Test Bank Chapter 13 The Pacific Realm And Polar Regions - Updated Test Bank | Geography Realms & Regions 18e by Jan Nijman. DOCX document preview.

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Test Bank Chapter 13 The Pacific Realm And Polar Regions

Package Title: Testbank

Course Title: Regions 18e

Chapter Number: 13

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1) The UNCLOS allows states to claim all resources within a(n) _____________ that extends up to 200 nautical miles from their coasts.

a) Special Administrative Region

b) Exclusive Economic Zone

c) Underwater Protrusion

d) Extraterritorial Zone

e) Territorial Sea

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

2) A territorial sea is ______________.

a) an adjacent area of the ocean where all of the rights of a coastal state prevail

b) a body of water completely surrounded by a state

c) a small body of water that connects to larger bodies of water

d) identical to the term high seas

e) an area where a state has no rights to exploit minerals

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

3) When a body of water is less than 24 nautical miles wide, the boundary between the states on each shore is drawn along ____________.

a) Wallace's line

b) the median line

c) the choke point

d) the Political Convergence Line

e) the deepest channel

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

4) An EEZ allows for which of the following activities to be undertaken by its owner?

a) fishing

b) mining

c) drilling

d) leasing of resources

e) All of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

5) Based on Figure 13-2, which of the following U.S. states would have the largest EEZ?

A map shows the Tsunami Warning System of the Pacific Ocean and marks the Tsunami travel time from Honolulu, coastal seismographic stations, and deep ocean tsunameters. Tsunami travel time is indicated as a series of concentric circles with Hawaii at the center. The innermost circle represents 1 hour and the outermost circle represents 13 hours. Midway Island is marked within the 2 hours circle; Wake Island, most of Aleutian Islands of Alaska, and San Francisco are within the 5 hours circle; Kiribati, Samoa, parts of French Polynesia, Los Angeles, and Baja California are within the 6 hours circle; Fiji is within the 7 hours circle; parts of the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu are within the 8 hours circle; the 10 hours circle includes Papua New Guinea and Easter Island; the Galapagos Islands are within the 11 hours circle. Coastal Seismographic Stations are in Hong Kong, North Korea, South Korea (Seoul), Russia (Magadan, Petropavlovsk - Kamchatskiy, and Yuzhno Sakhalinsk), Japan (Tokyo), Taiwan (Taipei), Philippines (Manila), Papua New Guinea (Port Moresby, New Britain), New Zealand (Wellington), French Polynesia (Tahiti), Galapagos Island, Peru (Lima), Chile (Arica), United States (several stations along the western shores and four stations in Hawaii), Alaska (Sitka and several places along the shore), Adak Islands, and Kodiak Islands. Five deep ocean tsunameters are located along the western shores of North America (from the Aleutian Islands to British Colombia and the west coast of the United States).

a) New York

b) California

c) Texas

d) Hawai'i

e) Washington

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

6) In territorial size, the largest country in Melanesia is:_____.

a) the Solomon Islands

b) Fiji

c) Papua New Guinea

d) Hawai'i

e) Easter Island

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

7) The island of New Guinea is part of the Pacific region known as: _________________.

a) Melanesia

b) Micronesia

c) Polynesia

d) Insular Southeast Asia

e) Indonesia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

8) Which of the following is located in Melanesia?

a) Guam

b) Tahiti

c) Vanuatu

d) Samoa

e) Hawai'i

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

9) The largest cluster of population in Melanesia is found in _________________.

a) Papua New Guinea

b) Fiji

c) Vanuatu

d) Samoa

e) New Caledonia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

10) The majority of people of New Guinea are ______________.

a) ethnic Chinese

b) Polynesian

c) Indonesian in their ancestry

d) of Dutch descent

e) Papuans

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

11) Prior to independence, New Guinea was under the administration of __________________.

a) Australia

b) the United Kingdom

c) the Netherlands

d) Indonesia

e) Japan

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: discuss in general terms the colonial history and independence of the nations in the realm, ongoing foreign involvement, and the economic challenges facing small island nations.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Colonization and Independence

12) Which of the following about New Caledonia is INCORRECT?

a) It has significant nickel resources.

b) It remains under British rule.

c) It is inhabited by less than 300,000 people.

d) Its capital is Nouméa.

e) It lies within Melanesia.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

13) Which of the following about Fiji is INCORRECT?

a) Nearly a million people live on about 100 islands.

b) The vast majority of Fijians are of Melanesian heritage.

c) A large number of South Asians arrived during the colonial era to work on the sugar plantations.

d) The South Asians have long been political activists.

e) The South Asians have dominated the commercial life of the country.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

14) Which of the following is located in Micronesia?

