Test Bank Chapter 12 Is 70 The New 40? Population And Aging

Chapter 12: Is 70 the New 40? Population and Aging

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 1

1) While other countries show deference and respect to older family members, often seeing their care as a form of honorable role reversal as a parent gets older, sometimes referred to as _____, in the U.S., there seems to be greater willingness to require outside providers to offer that care.

Section reference: Section 1

a. Family obligation

b. Elderly commitment

c. Filial piety

d. Aging valorization

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 2

2) What are some of the persistent social problems for the elderly in the U.S.?

Section reference: Section 1

a. Health care, poverty, and isolation

b. Boredom, technology, political intolerance

c. Cultural irrelevance, technology, health care

d. Isolation, political intolerance, cultural irrelevance

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 3

3) The generally accepted age in the U.S. when one is considered elderly

Section reference: Section 1

a. 55.

b. 50.

c. 65.

d. 70.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 4

4) As of 2019, how big is the US elderly population?

Section reference: Section 1

a. 52.4 million elderly people, or 32% of US population

b. 52.4 million elderly people, or 16% of US population

c. 104.8 million elderly people, or 32% of US population

d. 104.8 million elderly people, or 16% of US population

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 5

5) Between 1960 and 2016, US life expectancy

Section reference: Section 1

a. decreased from 78.9 years to 69.7 years.

b. decreased from 82.1 years to 78.9 years.

c. increased from 58.7 years to 71.4 years.

d. increased from 69.7 years to 78.9 years.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 6

6) What percentage of the US elderly are married?

Section reference: Section 1

a. 70%

b. 50%

c. 30%

d. 10%

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 7

7) Baby Boomers, or the “Me” generation members, were born between

Section reference: Section 1

a. 1920 and 1945.

b. 1946 and 1964.

c. 1965 and 1980.

d. 1981 and 2003.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 8

8) Baby Boomer are known for each of the following except

Section reference: Section 1

a. some of the most dramatic changes in American history including the Civil Rights Movement.

b. for their emphasis on narcissism and individual pleasure.

c. their lack of optimism for the future and an absence of trust in traditional values.

d. focusing on their careers and leisure activities rather than marrying young and starting families.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 9

9) While elderly income can come from pensions, investments, or savings, the largest source for most people comes from

Section reference: Section 2

a. Social Security.

b. Medicare.

c. Other family.

d. Employment.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 10

10) Most workers do not receive retirement pensions anymore, but instead may be offered a 401k plan. What is this?

Section reference: Section 2

a. A guaranteed savings plan set up for an employee by the employer that the employee can access upon retirement. The employer pays into the fund over each pay period.

b. Health care insurance coverage.

c. A contract for guaranteed employment over a long period of time, keeping a worker in a job (unpaid) even if the employee experiences long periods away from work.

d. The employer contributes to the fund based on matching from the employee’s own contributions deducted from the paycheck. The employee is then responsible for managing the plan.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 11

11) The number of Americans over age 55 is expected to represent nearly what percent of the overall labor force by 2026?

Section reference: Section 2

a. 10%

b. 25%

c. 33%

d. 50%

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 12

12) Which of the following is NOT an advantage to having elderly workers remaining in the workforce?

Section reference: Section 2

a. More experience, wisdom

b. Fewer health-related complications

c. Mentorship of younger co-workers

d. Improved quality of life and psychological functioning

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 13

13) How does ageism show up in the labor force against elderly workers?

Section reference: Section 2

a. If they are paid higher salaries, older workers might be seen as too costly compared to workers who may be willing to work for less pay.

b. Ageism typically favors elderly workers such that younger workers are discriminated against for their lack of experience.

c. If they do not have the same competence and skill level, older workers are often fired due to low performance.

d. By being denied promotion opportunities or being chosen for layoffs due to age, or by being blocked from new training in favor of younger workers.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 14

14) How much do financial experts suggest that people should have saved by age 55 if they are planning to retire at age 65?

Section reference: Section 2

a. At least $500,000

b. 7 times their current working salary

c. Typically they can afford to wait until age 55 to start saving

d. Enough to cover 3 years of expenses

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 15

15) What is the biggest financial challenge for today’s older Americans?

Section reference: Section 2

a. Health care

b. Student loan debt

c. Credit card and loan debt

d. Housing

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 16

16) Compared to other age groups, elderly victims have _____ rates of actual victimization.

Section reference: Section 3

a. Slightly higher

b. Very similar

c. The highest

d. The lowest

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 17

17) Which type of crime presents the greatest threat to those age 65 or older?

Section reference: Section 3

a. Elder abuse

b. Violent crime

c. Property crime

d. Intimate partner violence

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 18

18) According to the National Center on Elder Abuse, for every case of elder abuse, neglect, exploitation, or self-neglect reported to authorities, an estimated ______ more go unreported.

Section reference: Section 3

a. 2

b. 5

c. 10

d. 15

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 19

19) What is the most common form of elder abuse found in nursing homes?

