Test Questions & Answers Ch14 Infectious Diseases Climate

Chapter 14: Infectious Diseases: Climate Change and Public Health

Multiple Choice

1. According to CDC, the amoeba Naegleria flowleri generally thrives in what types of environment?

A. Warm, saltwater bodies

B. Cold, saltwater bodies

C. Warm, freshwater bodies

D. Cold, freshwater bodies

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2. How many deaths worldwide are attributed to the health effects of climate changes worldwide?

A. 50,000

B. 150,000

C. 500,000

D. 1,000,000

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3. An examples of change in the geographic distribution of a currently-reported disease related to climate changes is seen in:

A. Measles and mumps

B. Avian influenza

C. Lyme disease and hantavirus

D. Norovirus outbreaks

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4. An example of a mitigating factor that may impact the incidence of infectious diseases related to climate change is:

A. Urban setting

B. Inadequate housing

C. Poverty

D. Public health infrastructure

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5. What geographic area has been characterized as a “canary in the global coal mine,” with regards to climate changes?

A. Australia

B. Africa

C. Arctic

D. Asia

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6. The most-important malaria-causing parasites worldwide are:

A. Plasmodium vivax and falciparum

B. Plasmodium brasilianum and vivax

C. Plasmodium wallikeri and falciparum

D. Plasmodium curtisi and knowlesi

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7. The occurrence of meningitis epidemics from December to May in parts of sub-Saharan Africa has been termed:

A. The epidemic season

B. The arid infection

C. The meningitis belt

D. The endemic condition

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8. The viral infection sometimes characterized as an “old enemy, new threat,” as a result of climate changes is:

A. Avian influenza

B. Eastern equine encephalitis

C. Dengue fever

D. Malaria

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9. Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted by the bite of an infected:

A. Bird

B. Bat

C. Mosquito

D. Tic

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10. The more holistic and interdisciplinary approach that connects, animal health, human health, and the environment is called:

A. Complementary medicine

B. One health

C. Zoonotic spread

D. Wellness conservation

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True or False

11. Information about climate norms is available from the National Oceanic and Atomic Administration (NOAA).

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12. In the United States a U.S. National Climate Assessment is required by the U.S. Congress every 4 years to provide data to a wide range of audiences.

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13. Severe weather related to climate changes may result in injuries, homelessness, and chronic stress.

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14. The Lancet Commission reported for the year 2000 that about 5.5 million disability adjusted life years lost are attributed to climate change globally.

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15. For vector-borne diseases, changes in weather-related factors may it easy to predict the adverse impacts on human health.

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16. Influences on local habitats, impact of temperature on reproductive cycles, and human-related behaviors are all important in predicting the impact of climate changes on infectious diseases.

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17. Malaria, dengue, and viral encephalitis are all examples of climate-sensitive diseases.

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18. Scientists report consensus about long-term impacts of climate change on rates of infectious diseases.

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19. Dengue fever is spread by Aedes mosquitos.

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20. In 2013, according to the CDC, reported Lyme disease cases have increased dramatically in the past decade, and now represents the sixth most common reported disease in the U.S.

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21. Scientists have predicted more than a doubling of the Canadian tick population by 2080 with increased risk for Lyme disease in Canada.

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22. About half of all human pathogens are zoonotic.

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23. The complex interactions between climate, environmental changes, and health of both humans and animals requires a team of experts from different disciplines.

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24. Surveillance systems, predictive models, and other early warning systems have been successfully used in the United States and globally to predict health impacts of climate changes.

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25. Research gaps in understanding climate changes and public health include identifying “sentinel species” to serve as an early warning.

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Multiple Answer

26. According to CDC, which of the following health effects may result from climate changes?

A. Infectious diseases

B. Injuries

C. Heat stress

D. Respiratory symptoms

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27. Types of infectious diseases related to climate change include:

A. Waterborne

B. Foodborne

C. Air borne

D. Vector related

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28. Which of the following may be impacted by “extreme” weather?

A. Food and nutrition

B. Changes in disease distribution

C. Housing

D. Changes in population migration

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29. According to the Lancet Commission, which populations will experience greater adverse health consequences related to climate change?

A. Higher income countries

B. Rural settings

C. Very old and very young people

D. Populations in coastal regions

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30. In the World Health Organization’s “Top 10 Actions for National and Local Policy Makers” to protect public health from climate change, which of the following are included?

A. Health impact assessment

B. Protection of vulnerable populations

C. Disease surveillance

D. Education and communication

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