a) Hawaiian Islands

b) Marshall Islands

c) New Caledonia

d) the Solomon Islands

e) Papua New Guinea

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

15) The better-watered volcanic islands, where the economy is based on agriculture, are known as ____________________,

a) high islands

b) low islands

c) Melanesian islands

d) Micronesian islands

e) Polynesian islands

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the main geographic features, including physiography, of the Pacific Realm

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Pacific Realm

16) The dominant economic activity associated with high-island cultures is ______________.

a) tourism

b) fishing

c) agriculture

d) mining

e) manufacturing

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the main geographic features, including physiography, of the Pacific Realm

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Pacific Realm

17) The Pacific region named ___________ takes its name from the word for many, and is contained within a huge triangle whose corners are New Zealand, Easter Island, and the Hawaiian Islands.

a) Polynesia

b) Amnesia

c) Micronesia

d) Melanesia

e) Oceania

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

18) Regionally, the Hawaiian Islands are part of ________________.

a) Melanesia

b) Micronesia

c) Polynesia

d) the Pacific Rim

e) North America

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

19) Based on Figure 13-3, which of the following is NOT considered part of Polynesia?

A map shows World Maritime Claims on a global interrupted projection. The Maritime Claims include oceanic areas within 200 nautical miles of the shorelines of each continent, country, and island. Owing to the density of islands in the Caribbean and the South Pacific, these ocean areas are virtually completely covered in claims, as is the Mediterranean Sea, South China Sea, Philippine Sea, and the waters around the Indonesian Archipelago.

a) Hawai'i

b) Midway Islands

c) Easter Island

d) Tonga

e) Fiji

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

20) Guam is politically affiliated with _________

  1. China
  2. Japan
  3. France
  4. The Philippines
  5. The United States

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: discuss in general terms the colonial history and independence of the nations in the realm, ongoing foreign involvement, and the economic challenges facing small island nations.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Colonization and Independence

21) The United States conducted nuclear weapons tests after World War II in___________

  1. Hawai'i
  2. Fiji
  3. The Marshall Islands
  4. The Solomon Islands
  5. Kiribati

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

22) Valid Arctic claims can be made by all but which of the following countries:

a) Canada

b) Finland

c) Norway

d) Russia

e) the United States

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

23) Which of the following countries has made no claim to territory in Antarctica?

a) Chile

b) Argentina

c) Australia

d) the United Kingdom

e) the United States

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

24) According to Figure 13-6, the body of water that separates Argentina from the Antarctic Peninsula is________________.

A map of Antarctica region highlights Antarctic territorial claims, which tend to be wedge-shaped areas corresponding to lines of longitude, which converge at the South Pole. Chile claims from approximately 90 degrees west to 80 degrees west. Argentine, British, and Chilean claims overlap between 80 degrees and 60 degrees west, including much of the Ronne Ice Shelf and the Antarctic Peninsula. Argentine and British claims overlap between 60 degrees west and 20 degrees west, including the eastern half of the Ronne Ice Shelf. Norway claims between 20 degrees west and approximately 44 degrees east, which includes Queen Maud Land—but unlike all the other claims, Norway’s stops approximately 5 degrees of latitude short of the South Pole. Australia claims between approximately 44 degrees east and 160 degrees east, with the exception of a small wedge of French claim from approximately 135 degrees east to 141 degrees east. New Zealand claims from 160 degrees east to approximately 64 degrees west, which includes the Ross Ice Shelf. The area from approximately 64 degrees west to approximately 90 degrees west is called Marie Byrd Land and is unclaimed. Over 50 research stations dot Antarctica, all but 3 on the coasts, ice shelves, or nearby islands. The West Wind Drift current is marked as circulating around the continent in a clockwise direction.

a) Drake Passage

b) Weddell Sea

c) Bellingshausen Sea

d) Amundsen Sea

e) Antarctic Sea

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

25) According to Figure 13-6, all of Antarctica lies south of _________________.

A map of Antarctica region highlights Antarctic territorial claims, which tend to be wedge-shaped areas corresponding to lines of longitude, which converge at the South Pole. Chile claims from approximately 90 degrees west to 80 degrees west. Argentine, British, and Chilean claims overlap between 80 degrees and 60 degrees west, including much of the Ronne Ice Shelf and the Antarctic Peninsula. Argentine and British claims overlap between 60 degrees west and 20 degrees west, including the eastern half of the Ronne Ice Shelf. Norway claims between 20 degrees west and approximately 44 degrees east, which includes Queen Maud Land—but unlike all the other claims, Norway’s stops approximately 5 degrees of latitude short of the South Pole. Australia claims between approximately 44 degrees east and 160 degrees east, with the exception of a small wedge of French claim from approximately 135 degrees east to 141 degrees east. New Zealand claims from 160 degrees east to approximately 64 degrees west, which includes the Ross Ice Shelf. The area from approximately 64 degrees west to approximately 90 degrees west is called Marie Byrd Land and is unclaimed. Over 50 research stations dot Antarctica, all but 3 on the coasts, ice shelves, or nearby islands. The West Wind Drift current is marked as circulating around the continent in a clockwise direction.

a) the Antarctic Circle

b) 60° South latitude

c) 60° West longitude

d) the South Pole

e) 0° longitude

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

26) Figure 13-7 shows that this country does not have territory bordering the Arctic Ocean.

