Chapter 5

Media and Culture

1. True/False The male gaze can be defined as the process of men looking at pornography.
2. True/False Chapter 5 emphasizes that MTV is a blending of advertising and entertainment that has been primarily negative for women.
3. True/False Men are more likely than women to use the Internet for entertainment purposes.
4. True/False Toni Morrison received the Nobel Prize for literature.
5. True/False Virginia Woolf asked the question, “Why has there been no female Huckleberry Finn?”
6. True/False Most successful bloggers are formally trained as journalists.
7. True/False The Walt Disney Corporation is the largest media conglomerate in the world.
8. True/False Cloud computing merges business with social networking concepts by developing interactive communities that connect individuals based on shared business needs or experiences.
9. True/False More than half of the world’s population has used the services of the Internet.
10. True/False About two-thirds of Americans with cell phones access the Internet through their phones.
11. True/False Three-quarters of all U.S. teenagers use a cell phone.
12. True/False Mobile phone technologies appear to encourage more prosocial and empathic behavior.
13. Which of the following is a term describing the speed with which technology evolves or becomes obsolete?
    1. Glass escalator
    2. Glass ceiling
    3. Technology turnover
    4. Technology acceleration
14. Which of the following is the activist media literacy project discussed in Chapter 5?
    1. Fostering Activism and Alternatives Now! (FAAN)
    2. Freedom from Media Oppression! (FFMO)
    3. Women United for Media Transformation! (WUMT)
    4. Women Against Media Garbage! (WAMG)

15. Which of the following is a metal essential for mobile phone technologies whose mining is currently financing a war?

• 1. Plutonium
  2. Coltan
  3. Aluminum
  4. Carbon

16. Who identified the concept of the “male gaze”?

a. bell hooks

b. Audre Lorde

c. Linda Alvarez

d. Laura Mulvey

17. Those theorists that believe pornography is empowering for women are known as

a. Sex renegades

b. Sex radicals

c. Sex theorists

d. Sex reformers

18. Chapter 5 explains that women’s magazines involve a genre that can be divided into certain types. Which of the following types are included in this genre?

a. Fashion

b. Domesticity

c. Issue periodicals

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (b) and (c)

e. All of the above

f. None of the above

19. The “status quo” involves

a. Established patterns of power

b. Systems of inequality that enforce “isms”

c. Political power groups

d. All of the above

20. Currently approximately what percentage of internet traffic is pornography?

a. 23

b. 18

c. 15

d. 8

21. Web 2.0 applications include

a. Data dredging

b. Mashups

c. Blogging

d. Social networking

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (c) and (d)

e. All of the above

f. None of the above

22. Activist strategies for getting the media’s attention do not include which of the following?

a. Have a clear message

b. Offer news

c. Get in reporters’ faces

d. Choose the right media

23. According to the “Digital Around the World in 2018” graphic on p. 226, what percentage of the world population uses the internet?

a. More than one-half

b. One-third

c. One-quarter

d. One-fifth

24. The #MeToo movement is an example of activism (rather than slacktivism) because

a. People marched and used their computers

b. Activists called for more formal structural support of survivors

c. Stars like Alyssa Milano participated

d. There was a backlash against people who named abusers

25. Big Hollywood studio films usually reflect the cultural norm because

a. Only normal people go to the movies

b. The people who control the budgets for Hollywood films generally have a narrow world view

c. Viewers won’t pay to see feminist films

d. Most contemporary filmmakers don’t want to highlight different perspectives

Reading 30 “Thinking about Shakespeare’s Sister” Virginia Woolf

1. True/False In “Thinking about Shakespeare’s Sister,” Virginia Woolf argues that a woman could never have written the works of Shakespeare.
2. True/False In “Thinking about Shakespeare’s Sister,” Virginia Woolf tells readers that Shakespeare’s imaginary sister left home for London because she didn’t want to get married.
3. True/False In Virginia Woolf’s “Thinking about Shakespeare’s Sister,” Shakespeare’s sister’s first play met with very poor reviews because she was a woman.
4. In Virginia Woolf’s “Thinking about Shakespeare’s Sister,” Shakespeare’s imaginary sister came to a bad end and was buried specifically near where?

