Test Bank Chapter 11 Politics, Media, And Social Movements

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 1

1) In defining power, Max Weber argued that

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. people who have power should share it in order to create a more equitable society.

b. people who have power should be prepared to defend it from those who want it if they want to keep it.

c. power is in the mind of the beholder, and its definition varies from person to person.

d. power is always violent.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 2

2) The struggle for _______ defines modern politics.

Feedback Politics is the effort to exercise influence.

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. compassion

b. violence

c. influence

d. individual rights

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 3

3) Which does not, by definition, characterize the modern state?

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. Respect for the socially vulnerable

b. Clearly defined boundaries

c. The right to use violence if the state deems it necessary

d. The ability to rule

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 4

4) In most political conflicts, _______ have/has the most power.

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. individuals

b. the state

c. interest groups

d. social movements

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 5

5) Which kind of power uses rewards and punishments to motivate desired behavior?

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. Rational-legal authority

b. Charismatic authority

c. Traditional authority

d. Coercive power

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 6

6) What kind of power relies on an appeal to a leader’s adherence to custom, heritage, or the way things have always been?

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. Rational-legal authority

b. Charismatic authority

c. Traditional authority

d. Coercive power

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 7

7) What kind of power relies on an appeal to clearly defined rules?

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. Rational-legal authority

b. Charismatic authority

c. Traditional authority

d. Coercive power

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 8

8) What kind of power relies on the personal qualities of a leader in order to convince others to act in a particular way?

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. Rational-legal authority

b. Charismatic authority

c. Traditional authority

d. Coercive power

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 9

9) A form of power where dominant groups are able to make their worldview seem like “common sense” to the rest of the population is termed

Page reference: See subsection “Power, Authority, and Hegemony.”

a. coercion.

b. democracy.

c. politics.

d. hegemony.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 10

10) Compared to the average America, members of Congress are more likely to be all of the following except

Page reference: See Paired Concept box “Who Gets Elected to the US Senate?”

a. old

b. male

c. from a low-status occupation

d. affluent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 11

11) In the United States, full-time work is typically defined as year-round work of 40 hours per week, not including mandatory but unpaid lunch breaks, with two weeks of vacation. However, this is a relatively recent development in American history, going back only to the 1940s with the creation of social welfare programs such as Social Security. For most of world history, people worked far fewer hours than Americans do today, and globally, contemporary Americans work far more hours than their peers in other nations. The fact that most Americans consider non-disabled people 23–65 who do not work these hours to be lazy is a sign of the

Page reference: See subsection “Power, Authority, and Hegemony.”

a. persuasive power of a single charismatic leader to preach the value of hard work to us.

b. persuasive power of tradition to keep alive expectations about employment over hundreds of years.

c. coercive power of the state to force people to work or face imprisonment.

d. hegemonic power of capitalism to convince us that paid employment is normal and should be expected of every adult of a certain age.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 12

12) Most power is exercised through

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. force.

b. coercion.

c. violence.

d. Persuasion.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 13

13) The goal of persuasive power is to

Page reference: See section “Politics as the Struggle for Influence.”

a. annihilate those who would oppose your will.

b. discourage others from even attempting to resist your request because they fear the consequences of doing so.

c. convince others that resisting your request is a waste of energy because you will defeat them no matter what.

d. convince others that a request for a particular action is legitimate.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 14

14) The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a collection of kingdoms, each ruled by a single ruler, a sheikh, with the position of rule being handed down through family lines. Each of the seven kingdoms has autonomy, but they also work together, with their seven leaders forming the Federal Supreme Council. In this way, the UAE is a federation of

Page reference: See section “Politics and Democracy.”

a. one-party states.

b. republican democracies.

c. monarchies.

d. parliamentary democracies.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 15

15) In a nation where a monarch has total authority over the government, the monarchy is

Page reference: See section “Politics and Democracy.”

a. absolute.

b. constitutional.

c. republican.

d. parliamentary.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 16

16) Though it holds elections, China only permits members of its national Communist party to run. For this reason, China is not a democracy but a

Page reference: See section “Politics and Democracy.”

a. one-party state.

b. dictatorship.

c. monarchy.

d. republic.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 17

17) Popular sovereignty is the idea that

Page reference: See section “Politics and Democracy.”

a. all legislation should be voted on by all those people it would affect.

b. the people should rule themselves through their government.

c. government should be comprised of politicians who share many demographic qualities with the people they govern.

d. there should be a test for public office that includes moral, cognitive, intelligence, and psychological components.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 18

18) In a constitutional monarchy, the power of the king or queen is

Page reference: See section “Politics and Democracy.”

a. virtually unlimited.

b. very limited.

c. limited in some areas but unlimited in others.

d. greater than it was under an absolute monarchy.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 19

19) In a parliamentary system, as compared to a presidential one the leader of the

Page reference: See section “Politics and Democracy.”

a. nation is not required to have any experience as a lawmaker.

b. nation is a member of the legislature.

c. can be voted out by a referendum in which the people vote directly for their removal.

d. must have experience as a judge in the court system.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 20

20) Presidents, in contrast to leaders in parliamentary systems, may be more likely to be seen as leaders for all the people of their nation, not just some of them, because

Page reference: See section “Politics and Democracy.”

a. they are required to share office with a vice-president who is demographically different than them in a significant way (such as gender, race, regionality, religion, etc.) in order to provide more voters with a leaders likely to share some of their demographic characteristics.

b. they do not run with the support of a particular political party.

c. they adopt a tone of humility and inclusiveness in their public speeches.

d. they are elected by the people, even if indirectly, not by a political party.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 21

21) Which amendment to the US Constitution prohibits bans on voting due to race?