An azimuthal map illustrates competition in the Arctic. Extending from the North Pole in map center to the Arctic Circle, the map highlights the Arctic claims of Russia, the United States, Canada, Denmark (via Greenland), Iceland, and Norway beyond their coastal EEZ boundaries. Russia’s claim extends beyond its continental shelf along the Lomonosov Ridge to the North Pole, overlapping Denmark’s claim to the Lomonosov Ridge. Canada’s claim extends all the way north and west to the 170 degrees west line of longitude, just north of the Chukchi Shelf—which the United States claims based on the continental shelf north of Alaska. Iceland and Norway are the only countries whose claims do not extend significantly beyond the EEZ boundaries.

a) Russia

b) Norway

c) Sweden

d) Denmark

e) the United States

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

Question Type: True-False

27) Before the European invasion, Australia and New Zealand would have been included in the Pacific Realm.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the main geographic features, including physiography, of the Pacific Realm

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Pacific Realm

28) An atoll is a reef or island indicative of an undersea volcano.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the main geographic features, including physiography, of the Pacific Realm

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Pacific Realm

29) An international agreement allows exclusive 200-nautical-mile fishing zones for coastal states.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

30) Countries have always claimed at least 12 nautical miles of offshore water as part of their territorial sea.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

31) Exclusive Economic Zones are always less extensive than territorial seas.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

32) A landlocked country does not have an EEZ.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

33) Establishment of EEZs greatly diminished the overall extent of the so-called “high seas”.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

34) New Guinea is a part of Melanesia, a Pacific region that also includes the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

35) Melanesia is the most heavily populated of the three Pacific regions.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

36) New Caledonia is still under French rule today.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: discuss in general terms the colonial history and independence of the nations in the realm, ongoing foreign involvement, and the economic challenges facing small island nations.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Colonization and Independence

37) Fiji lies west of the International Date Line.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

38) Most of Micronesia consists of low islands.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

39) Low-elevation islands support productive agriculture better than high elevation islands.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the main geographic features, including physiography, of the Pacific Realm

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Pacific Realm

40) The islands of Micronesia tend to be small, but they are, on average, higher in elevation than the islands of Melanesia.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

41) In the Pacific Realm, the so-called high islands mainly have volcanic origins, whereas the low islands are made of coral.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the main geographic features, including physiography, of the Pacific Realm

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Pacific Realm

42) High-island cultures are associated with fertile soils and farming economies.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

43) Low-island environments are marked by economies based on fishing.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

44) Polynesia is the Pacific's most populous region.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

45) Papua New Guinea is located in Polynesia.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

46) Polynesian culture is characterized by its variety, diversity, and inconsistency from island to island in the Pacific.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

47) Russia stands to gain the most from the opening of the Arctic.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of global warming on geopolitics in the Arctic; explain the difference with the Antarctic in terms of geopolitical conflict.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Geopolitics and Global Climate Change in the Artic Basin

48)  Like the Antarctic, the Arctic is divided among various counties into well-defined territories.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

49) The Antarctic Treaty that presently holds national land claims at abeyance expired in 1991 and was replaced by the Wellington Agreement.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

50) The South Pole is today claimed by the United States, whose explorer Marie Byrd was first to reach this distant outpost in 1895.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

51) Pie-shaped best describes the cartographic form of national territorial claims that have been made in Antarctica.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

Question Type: Fill-in-the-blank

52) The U.S. state that is located in the Pacific Realm is ___.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: discuss in general terms the colonial history and independence of the nations in the realm, ongoing foreign involvement, and the economic challenges facing small island nations.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Colonization and Independence

53) The “LOS” in UNCLOS stands for ___.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

54) Shallow offshore continuations of coastal plains into adjacent seafloors are known as continental ___.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of political control by states of maritime “territory;” explain the significance of EEZs and of maritime boundaries and median-line boundaries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography

55) The capital of Papua New Guinea is ____________

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

56) The Pacific region that from the end of World War II through the 1980s was largely a United States Trust territory is ___.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the three regions of the Pacific Realm and the main islands (especially New Guinea).

