Chapter 3: Gender and Sexuality

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The gender binary system portrays masculinity and femininity as ______.

A. complementary

B. opposites

C. overlapping

D. genetically determined

Learning Objective: 3-1: Define the social construction of gender.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Social Construction of Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The existence of third-gender people in different cultures provides support for which sociological argument?

A. That sexuality is disconnected from gender.

B. That gender remains partially connected to sex.

C. That most people are gender fluid.

D. That gender is socially constructed.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.” |3-1: Define the social construction of gender.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Challenging the Gender Binary: Gender in Non-Western Cultures

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Which process refers to how we learn what it means to be a man or woman in a particular society?

A. gender socialization

B. gender normalization

C. gender schema theory

D. doing gender

Learning Objective: 3-1: Define the social construction of gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Construction of Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Someone whose self-identity matches the gender they were assigned at birth is called ______.

A. agender

B. cisgender

C. transgender

D. intersex

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Construction of Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. A person who displays both feminine and masculine characteristics could be best described as ______.

A. agender

B. androgynous

C. gender fluid

D. transgender

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. West and Zimmerman (1987) theorize gender to be ______.

A. static and relatively unchanging

B. an identity free from inequality

C. a performance

D. something that we do in our interactions

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Doing Gender

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Saying to a woman, “It’s really cool that you’re a woman who studies chemistry,” is an example of which concept?

A. gender attribution

B. gender role

C. benevolent sexism

D. gender nonconformity

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Gender Inequality

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. In the United States, widespread expectations that men be heterosexual, aggressive, strong, and independent are evidence of ______.

A. hegemonic masculinity

B. complicit masculinity

C. hybrid masculinity

D. hypermasculinity

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the intersection of gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Masculinity and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Both femininity and masculinity in the United States assume ______.

A. strength

B. emotionality

C. heterosexuality

D. intelligence

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the intersection of gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Masculinity and Sexuality | Femininity and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Which wave of feminism coincided with other social movements like anti-war and civil rights movements?

A. first wave

B. second wave

C. third wave

D. fourth wave

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the intersection of gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Femininity and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. According to Connell, emphasized femininity ______.

A. is hegemonic

B. is an exaggeration of feminine behaviors

C. accommodates the desires of men

D. challenges normative ideas of femininity

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the intersection of gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Femininity and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. According to the authors, which of the following is considered an umbrella term for a broad range of gender identities?

A. transgender

B. transsexual

C. nonbinary

D. agender

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss transgender and gender nonbinary identities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Transgender

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. ______ is defined as experiencing distress when one’s body does not match one’s gender identity.

A. Reassignment syndrome

B. Transition

C. Transsexual identity

D. Gender dysphoria

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss transgender and gender nonbinary identities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Transgender

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. What has been the standard medical response to intersex infants?

A. offering surgical and nonsurgical solutions

B. recommending no medical or psychological intervention

C. allowing children to decide for themselves if they want surgery

D. undertaking medical procedures to assign infants to one sex

Learning Objective: 3-5: Recognize intersex and the sex binary.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intersex

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Assigning sex to intersex infants is based on an assumption of future ______.

A. gender identity

B. heterosexuality

C. asexuality

D. sexual fluidity

Learning Objective: 3-5: Recognize intersex and the sex binary.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intersex and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Gender fluidity is the same thing as androgyny.

Learning Objective: 3-1: Define the social construction of gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gender Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. A gender schema is a unique framework a person develops for understanding gendered expectations.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Identity

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Hegemonic femininity enjoys the same dominance as hegemonic masculinity.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the intersection of gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Masculinity and Sexuality | Femininity and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Cross-dressing simultaneously reinforces and challenges gender norms.

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss transgender and gender nonbinary identities.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Cross-Dressers, Drag Queens, and Kings

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Being intersex is directly connected to biological sex characteristics.

Learning Objective: 3-5: Recognize intersex and the sex binary.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intersex and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Describe one example of a third or nonbinary gender in non-Western cultures, and explain how the existence of third-gender people challenges the gender binary.

Learning Objective: 3-1: Define the social construction of gender.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Challenging the Gender Binary: Gender in Non-Western Cultures

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. What does it mean to “do gender?” Provide one example of how you have done gender recently.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Doing Gender

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Why are there different forms of masculinity in the United States?

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the intersection of gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Masculinity and Sexuality | Femininity and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What does it mean to transition?

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss transgender and gender nonbinary identities.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Transgender

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. How is intersex different from the other concepts discussed in this chapter?

Learning Objective: 3-5: Recognize intersex and the sex binary.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intersex

Difficulty Level: Hard

Essay

1. Describe the gender binary system. What are some key socially accepted behaviors associated with femininity and masculinity? How do gender expectations impact our everyday lives?

Learning Objective: 3-1: Define the social construction of gender. | 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Social Construction of Gender

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Explain how gender nonconformity can both challenge and reproduce the gender binary system.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Doing Gender

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. What does it mean to identify as transgender? What are some of the challenges, barriers, and discrimination that transgender people face in our society related to the gender binary?

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss transgender and gender nonbinary identities.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Transgender

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What does it mean to be born intersex? What is the traditional medical response to this condition, and how is that response problematized?

Learning Objective: 3-5: Recognize intersex and the sex binary.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Intersex | Intersex and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. How are desire and pleasure socially constructed? How are desires gendered?

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the intersection of gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Intersection of Gender and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Compare and contrast androgyny, gender fluidity, and agender.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the gender binary and the concept of “doing gender.”

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Gender Identity

Difficulty Level: Hard