Chapter 5: Personality and Emotional Regulation

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The Big Five personality traits include all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A. neuroticism

B. flexibility

C. agreeableness

D. extroversion

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Personality in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. An individual who self-selects activities that are linked to high stimulation in hormonal activation might have higher ______.

A. agreeableness

B. introversion

C. neuroticism

D. extroversion

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Defining Personality in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Trait-related growth may ______ by middle adulthood, while trait-related adjustment may ______ into later life.

A. increase; decrease

B. decrease; increase

C. remain stable; increase

D. remain stable; decrease

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Personality in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Personality is considered to be an important part of human development because ______.

A. there is a far-reaching impact on our daily lives

B. it changes dramatically over time

C. it predicts nearly every negative and positive outcome we experience

D. it is the best predictor of biological health

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Defining Personality in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Early stage theories of personality ______.

A. were never sequential

B. included aspects of individual-difference factors

C. did not describe developmental patterns

D. failed to consider the influence of culture

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Stability and Change: Stage and Non-Stage Theories of Traits

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development highlighted the idea that individuals experiences different ______ that they can become fixated in due to situational or social issues.

A. psychosocial crises

B. life structures

C. role identities

D. intimacy abilities

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Stability and Change: Stage and Non-Stage Theories of Traits

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The ______ includes aspects of nature and nurture.

A. the big five

B. cognitive approach

C. Theory of Psychosexual Development

D. Whole Trait Theory

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Stability and Change: Stage and Non-Stage Theories of Traits

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. The ______ includes an appraisal and modification process that individuals might use when coping with stressful situations.

A. the big five

B. cognitive approach

C. Theory of Psychosexual Development

D. Whole Trait Theory

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Stability and Change: Stage and Non-Stage Theories of Traits

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. A major criticism of trait approaches is that they ______.

A. are too rigid in their approach

B. guide our development with fluctuations

C. overutilize person-context dynamic factors

D. undervalue person-context dynamic factors

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Stability and Change: Stage and Non-Stage Theories of Traits

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. ______ relates to how a person is motivated to perform and adapt in a given situation.

A. Temperament

B. Personal preference

C. Interpersonal abilities

D. Impulsivity

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The “Big Five” and Other Personality Models

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. A person who defines intelligence from an entity orientation is ______.

A. unconcerned about others’ opinions and beliefs

B. highly engaged in recreational activities

C. less likely to engage in effortful learning activities

D. more likely to engage in effortful learning activities

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The “Big Five” and Other Personality Models

Difficulty Level: Hard

12. According to Neugarten’s social clock concept, being early off-time might result in ______ feelings.

A. positive

B. anxious

C. neutral

D. distressed

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Observable Behaviors and Impression Management

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Older adults are more likely to have a(n) ______ role and use fewer ______ coping strategies compared to middle-aged adults.

A. passive; reactive

B. active; proactive

C. active; reactive

D. passive; proactive

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Emotional Regulation in Later Life

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Changing one’s behavioral response to an emotional event has been called ______.

A. assimilation

B. reappraisal

C. suppression

D. reevaluation

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Emotional Regulation in Later Life

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Which of the following is not a subconstruct of emotional intelligence?

A. self-awareness

B. self-regulation

C. fluid ability

D. motivation

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. A person that has an ability to understand personal drives, values, and goals has ______.

A. self-awareness

B. self-regulation

C. social skills

D. motivation

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Hard

17. Someone who believes that his or her intellect is flexible and will focus on the process of learning has a(n) ______.

A. incremental self-theory

B. entity self-theory

C. positive self-esteem

D. negative self-esteem

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Hard

18. Two independent predictors of personal success in adulthood are ______.

A. acceptance and resilience

B. resilience and self-control

C. self-control and social skills

D. self-control and self-esteem

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. ______ is an important part of personal growth and fulfilling one’s potential.

A. Resilience

B. Emotional intelligence

C. Active engagement

D. Self-esteem

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Self-Determination and Personal Growth

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. How individuals ______ to anticipated and unanticipated losses in adulthood is critical to positive aging.

A. utilize impression management

B. engage in professional interactions

C. emotionally adjust

D. investigate coping strategies

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Emotional Adaptation to Aging-Related Losses and Changes

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. A person who views their intelligence from an incremental perspective is more likely to engage in effortful learning.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The “Big Five” and Other Personality Models

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. The big-five personality model has been indicated that there is some stability in traits over time with diverse groups of individuals.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The “Big Five” and Other Personality Models

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Core traits from the big five (e.g., neuroticism, extraversion) are considered to be dichotomous traits, present or not present.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The “Big Five” and Other Personality Models

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Research suggests that the resiliency response to a situation may be more important than the impact of the event.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Resiliency in Adjustment to Aging

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Maintaining positive social relationships is associated with less depression and may act as a buffer for stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Resiliency in Adjustment to Aging

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Life satisfaction and subjective well-being is not impacted by perceived personal health status.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Resiliency in Adjustment to Aging

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. People who have lower scores on neuroticism and higher extraversion have more positive reactions.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Resiliency in Adjustment to Aging

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Middle-aged adults are less likely to use optimism as a mood regulation strategy.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. Emotional intelligence is a meaningful predictor of life satisfaction.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. It is not important to understand the role of culture in understanding how people adapt and thrive in their social environment.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Self-Determination and Personal Growth

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. What is the definition of personality according to the American Psychological Association?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Personality in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. What is one of the major criticisms of early stage theories?

a life span.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Stability and Change: Stage and Non-Stage Theories of Traits

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Describe one of Whitbourne’s three forms of identity style.

Answer Location: Stability and Change: Stage and Non-Stage Theories of Traits

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. What are three examples of markers associated with life events according to the social clock theory?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Observable Behaviors and Impression Management

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Describe two subconstructs of emotional intelligence,

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Describe some of the concerns with using projective tests and self-report inventories.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The “Big Five” and Other Personality Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Why might impression management be important?

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Observable Behaviors and Impression Management

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. What are some factors that may impair self-control ability in older adults?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What is proactive coping, and why might it be important?

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Different Emotional Coping Styles and Strategies

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Describe Heckhausen and Schulz’s life span theory of self-regulation. Apply this theory to a real-life example one might experience as she or he ages.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Self-Determination and Personal Growth

Difficulty Level: Hard