Test Bank Chapter 4 Analyzing And Adapting To The Audience

Test Bank

Chapter 4: Analyzing and Adapting to the Audience

Multiple Choice

1. Your success as a speaker depends on which of the following ______.

a. reaching the audience

b. building your relationship with the audience

c. sharing your message with the audience

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Chapter 4. Analyzing and Adapting to the Audience

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which of the following is true regarding audience diversity?

a. You should adapt your speech based on your audience.

b. The language of your speech should not change based on your audience.

c. You should make assumptions about individual members in your audience based on the groups they belong to.

d. The less you know about your audience, the easier it is to speak to them.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1a. Consider the Audience’s Makeup–Explore and Celebrate Its Diversity

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. A speaker who is not self-centered, but motivated by an understanding of receivers is ______.

a. ineffective

b. audience centered

c. unclear

d. not interesting

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1. Reach Out to Your Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. To penetrate the invisible shield they use to protect themselves from information irrelevance, relate your ideas to which of the following?

a. their values

b. their beliefs

c. their needs

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.2. Answer Preliminary Questions

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Which of the following should be considered when composing a demographic snapshot?

a. age

b. height

c. eye color

d. financial situation

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. If you were talking to an audience of parents about what your university can offer, which topic would be least appropriate based on this demographic snapshot?

a. the personal attention from professors

b. the social “party” scene on campus

c. the resources available for struggling students

d. the high graduation rate of the university

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. A ______ audience is one whose members are similar in age, have similar characteristics, attitudes, values, and knowledge.

a. homogenous

b. heterogeneous

c. united

d. divided

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. A ______ audience is one composed of persons of diverse ages with different characteristics, attitudes, values, and knowledge.

a. homogenous

b. heterogeneous

c. united

d. divided

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Which of the following is true regarding generational differences of your audience?

a. Baby boomers tend to be less cynical.

b. Individuals born before 1945 tend to lean politically liberal.

c. Baby boomers tend to be less competitive.

d. Generation Y individuals tend to be focused on both friends and safety.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3a. Consider Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. According to sociolinguist Deborah Tannen, “women speak and hear a language of connection and intimacy” whereas “men speak and hear a language of ______ and ______.”

a. power; control

b. status; independence

c. humor; power

d. status; control

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3b. Consider Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Which of the following would be sensitive to and respectful of differing sexual orientations?

a. not asking the audience to indicate sexual orientation

b. using heteronormative standards if discussing hypothetical couples

c. including information that is relevant to a wide variety of orientations

d. making jokes about sexual orientation to break the ice

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3c. Respect Affectional Orientation

Difficulty Level: Hard

12. When speaking before a more knowledgeable audience, you will want to deliver a ______ presentation, that is, a presentation that considers alternative perspectives.

a. one-sided

b. two-sided

c. focused

d. unfocused

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3d. Gauge Knowledge Level

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. If you have an audience of religiously diverse listeners, you are encouraged ______.

a. to completely avoid controversial topics

b. to acknowledge that your listeners might disagree with you

c. to avoid questions or comments from the audience

d. to separate the audience by religion

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3e. Understand Racial, Ethnic, Religious, and Cultural Ties

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. If you have an audience of diverse listeners, it is helpful to acknowledge that some of your listeners may ______.

a. agree with your stance

b. disagree with your stance

c. be neutral to your stance

d. not hear what you will say

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3e. Understand Racial, Ethnic, Religious, and Cultural Ties

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Which of the following are examples of identity affiliations?

a. social groups

b. political groups

c. civil groups

d. all of these are identity affiliations

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3f. Identify Affiliations

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. A wealthy audience might not appreciate what it means to ______.

a. be a good speaker

b. grow up in poverty

c. be a good listener

d. speak about wealth

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3g. Consider Socioeconomics

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. When you learn about your audience member’s ______, you understand how they see themselves: their personality, values, attitudes, etc.

a. value orientation

b. value profile

c. psychological profile

d. psychographics

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.4. Compose a Psychographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Our ______ are the standards by which we judge what is right or wrong.

a. values

b. beliefs

c. attitudes

d. ethics

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.4a. Understand Values, Beliefs, and Attitudes

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Our ______ are what we hold to be true and false.

a. values

b. beliefs

c. attitudes

d. ethics

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.4a. Understand Values, Beliefs, and Attitudes

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. It is important to understand how your audience views your topic for which of the following reasons?

a. You can adapt your speech to address their values and concerns.

b. You can choose what information to keep from them.

c. You can demonstrate how your messages match their beliefs or values.

d. a and c

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.4b. Understand How the Audience Perceives Your Topic

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Which of the following is untrue regarding how the audience perceives you?

a. They are more likely to believe you if they think you are credible.

b. What they think of you can change how they accept your message.

c. If they believe you are credible, they are more likely to pay attention.

d. You cannot gain credibility in your speech, you either have it beforehand or you don’t.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.4c. Understand How the Audience Perceives You