Page reference: See subsection “Representing the People.”

a. 13th

b. 15th

c. 19th

d. 24th

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 22

22) Which amendment to the US Constitution recognized women’s right to vote?

Page reference: See subsection “Representing the People.”

a. 13th

b. 15th

c. 19th

d. 24th

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 23

23) In the United States, voter rates have been

Page reference: See subsection “Representing the People.”

a. declining since the late 1800s.

b. lower in federal elections than in state and local ones.

c. increasing since the late 1800s.

d. typically over 80 percent.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 24

24) An organization that brings people together on the basis of a common issue, which attempts to influence political decision-makers on topics that are related to that issue is called a(n)

Page reference: See subsection “Representing the People.”

a. interest group.

b. think tank.

c. political party.

d. monarchy.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 25

25) People hired to meet with lawmakers to convince them to vote for legislation that supports the goal of the interest group that hired them are, by profession,

Page reference: See subsection “Representing the People.”

a. constituents.

b. community organizers.

c. lobbyists.

d. legacy media.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 26

26) The public sphere is

Page reference: See section “Mediated Politics.”

a. any place where a voting booth can be legally placed.

b. tax-supported spaces, such as parks and public schools.

c. online forums where people share unpopular political opinions without fear of social sanctioning.

d. the collection of places where private individuals and elected officials gather together to discuss matters of common concern.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 27

27) Most discussions of politics today

Page reference: See section “Mediated Politics.”

a. happen at the holidays, among family members.

b. occur face-to-face.

c. happen in public, where people who do not wish to speak can still listen.

d. happen via mass media or social media.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 28

28) The stories that the major news organizations emphasize influence the topics that people discuss with each other, in their face-to-face conversations as well as on social media platforms. This is evidence of

Page reference: See section “Mediated Politics.”

a. unreliable anonymous informants that journalists often rely on in securing information for political stories.

b. ethical violations in journalism.

c. media bias.

d. agenda-setting.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 29

29) Between 50 percent and 75 percent of sources for news stories are

Page reference: See section “Mediated Politics.”

a. scientists, including social scientists.

b. government sources.

c. everyday people asked for their opinions.

d. lobbyists.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 30

30) Because newspapers can charge more for ads that target wealthy consumers, they

Page reference: See section “Mediated Politics.”

a. start to write stories that interest wealthy readers.

b. devote more space to coverage of important political issues.

c. hire more journalists to cover political news in more locations.

d. reduce the number of stories about “lifestyle” issues, like where to go on vacation or stories about fashion.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 31

31) When ordinary people collaborate to create social change using channels outside of traditional politics, such as voting, they are part of a

Page reference: See section “Social Change.”

a. think-tank.

b. interest group.

c. lobbyist group.

d. social movement.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 32

32) According to sociologist Charles Tilly, social movements make identity claims when they state publicly that the

Page reference: See section “Social Change.”

a. social movement will not rule out the use of violence or other disruptive tactics if their demands are not met through peaceful persuasion.

b. public should support or oppose specific policy changes that align with the social movement’s goals.

c. people the social group represents deserve to be included in society.

d. social movement and the people it represents are a unified force.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 33

33) The environmental group Greenpeace began with a protest that successful persuaded the US to

Page reference: See Paired Concept box “The Creation of Greenpeace.”

a. ban the practice of whale hunting in all US waters.

b. abandon the building of a pipeline in North and South Dakota.

c. abandon nuclear testing in Alaska.

d. abandon fracking in Oklahoma.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 34

34) The theory of _______ links social movement success to theory resources of money, legitimacy, facilities and labor.

Page reference: See section “Social Change.”

a. resource mobilization

b. structural strain

c. political opportunity structure

d. symbolic politics

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 35

35) The social unrest of 2020 related to police brutality, racism and discrimination, and the killing of George Floyd led to widespread collective action. This best illustrates which term?

Page reference: See section “Social Change.”

a. Structural strain theory

b. Resource mobilization theory

c. Media consolidation

d. Media bias

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 36

36) _______ is a type of political activity in which the meanings associated with a political action are just as important as the policies or the social changes being proposed.

Page reference: See section “Social Change.”

a. Resource mobilization

b. Structural strain

c. Political opportunity structure

d. Symbolic politics

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 37

37) According to the theory of _______, the political opportunities available for successful social movement action occurs when there are changes in political alliances, political conflicts among elites, or when there are clear alliances that can be made with specific political groups.

Page reference: See section “Social Change.”

a. resource mobilization

b. structural strain

c. political opportunity structure

d. symbolic politics

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 38

38) _______ theory connects structural inequalities, grievances, and social movements.

Page reference: See section “Social Change.”

a. Resource mobilization

b. Structural strain

c. Political opportunity structure

d. Symbolic politics

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 39

39) Social _______ is the feeling of social connection and belonging we have, which gives rise to social _______.

Page reference: See Case Study “The Strange History of the US Electoral College.”

a. solidarity; capital

b. capital; solidarity

c. equality; fraternity

d. fraternity; equality

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 40

40) How were the interests of white slave owners protected through the Electoral College?

Page reference: See Case Study “The Strange History of the US Electoral College.”

a. The law counted white women in slave-holding states as full citizens for the purpose of determining the number of electors a state had but did not count women in states that prohibited slavery.

b. The law allowed states with slavery to count enslaved people as three-fifths of a person for purposes of the US Census, which determines how many electors a state is awarded, without giving enslaved people the right to vote.

c. The law allowed slave owners’ votes to be weighted more heavily than the votes of people who did not own enslaved people, arguing that, since they owned more property, they paid higher taxes and should have more influence over elections.

d. The law counted enslaved Africans and African Americans as people for the purpose of the Census, which determines the number of electors in the Electoral College, but did not count free Blacks—people who had escaped slavery or been born into free families—the same way, giving more weight to votes in Southern states.