Section reference: Section 3

a. Neglect

b. Property theft

c. Physical abuse

d. Financial exploitation

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 20

20) Spouses were found to account for just 11% of the offenders of elder abuse in nursing homes. The largest group of perpetrators were

Section reference: Section 3

a. female family members.

b. nursing home staff.

c. adult male children.

d. other residents of the facility.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 21

21) Operationalization of age in data on elder offenders varies across crime data sources. This means

Section reference: Section 3

a. the definition of “elderly” is fixed but some agencies refuse to collect this information.

b. the starting age of “elderly” may differ such that reports do not match up to give a full picture.

c. the public may not have access to demographic information about offenders such as age.

d. some databases focus solely on adults ages 18-64, so any summary of crime among elderly offenders would be missing.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 22

22) Which group is more likely are more likely to describe themselves as being in fair or poor health (as opposed to good health)?

Section reference: Section 4

a. Older Whites

b. Older Asian Americans

c. Older African Americans

d. Older Hispanic Americans

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 23

23) What percentage of people over age 65 in the U.S. live in long-term care facilities?

Section reference: Section 4

a. 4%

b. 14%

c. 34%

d. 54%

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 24

24) The average annual cost of nursing home/long-term care is _____ while that for assisted living is _____

Section reference: Section 4

a. $40,000 ; $75,000.

b. $65,000 ; $100,000.

c. $100,000 ; $65,000.

d. $75,000 ; $40,000.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 25

25) The most likely living situation in the U.S. is that the elderly

Section reference: Section 4

a. live with family other than spouses.

b. are in assisted living facilities.

c. reside in nursing homes.

d. age in place (live in own home).

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 26

26) What is dementia?

Section reference: Section 4

a. A viral infection causing mental fogginess and memory issues that is common among the elderly due to weakened immune systems.

b. A cumulative psychological condition stemming from years of PTSD and/or high emotional stress.

c. A progressive fatal neurological condition whose symptoms over time include loss of language, inability to identify objects or people, loss of some motor skills, and inability to carry out complex tasks.

d. A typical forgetfulness and short-term memory recall failure that commonly occurs with aging.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 27

27) Place the Kübler-Ross five-stage process of acknowledging death and grief in order from first to last stage.

Section reference: Section 4

a. Denial, anger, bargaining, negotiation, acceptance

b. Shock, disbelief, bargaining, anger, acceptance

c. Anger, shock, negotiation, acceptance, moving on

d. Denial, shock, anger, acceptance, moving on

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 28

28) In dealing with death and dying, what do different models or approaches have in common?

Section reference: Section 4

a. They all center religious practice and one’s faith in the process of approaching death.

b. They all focus on whatever control the dying person can have in terms of their care, expectations, and decisions in the dying process.

c. They all take into account a goal of incorporating distractions and activities to keep the dying person occupied for as long as possible.

d. They emphasize the role of caregivers, spouses, and children in making important decisions for the patient such as living wills or advance directives.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 29

29) Even if one is financially secure in older ages, it is likely to experience

Section reference: Section 5

a. dementia.

b. heavy depression and suicidal thoughts.

c. at least one bankruptcy over the course of one’s adult life.

d. the loss of spouses, partners, and loved ones and/or social isolation from family and friends.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 30

30) What does the Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale measure?

Section reference: Section 5

a. Cardiac stress levels at different levels of exertion.

b. Socioeconomic variations in accumulated stress over the life course.

c. How and in what way stressful life events influence or affect one’s health.

d. How different racial/ethnic and gender groups handle stress over the life course.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 31

31) Who comprises the vast majority of widowed people in the U.S.?

Section reference: Section 5

a. Elderly men

b. Elderly women

c. All elderly (equal for men and women)

d. All middle-aged people 40-55 (equal for men and women)

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 32

32) The notion that people gradually distance themselves from previous positions in society and transition to retirement and/or new responsibilities is referred to as

Section reference: Section 6

a. transitional retirement.

b. social isolation.

c. disengagement theory.

d. activity theory.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 33

33) The notion that people who are more active tend to report higher levels of life satisfaction is referred to as

Section reference: Section 6

a. age-is-just-a-number theory.

b. momentum theory.

c. engagement theory.

d. activity theory.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 34

34) The compounded negative impacts of both gender inequality and ageism for women is referred to as

Section reference: Section 6

a. double marginality.

b. unequal standardism.

c. anti-aging feminism.

d. the ‘aging gracefully’ factor.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 35

35) Functionalists want to maintain social equilibrium and ensure that people fulfil the roles necessary for society to thrive. Looking at the aging population, this means for functionalists that

Section reference: Section 6

a. there needs to be a process whereby people whose age makes them unable to perform those roles they were formerly useful for are replaced by people who can take over the work.

b. it is important to help older adults transition into retirement, rest, and relaxation after having contributed so much to society.

c. more respect and honor must be recognized for the elderly because older people have fulfilled the most service for society in the past.

d. elderly populations need to be protected from discrimination and ageism even if they are not contributing as much to society in their current capacity as younger members of society.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 36

36) Which of the following is NOT considered to be one of the drawbacks to the retirement of older workers, transition to Social Security income, and replacement with new workers?