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. When you consider the reason for why audience members are in attendance, you are analyzing the ______.

a. speaking situation

b. attendance situation

c. speaking purpose

d. attendance purpose

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.5. Consider the Speaking Situation

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Which of the following is a question you should ask yourself when analyzing the occasion?

a. Is the audience here voluntarily?

b. What kind of speech is the audience expecting?

c. What type of room will the speech be in?

d. All of these are questions you should ask

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.5a. Analyze the Occasion

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Considering the speaking situation includes which of the following?

a. considering the location

b. considering the time

c. understanding the audience’s mood

d. a and b

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.5. Consider the Speaking Situation

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Questionnaires generally contain three different kinds of questions, which is one of the common question types?

a. leading questions

b. abbreviated questions

c. open-ended questions

d. opinion questions

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. “Should carrying a concealed weapon be legal, yes or no?” is an example of which type of question?

a. open-ended

b. closed-ended

c. scaled

d. response

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. Asking respondents to report their feelings on organ donation using a continuum from “extremely negative” to “extremely positive” would be which type of question?

a. open-ended

b. closed-ended

c. scaled

d. response

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. Which of the following are true for open-ended questions?

a. They generate more detailed responses.

b. They may not deliver the desired information.

c. They may be harder to interpret.

d. All of these are true.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. “What are your feelings on same-sex adoption?” would be an example of which type of question?

a. open-ended

b. closed-ended

c. scaled

d. response

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. ______ status encompasses the incomes, educational background and occupations of a group of people.

a. Socioeconomic

b. Knowledge-base

c. Cultural

d. Homogeneous

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3g. Consider Socioeconomics

Difficulty Level: Medium

31. A ______ profile is a composite of characteristics including age; gender; educational level; racial, ethnic, or cultural ties; group affiliations; and socioeconomic background.

a. demographic

b. infographic

c. stereotypical

d. detail

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. If you can ______ with audience members, taking the perspective of your receivers and exhibiting emotional responsiveness to their wants and needs, then it becomes more likely that they will listen to and respond as you hope they will to your speech.

a. argue

b. identify

c. empathize

d. coordinate

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Medium

33. “What does an ideal career look like to you?” is an example of what kind of question?

a. closed-ended

b. scaled

c. informative

d. open-ended

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. When filling out a questionnaire that asks if you are “extremely satisfied,” “neutral” or “extremely dissatisfied,” you are answering what type of questions?

a. scaled

b. open-ended

c. directed

d. closed-ended

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

Fill-in-the-Blank

1. When you are gathering and interpreting information about receivers, you are conducting an______.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Chapter 4. Analyzing and Adapting to the Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. If you can ______ with audience members, taking the perspective of your receivers and exhibiting emotional responsiveness to their wants and needs, then it becomes more likely that they will listen to and respond as you hope they will to your speech.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. A speaker who is not self-centered, but is motivated by an understanding of receivers is considered ______.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1. Reach Out to Your Audience, 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Considering questions such as “To whom am I speaking?” or “How do they feel about my topic?” is part of conducting a(n) ______.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The audience serves as the speaker’s ______.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Chapter 4. Analyzing and Adapting to the Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. ______ questions invite participants to answer in their own words and thus produce more detailed and personal responses; however, they are also harder to interpret and may not provide the desired information.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Closed-ended questions are highly ______, requiring only that the respondent indicate which of the provided responses most accurately reflects his or her opinion and so generate clear, unambiguous answers.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. According to Tannen, “women speak and hear a language of ______ and ______” whereas “men speak and hear a language of status and independence.”

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3b. Consider Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Adapt your speech to reflect your audience’s ______ and ______.

Learning Objective: 4.2: Use the makeup of the audience to tailor your message.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1a. Consider the Audience’s Makeup–Explore and Celebrate Its Diversity

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. A ______ profile is a composite of characteristics such as age; gender; educational level; racial, ethnic or cultural ties; group affiliations; and socioeconomic background.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. A ______ audience is one whose members are similar in age, have similar characteristics, attitudes, values, and knowledge.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. You should use a ______-sided presentation if you have a more knowledgeable audience.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3d. Gauge Knowledge Level

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. When you are bearing in mind an audience member’s income, you are considering their ______ background.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3g. Consider Socioeconomics

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. ______-ended questions are highly structured, requiring only that the respondent indicate which of the provided responses most accurately reflects his or her opinion and so generate clear, unambiguous answers.

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Our values and our beliefs feed into the ______ that we hold.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.4a. Understand Values, Beliefs, and Attitudes

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. It is important to follow this advice: “If the time is short, don’t talk faster. Talk ______.”

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.5a. Analyze the Occasion

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Audience size and ______ are directly related.