a. Paddington

b. Trafalgar Square

c. Westminster Abbey

d. The Elephant and Castle

5. In her essay “Thinking About Shakespeare’s Sister,” Virginia Woolf names Shakespeare’s imaginary sister

a. Jane

b. Joan

c. Judith

d. Janet

6. In her essay, “Thinking About Shakespeare’s Sister,” Virginia Woolf argues that highly gifted girls who lived during Shakespeare’s time would not become successful writers like Shakespeare because they were not allowed to

a. Receive an education

b. Practice the craft of writing

c. Live alone

d. Earn money independent of their families

e. Both (a) and (b)

f. Both (c) and (d)

g. All of the above

h. None of the above

Reading 31 “The Wife” Emily Dickinson

1. True/False In “The Wife,” Emily Dickinson demands that women keep their own name at marriage.
2. True/False In “The Wife,” Emily Dickinson notes that it is traditional for brides to be given wood and pearls at the wedding.
3. True/False In “The Wife,” Emily Dickinson critiques the institution of marriage because it stifles women.
4. According to Dickinson in “The Wife,” being a wife means

a. Giving up your former life

b. Rising to meet a husband’s demands

c. Agreeing to sexual relations nightly

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (a) and (c)

f. All of the above

1. In “The Wife,” Emily Dickinson writes in the first stanza that the woman in her poem,

“…dropped/

The playthings of her life to take the honorable work/

Of woman and wife.”

These lines can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

a. A woman’s interests outside of marriage are considered unimportant

b. A woman’s interests outside or marriage are considered to be very important

c. Sometimes women drop their marital responsibilities to follow their dreams

d. Sometimes men drop their wives when they carry them over the threshold after the wedding

1. In “The Wife,” Emily Dickinson writes in the third stanza,

“…as the sea/

Develops pearl and weed/

But only to himself is known/

The fathoms they abide.”

These lines can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

a. Women who are bad housekeepers are like weeds

b. Women who are good housekeepers are like pearls

c. Women don’t share their dreams and aspirations with anyone

d. Women should share their dreams and aspirations with their husbands

Reading 32 “Poetry is Not a Luxury” Audre Lorde

1. True/False Audre Lorde explains that the places of possibility within ourselves are dark, ancient, and hidden (“Poetry Is Not a Luxury”).
2. Audre Lorde’s “Poetry Is Not a Luxury, the white fathers tell us, “I think, therefore

a. I am

b. I conquer

c. I love

d. I have power

3. The European way of living, according to Audre Lorde in “Poetry Is Not a Luxury,” relies solely upon

a. Emotion

b. Objectivity

c. Ideas and cognition

d. All of the above

4. According to Audre Lorde in “Poetry Is Not a Luxury,” poetry is not only dream and vision but also

a. The structure of the ways our lives are built

b. The bridge for our emotions

c. The foundation for transformation

d. All of the above

5. In her essay, “Poetry Is Not a Luxury,” Audre Lorde argues that poetry is

a. A source of empowerment for women

b. Just as important as clothes and jewelry

c. Less important than clothes and jewelry

d. Not worth making time for

Reading 33 “Tweeting Back While Shouting Back: Social Media and Feminist Activism” Emma Turley and Jenny Fisher

1. True/False Emma Turley and Jenny Fisher argue that social media and SNSs are important platforms for feminist activism.
2. True/False Emma Turley and Jenny Fisher argue that social media and SNSs are a 21^st-century feminist utopia.
3. #EverydaySexism is a hashtag that Laura Bates created to allow women to

a. Show that sexism doesn’t exist in the 21^st century

b. Name micro and macro sexist incidents from their daily lives

c. Commit libel against individual men by lying about them in public

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (b) and (c)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above

1. #AskThicke is a hashtag that feminists appropriated to

a. Ask for Robin Thicke to re-Tweet them

b. Endorse Robin Thicke’s views on rape culture

c. Ask Robin Thicke to sing “Blurred Lines”

d. Confront Robin Thicke about his misogynistic lyrics and video

1. Choose one reason why social media does not have radical potential for feminist activism:

a. It generates a space for discussion about feminist issues

b. Trolls often threaten to kill online feminist activists

c. Diverse groups of people can participate

d. Feminists can share their experiences with one another

Reading 34 “The Sexual Politics of Veggies: Beyoncé’s ‘Commodity Vegism’” Ella Fegitz and Daniela Pirani