Section reference: Section 6

a. Some people have difficulty giving up their roles and are still fulfilled by their work.

b. The wisdom and skills of older workers may not be adequately matched by younger workers.

c. People who retire tend to die at earlier ages than those who remain working the same jobs in their older years

d. Social Security and Medicare are costly programs that are difficult to sustain.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 37

37) From a conflict theory perspective, getting older, particularly in a capitalistic society, generally means the person transitions into a lower social class. Conflict theorists emphasize this is especially problematic for

Section reference: Section 6

a. children of retired workers who are hoping to be left a large inheritance.

b. workers in the capitalist and upper classes who are not psychologically prepared to drop any of their status in retirement.

c. people who worked hard to save enough money for retirement only to see a big chunk of those funds subsidizing social programs like Medicare and Social Security for other older Americans.

d. workers at the lower end of the class ladder who have not had access to enough income to save money for retirement.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 38

38) Which theory offers keen insight into how gender factors into the discussion and experience of aging in the U.S.?

Section reference: Section 6

a. Queer theory

b. Conflict theory

c. Feminist theory

d. Symbolic Interactionism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 39

39) What accounts for the double marginality of women who are aging?

Section reference: Section 6

a. The reality of being physically more vulnerable and with a shorter life span than men.

b. The beauty standards and appearance norms that require women to maintain a more youthful appearance as they age than for men.

c. Being further marginalized by race and/or sexual orientation.

d. The state of living in a patriarchal society where men have power and women are subordinated.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 40

40) A phrase like “70 is the new 50” would be of interest to which sociological theorist examining aging?

Section reference: Section 6

a. Queer theory

b. Conflict theory

c. Feminist theory

d. Symbolic Interactionism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 41

41) Symbolic interactionists who study aging focus on 2 main areas.

Section reference: Section 6

a. Role theory and activity theory

b. Disengagement theory and double marginality

c. Gender and class inequality

d. Income and family status

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 42

42) What are the 2 greatest challenges for the elderly in the U.S., aside from medical concerns?

Section reference: Section 7

a. Divorce and grandparenting

b. Crime victimization and fraud

c. Economic vulnerability and social isolation

d. Stigma and aging anxiety

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 43

43) Meals on Wheels addresses 2 major challenges faced by the elderly.

Section reference: Section 7

a. Elder abuse and nutrition

b. Diabetes and physical activity

c. Food insecurity and social isolation

d. Stigma and crime victimization

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 44

44) What were the origins of the Meals on Wheels program?

Section reference: Section 7

a. The great hunger needs during the Great Depression inspired local leaders to deliver food to peoples’ homes and spare families from long food lines.

b. A women’s volunteer program in England during WWII delivered home-cooked meals to service personnel and civilians whose homes had been destroyed by bombs.

c. Civil War practices of food and mail delivery by wagon and/or on horseback by the Union army.

d. The Civil Rights Movement whereby women’s participation in the labor force increased and communities sought new ways to provide cooked meals to families.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 45

45) In 2016, how many people were served by Meals on Wheels?

Section reference: Section 7

a. 2.4 million

b. 24 million

c. 12.4 million

d. 240,000

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 46

46) What law provided rationale and funding for nutrition services and other programs to help the elderly were funded by what law?

Section reference: Section 7

a. Age Discrimination Employment Act of 1967

b. Older Americans Act of 1965

c. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program of 1996

d. Social Security Act of 1965

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 47

47) Meals on Wheels is dependent upon volunteers to deliver meals, and the absence of a sufficient number of people willing to deliver meals means that less than ______ of eligible older Americans receive meals; and, on average, they receive less than three meals per week.

Section reference: Section 7

a. 5%

b. 25%

c. 50%

d. 70%

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 48

48) According to a report by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, exercise programs designed for the elderly have been shown to be effective in

Section reference: Section 7

a. older Americans between ages 55 and 65 but not in those over age 65.

b. women but not men, generally.

c. significant weight loss and better blood sugar control for those with diabetes or pre-diabetes.

d. reducing the number of falls and injuries, and slowing the onset of problems like osteoarthritis.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 49

49) Research shows that ______ is the most common and disabling of all chronic conditions of older adults. Fit and Strong is an evidence-based physical activity program that targets adults age 60 and above with this condition.

Section reference: Section 7

a. diabetes

b. high blood pressure

c. Alzheimer’s

d. osteoarthritis

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 50

50) Long-term programs are designed to sustain the goals achieved by short-term intervention programs, by keeping people connected and focused on improving their overall health. One example is

Section reference: Section 7

a. Fit and Strong.

b. Active for Life.

c. A Matter of Balance.

d. YOLO.