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.5d. Gauge Audience Size

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. The ______ serves as the speaker’s compass or guide.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1. Reach Out to Your Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. A speaker should use a two-sided presentation if they have a ______ knowledgeable audience.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3d. Gauge Knowledge Level

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Those with memberships in ______ and ______ groups provide speakers with a pretty accurate prediction of the way audience members will react to a topic.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3f. Identify Affiliations

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Audience members will often filter out the information that they deem ______ important.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.2. Answer Preliminary Questions

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Audience ______ and ______ are directly related.

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.5d. Gauge Audience Size

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. The audience serves as the speaker’s compass.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1. Reach Out to Your Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. When you are gathering and interpreting information about receivers, you are conducting an audience analysis.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1. Reach Out to Your Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Aristotle once noted, “Of the three elements in speechmaking—speaker, subject, and person addressed—it is the last one, the listener, who determines the speech’s end and object.”

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1. Reach Out to Your Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. You should adapt your speech based on your audience.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1a. Consider the Audience’s Makeup–Explore and Celebrate Its Diversity

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. You can easily reach, influence, motivate, or entertain an audience without knowing about its members.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1. Reach Out to Your Audience

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. If you center attention on audience members, they will make you the center of their attention.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. “What are your thoughts on animal testing?” would be an example of an open-ended question.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Audience members will often filter out the information that they deem less important.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.2. Answer Preliminary Questions

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. You can adapt your speech to reflect your audience’s makeup and perspective.

Learning Objective: 4.2: Use the makeup of the audience to tailor your message.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1a. Consider the Audience’s Makeup–Explore and Celebrate Its Diversity

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. It is rare to have a heterogeneous audience.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. A heterogeneous audience is one whose members are similar in age, have similar characteristics, attitudes, values, and knowledge.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. It is most common to speak in front of a homogeneous audience.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. The age of the audience is rarely a factor to consider.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3a. Consider Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. A speaker should use a two-sided presentation if they have a more knowledgeable audience.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3d. Gauge Knowledge Level

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Memberships in occupational and social groups provide speakers with a pretty accurate prediction of the way audience members will react to a topic.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3f. Identify Affiliations

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. A heterogeneous audience is one whose members are similar in characteristics, attitudes, values, and knowledge.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Each member of your audience is a unique individual not simply a composite of a set of demographic factors.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3g. Consider Socioeconomics

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Before class starts or right after it finishes are good times to make small talk with your peers in an effort to discover what they think about certain topics.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.4b. Understand How the Audience Perceives Your Topic

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Audience size and formality are directly related.

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.5d. Gauge Audience Size

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Closed-ended questions are those that make it possible for a respondent to indicate his/her view along a continuum or scale.

Learning Objective: 4.5: Plan your speech to reflect the nature of the situation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. A homogeneous audience—one whose members are similar in age, have similar characteristics, attitudes, values, and knowledge—is rare.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. If you speak below an audience’s knowledge level, they might become bored or insulted.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3d. Gauge Knowledge Level

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. By focusing on what your audience needs, you can more effectively craft your speech in a way that will meet your goals most effectively.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. The self-centered speaker is motivated by an understanding of receivers.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Hard

Essay

1. Discuss and exemplify why it is important for a speaker to be an audience-centered speaker.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Explain the importance of using empathy as a speaker.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Make a list of possible preliminary questions to consider early in your analysis of the audience before a speech.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.1b. Be Audience Centered—Use Empathy

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Why would it change a speech on college life if you were speaking to students as opposed to parents?

Learning Objective: 4.2: Use the makeup of the audience to tailor your message.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.2. Answer Preliminary Questions

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Discuss and exemplify what might happen if you speak below an audience’s knowledge level.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.3d. Gauge Knowledge Level

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Describe the differences between a homogenous and a heterogeneous audience.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. What is a demographic profile? What is it used for?

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. How would it benefit us as speakers to understand our own values, beliefs, and attitudes?

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.4a. Understand Values, Beliefs, and Attitudes

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. What are some questions you can ask yourself if you discover your audience does not view you favorably?

Learning Objective: 4.4: Plan your speech to reflect audience psychographics.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.4b. Understand How the Audience Perceives Your Topic

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Questionnaires generally contain three different kinds of questions. List and describe them.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Discuss ways to make your speeches more inclusive.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. What are open-ended questions?

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. How can a speaker reflect on audience demographics?

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: 4.3. Compose a Demographic Snapshot

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. What are closed-ended questions?

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. What are scaled questions?

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. How can a speaker use personal knowledge and observations to their benefit?

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6b. Use Personal Knowledge and Observations

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. How can a speaker research audience attitude? Give some examples.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes, The Questionnaire

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Why is it important to understand how the audience perceives the speaker?

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.4c. Understand How the Audience Perceives You

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Compare and contrast scaled questions versus closed-ended questions.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Analyze your audience using formal and informal tools.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: 4.6c. Research Audience Attitudes

Difficulty Level: Hard

20. How do men and women speak and hear language differently?

Learning Objective: 4.3: Plan your speech to reflect audience demographics.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: 4.3b. Consider Gender

Difficulty Level: Medium