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Regions of the Pacific Realm

57) The finger of land extending from the main body of Antarctica toward South America is known as the ___.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the general physical geography of the Antarctic continent and the surrounding water bodies and the general layout of the Arctic Ocean Basin and the disputed territorial/seafloor claims that mark its political geography.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Partitioning the Antarctic

58) Figure 13.1 reveals this conclusion.

"An azimuthal topographical map of the entire Pacific Realm, from North Pole to South Pole, centered on the Equator and the 160 degree west line of longitude, showing the distribution of islands throughout the Pacific, the depth of ocean areas, and elevations of land areas ringing the Pacific; it also includes the International Date Line, political boundaries, and major cities. The Pacific is generally between 1500 and 3000 meters deep throughout the realm, with significant areas of shallower coastal waters less than 1500 meters deep surrounding Australia, New Zealand, the Solomons, Fiji, Tahiti, Rapa Nui, and Antarctica in the South Pacific, and around Wake and the Hawaiian Islands in the North Pacific. Ocean depths shallower than 150 meters are found in wide areas of the Coral Sea, around New Zealand, Fiji, and the Solomons. The greatest ocean depths, exceeding 3000 meters, are primarily found at the western edge of the Pacific, bordering the Sea of Okhotsk, and the islands of Japan and the Philippines. The International Date Line runs from the North Pole to the South Pole through the middle of Pacific Ocean, largely following the 180 degree line of longitude, bending east to keep eastern Siberia on the west side, then diverting west to keep the Aleutian Islands of Alaska on the east side, and south of the Equator detouring east again to keep Samoa and Tonga on the west side of the line."

a) Colonization formerly had a great impact on this realm.

b) Colonial powers still control territory within this realm.

c) Russia formerly controlled the majority of this realm.

d) Chile controls much of the realm.

e) The geographic territory of this realm is small by world standards.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: discuss in general terms the colonial history and independence of the nations in the realm, ongoing foreign involvement, and the economic challenges facing small island nations.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Colonization and Independence

59) What hampers the economies of the realm?

a) absence of economics of scale

b) lack of connectivity

c) strong political involvement by outside powers

d) drug dealers who pay little to no taxes

e) all of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: discuss in general terms the colonial history and independence of the nations in the realm, ongoing foreign involvement, and the economic challenges facing small island nations.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Colonization and Independence

60) Review Figure 13.7. This ruling is likely to spark conflict if the Arctic becomes ice free.

An azimuthal map illustrates competition in the Arctic. Extending from the North Pole in map center to the Arctic Circle, the map highlights the Arctic claims of Russia, the United States, Canada, Denmark (via Greenland), Iceland, and Norway beyond their coastal EEZ boundaries. Russia’s claim extends beyond its continental shelf along the Lomonosov Ridge to the North Pole, overlapping Denmark’s claim to the Lomonosov Ridge. Canada’s claim extends all the way north and west to the 170 degrees west line of longitude, just north of the Chukchi Shelf—which the United States claims based on the continental shelf north of Alaska. Iceland and Norway are the only countries whose claims do not extend significantly beyond the EEZ boundaries.

a) the territorial sea ruling

b) the exclusive economic zone ruling

c) All of the choices are correct.

d) the no building a military base in the Arctic ruling

e) the exclusive economic zone for continuation of continental shelf ruling

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of global warming on geopolitics in the Arctic; explain the difference with the Antarctic in terms of geopolitical conflict.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Geopolitics and Global Climate Change in the Artic Basin

61) UNCLOS allows _____ miles for EEZs if a continuation of a continental shelf can be proven.

a) 12

b) 24

c) 200

d) 350

e) 500

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of global warming on geopolitics in the Arctic; explain the difference with the Antarctic in terms of geopolitical conflict.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Geopolitics and Global Climate Change in the Artic Basin

62) This Arctic country claims ownership of the Northwest Passage.

a) Russia

b) Finland

c) Sweden

d) United States

e) Canada

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of global warming on geopolitics in the Arctic; explain the difference with the Antarctic in terms of geopolitical conflict.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Geopolitics and Global Climate Change in the Artic Basin

63) This percentage of the world’s remaining total of oil and natural gas is thought to be housed under the Arctic seafloor.

a) 10

b) 15

c) 20

d) 25

e) 33

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of global warming on geopolitics in the Arctic; explain the difference with the Antarctic in terms of geopolitical conflict.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Geopolitics and Global Climate Change in the Artic Basin

64) This year was the first for a vessel to sail through the Northeast Passage.

a) 1911

b) 1992

c) 2001

d) 2007

e) 2018

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of global warming on geopolitics in the Arctic; explain the difference with the Antarctic in terms of geopolitical conflict.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Geopolitics and Global Climate Change in the Artic Basin

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Document Type:
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Chapter Number:
13
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 13 The Pacific Realm And Polar Regions
Author:
Jan Nijman

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