Test Bank Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis Ch.54 - Test Bank | Epidemiology of Chronic Disease 2e by Harris by Randall E. Harris. DOCX document preview.

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Test Bank Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis Ch.54

Chapter 54. Epidemiology of Tuberculosis

TEST BANK

True/False Questions

  1. Approximately one third of the world population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  2. Globally, there were an estimated 10 million incident cases of TB in 2017.
  3. Approximately 1.6 million people died from tuberculosis in 2017; of these, 300,000 (19%) were co-infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and the remainder were HIV-negative.
  4. The case fatality rate exceeds 50% among patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) or Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB).
  5. Tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV/AIDS cause nearly five million deaths per year in the world population.
  6. In the USA, the rate of TB in foreign-born persons is similar to that in US-born persons.
  7. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be transmitted by persons with active or inactive disease.
  8. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be transmitted by ingestion of contaminated milk or meat.
  9. Highly Active Anti-Retrovirus Therapy (HAART) has been found to significantly reduce the incidence of tuberculosis by 81% in patients with HIV disease.
  10. In endemic areas of TB, the risk of developing active disease is highest during the first year of life.
  11. Pregnancy significantly heightens the risk of developing active TB in seropositive women.
  12. Many non-infectious risk factors such as smoking, COPD, and diabetes significantly heighten the risk of developing active tuberculosis among patients with latent disease.
  13. Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) does not respond to first line drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin).
  14. Extensively drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is resistant to first-line drugs and three or more of the six classes of second-line drugs.
  15. XDR-TB rarely does not respond to any drug.

Multiple Choice Questions

  1. Approximately how many people in the world population are seropositive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
    1. 100 million
    2. 500 million
    3. 1 billion
    4. 2 billion
  2. Approximately how many people died in 2016 from TB per se or co-infection with TB and HIV?
    1. 1.0 million
    2. 1.5 million
    3. 1.6 million
    4. 2.0 million
  3. How many annual deaths are attributed to HIV and TB co-infection in the world population?
    1. 100,000
    2. 300,000
    3. 800,000
    4. 1 million
  4. Non-infectious Risk factors for active TB include all of the following except:
    1. obesity.
    2. tobacco smoking.
    3. diabetes.
    4. silicosis.
  5. The case fatality rate is highest for which of the following combinations?
    1. Pregnancy plus TB
    2. Co-infection with HIV and TB
    3. Pregnancy plus co-infection with HIV and TB
    4. Pregnancy plus co-infection with HBV and TB
  6. By definition, MDR-TB is resistant to which of the following drugs?
    1. Isoniazid
    2. Rifampicin
    3. Pyrazinamide
    4. a and b are correct.
    5. a, b and c are all correct.

7. In which of the following countries are infants not routinely vaccinated against TB with the Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG)?

    1. South Africa
    2. France
    3. Great Britain
    4. United States
  1. What ethnic group in the USA has the highest rate of active TB?
    1. Caucasian Americans
    2. African Americans
    3. Hispanic Americans
    4. Asian Americans

Essay Questions

  1. Describe the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

  1. Discuss the global epidemiology of tuberculosis.

  1. Discuss the impact of immigration on rates of TB in the US population.

  1. Discuss the emergence of MDR-TB and XDR-TB.

  1. Discuss the global health impact of co-infections with HIV and TB.

  1. Discuss non-infectious risk factors for active tuberculosis.

  1. Discuss the development and global use of the Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG).

  1. Discuss global strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of tuberculosis.

1. Pursue high-quality DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short-course) expansion and enhancement.

2. Address TB/HIV, MDR-TB, XDR-TB, and other special challenges.

3. Contribute to health system strengthening.

4. Engage all care providers.

5. Empower people with TB and communities through partnership.

6. Enable and promote TB research.

Document Information

Document Type:
DOCX
Chapter Number:
54
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 54 Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis
Author:
Randall E. Harris

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