and competence represents a very narrow aspect of students' skills.2. Tests don't measure important skills such as creativity, motivation, persistence, etc.3. There is more emphasis on memorization of content materials.4. Teachers may teach to the test.Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AccountabilityTopic: AdolescenceTopic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Middle and Late Childhood113. Briefly describe the characteristics of the child-centered kindergarten approach to early childhood education.

Child-centered kindergarten education involves the whole child and includes concern for the child's physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development. Instruction is organized around the child's needs, interests, and learning style. Emphasis is on the process of learning, rather than what is learned.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education114. Briefly describe Project Head Start.

Project Head Start: a compensatory education program designed to give children from low-income families the opportunity to acquire the skills and experiences (prior to first grade) important for success when formal schooling begins in the first grade.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Early Childhood Education115. List three benefits and three difficulties or stresses of the transition to middle school or junior high.

Benefits:1. feeling more grown up2. can choose from more subjects3. more opportunities to spend time with peers4. more opportunities to locate compatible friends5. more intellectual challenges6. increased independence from direct parental monitoringDifficulties or stresses:1. stressful2. coincidence of puberty3. body image concerns4. changes in social cognition5. increased responsibility6. more teachers7. larger, more impersonal setting8. increased focus on achievement9. larger, more heterogeneous set of peers10. top-dog phenomenon11. decreased dependency on parents

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: Middle and Late ChildhoodTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School116. List three recommendations of the Carnegie Foundation for improving U.S. middle schools.

1. Develop smaller communities, or houses, to lessen the impersonal nature of large middle schools.2. Lower student-to-counselor ratios.3. Involve parents and community leaders in schools.4. Develop curricula that produce students who are literate, understand science, and have a sense of health, ethics, and citizenship.5. Have teachers team-teach in more flexibly designed curriculum blocks that integrate several disciplines.6. Boost students' health and fitness.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Middle and Late ChildhoodTopic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School117. List two reasons why students may drop out of high school.

1. school-related reasons (not liking school, being expelled or suspended)2. economic reasons3. personal reasons (pregnancy or marriage)

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: AdolescenceTopic: High School118. List the criteria for a learning disability.

1. difficulty in learning that involves understanding or using spoken or written language, and the difficulty that can appear in listening, thinking, reading, writing, and spelling2. may involve doing mathematics3. the learning problem is not primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities; mental retardation; emotional disorders; or is not due to environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood119. Explain dyslexia.

Dyslexia is a learning disability characterized by severe impairment in the ability to read and spell.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Learning DisabilitiesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood120. What are the three possible diagnoses of ADHD?

1. ADHD with predominantly inattention2. ADHD with predominantly hyperactivity/impulsivity3. ADHD with both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood121. What is the recommended treatment for ADHD?

Most experts recommend a combination of behavior management and medication for children with ADHD.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Topic: Middle and Late Childhood122. Describe what the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) does.

This act spells out broad mandates for services to all children with disabilities. These include evaluation and eligibility determination, appropriate education and the individualized education plan, and the least restrictive environment.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Educational IssuesTopic: Middle and Late Childhood123. List three of the seven strategies suggested for improving relations among ethnically diverse students.

1. Turn the class into a jigsaw classroom.2. Encourage students to have positive personal contact with diverse other students.3. Encourage students to engage in perspective taking.4. Reduce bias.5. View the school and community as a team to help support teaching efforts.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development.Topic: Ethnicity124. Compare extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.

Extrinsic motivation: doing something in order to obtain something else.Intrinsic motivation: the internal motivation to do something for its own sake.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychologyAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: AnalyzeDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation125. Describe some overall conclusions by researchers about the values of extrinsic vs. intrinsic motivation.

Researchers have overwhelmingly concluded that teachers should encourage students to become intrinsically motivated. Even so, extrinsic motivation is also important in the real world, and thinking that pits extrinsic motivation against intrinsic motivation ignores the fact that there can be a place for both in teaching and in children’s future lives. A student can both want to learn about a subject for the sake of learning and want to earn a good grade at the same time.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: EvaluationDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation126. Describe mastery, helpless, and performance orientation.

Mastery: focus on the task rather than on ability; generate solution-oriented strategies that improve performance; positive affectHelpless: focus on inadequacies; attribute difficulty to lack of ability; negative affectPerformance: focus is on outcome rather than process; winning matters

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsAPA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposesBloom's Taxonomy: RememberDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Mastery Motivation127. List two internal factors that influence children's achievement.

1. intrinsic motivation2. mastery orientation3. goal-setting4. planning5. self-monitoring

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement.Topic: Early ChildhoodTopic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic MotivationTopic: Mastery MotivationTopic: Middle and Late Childhood128. List two shifts in the way couples divide household responsibilities now that it is common for both spouses to work outside the home.

1. Men are increasing their responsibility for maintaining the home.2. Women are increasing their responsibility for breadwinning.3. Men are showing greater interest in their family and parenting.

Accessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: DifficultLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Dual-Career CouplesTopic: Early AdulthoodTopic: Middle Adulthood129. What are four characteristics of older adults who adjust best to retirement?

1. Healthy2. Adequate income3. Active4. Better educated5. Extended social network6. Satisfied with their jobs before they retired7. Married or remarriedAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationAPA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domainsBloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandDifficulty Level: ModerateLearning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement.Topic: Adjustment to RetirementTopic: Late Adulthood

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 129

APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology 9

APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains 129

APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology 25

APA Outcome: 4.1: Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes 8

Bloom's Taxonomy: Analyze 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply 27

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluation 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember 71

Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand 28

Difficulty Level: Basic 79

Difficulty Level: Difficult 14

Difficulty Level: Moderate 36

Learning Objective: Describe the role of schools in development. 83

Learning Objective: Discuss career development; work; and retirement. 21

Learning Objective: Explain the key aspects of achievement. 25

Topic: Accountability 4

Topic: Adjustment to Retirement 4

Topic: Adolescence 25

Topic: Adult Education 2

Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) 10

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorders 6

Topic: Career Development 2

Topic: Constructivist and Direct Instruction Approaches 10

Topic: Cross-Cultural Comparisons 2

Topic: Dual-Career Couples 1

Topic: Early Adulthood 7

Topic: Early Childhood 36

Topic: Early Childhood Education 13

Topic: Educational Issues 8

Topic: Elementary School 1

Topic: Emerging Adulthood 1

Topic: Ethnicity 1

Topic: Expectations 1

Topic: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation 8

Topic: Goal Setting, Planning, Self-Monitoring 3

Topic: High School 3

Topic: Late Adulthood 9

Topic: Learning Disabilities 13

Topic: Mastery Motivation 6

Topic: Middle Adulthood 7

Topic: Middle and Late Childhood 60

Topic: Mindset 2

Topic: Retirement 3

Topic: Self-Determination and Choice 1

Topic: Self-Efficacy 3

Topic: Socioeconomic Status 1

Topic: Transition to College 3

Topic: Transition to Middle/Junior High School 8

Topic: Unemployment 1

Topic: Work 10