Test Bank Chapter 3 Epidemiology Of Coronary Heart Disease - Test Bank | Epidemiology of Chronic Disease 2e by Harris by Randall E. Harris. DOCX document preview.

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Test Bank Chapter 3 Epidemiology Of Coronary Heart Disease

Chapter 3. Epidemiology of Coronary Heart Disease

TEST BANK

True/False Questions

1. Coronary heart disease causes more than 9 million deaths annually.

  1. CHD is nearly always a consequence of longstanding atherosclerosis and the development of atheromatous plaques that occlude the coronary arteries.
  2. Annual disability adjusted life years (DALY) due to ischemic heart disease are 2 to 3-fold higher in Russia, India, North Africa, and the Middle East than in the USA, Canada, Western Europe, and Japan.
  3. Atherosclerosis progresses in sequential stages of endothelial dysfunction over a period of several months.
  4. In the Seven Countries Study, populations consuming a Mediterranean diet had the lowest rates of CHD.
  5. Results of the Framingham Heart Study confirmed the multifactorial nature of CHD.
  6. The international MONICA Project has documented a disturbing increasing trend in obesity worldwide.
  7. The five major risk factors for CHD are cigarette smoking, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inflammation.
  8. Most studies suggest that serum cholesterol level is a better predictor of impending CHD than C-reactive protein.
  9. Multiple CHD risk factors rarely cluster in the same individual.

Multiple Choice Questions

  1. Name the famous German pathologist who first postulated that atherosclerosis was due to the deposition of lipid-laden plaques in the lining of arteries.
    1. Nikolai Anitschkow
    2. Rudolph Virchow
    3. Louis Pasteur
    4. Edward Jenner
  2. The “response to injury” hypothesis states that atherosclerosis is primarily a consequence of:

a. inflammation.

b. high cholesterol.

c. hypertension.

d. smoking.

  1. The “dual hypothesis” of atherogenesis primarily involves what two processes?
    1. Smoking & Hypertension
    2. Hypercholesterolemia & Inflammation
    3. Hypercholesterolemia & Smoking
    4. Inflammation & Smoking
  2. What cells are the progenitors of foam cells in atherogenesis?
    1. Leukocytes
    2. Lymphocytes
    3. Macrophages
    4. Endothelial cells
  3. Which of the following statements are true?
    1. Results of the Framingham Study first demonstrated that high cholesterol increases the risk of CHD.
    2. Results of the Seven Countries Study first demonstrated that high cholesterol increases the risk of CHD.
    3. Results of the Framingham Study demonstrated significant cardioprotection from consuming a “Mediterranean diet.”
    4. Results of the Seven Countries Study demonstrated significant cardioprotection from consuming a “Mediterranean diet.”
    5. Both a and c are true.
    6. Both b and d are true.
  4. Which of the following are risk factors for CHD?
    1. High LDL cholesterol
    2. Low LDL cholesterol
    3. Low HDL cholesterol
    4. High HDL cholesterol
    5. Both a and c are true.
    6. Both b and c are true.
  5. Which of the following cholesterol levels characterizes an individual at high risk for developing CHD?
    1. Total cholesterol of 240 mg per dl or higher
    2. LDL cholesterol of 140 mg per dl or higher
    3. HDL cholesterol less than 60 mg per dl
    4. All of the above are correct.
  6. High blood pressure increases the risk of CHD by 2 to 3-fold in men and women of all ages. Based upon new guidelines established by the American Heart Association, what are the current threshold levels of blood pressure for high CHD risk?
    1. Systolic Blood Pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher
    2. Diastolic Blood Pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher
    3. Systolic Blood Pressure above 130 mm Hg and Diastolic Blood Pressure above 85 mm Hg
    4. Only a and b are correct.
  7. Which of the following statements are true?
    1. Chronic tobacco smoking heightens the CHD mortality by 2 to 3-fold.
    2. Chronic exposure to environmental tobacco smoke heightens the relative risk of CHD by about 25%.
    3. Smoking cessation produces an approximate 50% reduction in CHD risk within two years.
    4. All of the above statements are correct.
  8. Which of the following blood levels do not increase CHD risk?
    1. Elevated Homocysteine
    2. Elevated APO A1
    3. Elevated APO B
    4. Elevated C Reactive Protein
    5. Elevated Glucose

Essay Questions

  1. Define coronary heart disease (ischemic heart disease) and characterize its association with atherogenesis.

  1. Define and discuss the two theories of atherogenesis.

  1. Discuss current international patterns of CHD mortality and morbidity.

  1. Discuss key findings of the three major prospective studies of CHD: the Seven Countries Study, the Framingham Study, and MONICA.

  1. Document known risk factors for CHD and chemopreventive agents.

  1. Discuss the relative predictive values of serum cholesterol and C Reactive Protein.

  1. Discuss molecular mechanisms by which type 2 diabetes increases the risk of CHD development.

  1. What strategies would you propose for the primary prevention of CHD?

Document Information

Document Type:
DOCX
Chapter Number:
3
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 3 Epidemiology Of Coronary Heart Disease
Author:
Randall E. Harris

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