1. True/False According to Ella Fegitz and Daniela Pirani, vegetables have traditionally been associated with sexual abstention and frigidity (“The Sexual Politics of Veggies”).
2. True/False “Post-feminism” is a celebration of political engagement against gender inequality (Ella Fegitz and Daniela Pirani/“The Sexual Politics of Veggies”).
3. True/False Food and gender are symbolically linked (Ella Fegitz and Daniela Pirani/“The Sexual Politics of Veggies”).
4. In “The Sexual Politics of Veggies,” Ella Fegitz and Daniela Pirani argue that Beyoncé’s widely publicized adoption of a vegan diet

a. Commodifies veganism as a consumer choice

b. Connects veganism with self-control and self-improvement

c. Undermines eco-feminist veganism as an ethical and political choice

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (c) and (d)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above.

1. In “The Sexual Politics of Veggies,” Ella Fegitz and Daniela Pirani’s term “commodity vegism,” refers to which of the following?

a. Fresh fruits and vegetables are very expensive

b. Ethical eco-feminist veganism and vegetarianism has been appropriated and used in the service of post-feminist aims

c. People eat more vegetables since they learned about Beyoncé’s vegan diet

d. Both (a) and (b)

e. Both (c) and (d)

f. All of the above

g. None of the above.

Reading 35 “Cardi B: Love & Hip Hop’s Unlikely Feminist Hero” Sherri Williams

1. True/False In “Cardi B,” Sherri Williams argues that academic feminists should take Cardi B’s definition of feminism seriously.
2. True/False Gwendolyn Pough’s term “bringing wreck” means to destroy something beyond all recognition (Sherri Williams/“Cardi B”).
3. In “Cardi B,” Sherri Williams defends Beyoncé’s feminism, arguing that Beyoncé has
   1. Grown as a feminist over time
   2. Called for resistance to white supremacist institutions
   3. Sampled Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s We Should All Be Feminists
   4. Both (a) and (b)
   5. Both (b) and (c)
   6. All of the above
   7. None of the above
4. In “Cardi B,” Sherri Williams argues that Cardi B’s feminism is worth supporting because
   1. Bodak Yellow is an amazing song
   2. Cardi B is authentic and true to herself
   3. Cardi B doesn’t strip anymore
   4. Love & Hip Hop was a hit show
5. The fact that some academic feminists respond negatively to pop culture icons such as Cardi B and Beyoncé indicates which of the following (Sherri Williams/“Cardi B”)?
   1. There is still a notion that academics should define what counts as “real” feminism
   2. Academics and pop culture icons don’t get along
   3. Feminism and pop culture don’t have anything to do with each other
   4. Both (a) and (b)
   5. Both (b) and (c)
   6. All of the above
   7. None of the above

Reading 36 “A Corporation in Feminist Clothing?: Young Women Discuss the Dove ‘Real Beauty’ Campaign” Judith Taylor, Josee Johnston, Krista Whitehead

1. True/False Scholarship on the commodification of feminist ideals generally focuses more on the production of corporate messages rather than on their reception (“A Corporation in Feminist Clothing?”).
2. True/False Feminist consumerism is a corporate strategy that uses feminist messages of empowerment to market products (“A Corporation in Feminist Clothing?”).
3. True/False The Dove “Real Beauty” campaign specifically targets women’s insecurities about their bodies (“A Corporation in Feminist Clothing?”).
4. The authors of “A Corporation in Feminist Clothing?” note that focus group participants felt that the “Real Beauty” campaign didn’t authentically engage with feminist ideas because the campaign
   1. Reinforced the concept that beauty is compulsory for women
   2. Featured women in their underwear
   3. Encouraged gender nonconformity
   4. Featured dark-skinned models in hijab
5. The authors of “A Corporation in Feminist Clothing?” note that focus group participants were wary of the idea that corporations can promote feminist agendas because of their concerns that
6. Corporations don’t employ academic feminists
7. Corporations don’t give money and support to causes without strings attached
8. Corporations are ultimately more invested in making money than enacting social change
9. Corporations will strive to decenter consumerism