Test Bank Ch4 Interpersonal Communication And The Self

Chapter 4:Interpersonal Communication and the Self

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 1

1) What do scholars callthe relatively stable set of perceptions you hold of yourself?

Feedback: Self-concept, the relatively set of stable perceptions you hold about yourself, includes self-esteem, which involves evaluations of self-worth.

Page reference:4.1 Communication and the Self-Concept

a.Self-attribution

b.Self-worth

c.Self-esteem

d.Self-concept

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 2

2) Which is the best metaphor for self-concept?

Feedback: A mirror that reflects not only your appearance but other aspects of who you are—your typical emotional states, special talents, likes, dislikes, values, roles, and so on—is an apt metaphor for self-concept.

Page reference:4.1 Communication and the Self-Concept

a.A mirror

b.A car

c.A suitcase

d.A book

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 3

3) You consider yourself to be a rational, serious, and ambitious person. How you feel about these qualities determines your __________.

Feedback: How you feel about qualities you believe you possess determines your self-esteem, part of the self-concept that involves evaluations of self-worth.

Page reference:4.1 Communication and the Self-Concept

a.self-concept

b.self-esteem

c.self-attribution

d.self-assurance

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 4

4) At school, he was teased for being a carrot top, but as an adult, significant others complimented Liam on the striking color of his hair, and he began to consider it one of his more attractive features. What does this illustrate about the self-concept?

Feedback: When key people in your life endorse certain attributes and diminish others, that can have an impact on your self-concept.

Page reference:4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

a.Self-concept is present from birth.

b.While some features of the self are immediately apparent, the significance we attach to them depends greatly on the opinions of others.

c.We have no control over our reference groups.

d.Children recognize “self” as distinct from surroundings at about age 16 to 24 months.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 5

5) After seeing the latest fashion trends on Instagram models, you immediately decide that you need to lose 15 pounds by summer. These feelings are likely a result of which phenomenon?

Feedback: Research shows that comparing yourself to idealized body images in the media can promote negative self-appraisals.

Page reference:4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

a.Rumination

b.Problem orientation

c.Self-disclosure

d.Social comparison

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 6

6) What do social scientists call others against whom you evaluate your own characteristics?

Feedback: We decide whether we are superior or inferior, and similar or different, by comparing ourselves to what social scientists call reference groups.

Page reference:4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

a.Second-order realities

b.First-order realities

c.Reference groups

d.Social comparison

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 7

7) Negative social comparison is more likely to occur on Instagram when we compare ourselves to whom?

Feedback: According to research, negative effects are highest for those who follow more strangers on Instagram, whose lives we’re more prone to believe are indeed better than ours, making comparisons with them more depressing.

Page reference:4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

a.A stranger

b.A close friend

c.A sibling

d.A longtime neighbor

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 8

8) Your online dating profile is fantastic, far more favorable than even a friend would create for you. This unrealistically positive self-appraisal illustrates which characteristic of the self-concept?

Feedback: Self-evaluations are subjective, and some online daters have a “foggy mirror”—that is, they see themselves more favorably than others do.

Page reference:4.1.2 Characteristics of the Self-Concept

a.The self-concept resists change.

b.The self-concept is subjective.

c.The self-concept is flexible.

d.The self-concept is multifaceted.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 9

9) When you receive a B on a midterm, you question the validity of the exam because you are an A student. Your reaction illustrates which quality about the self-concept.

Feedback: Most people are understandably reluctant to revise a favorable self-perception.

Page reference:4.1.2 Characteristics of the Self-Concept

a.The self-concept resists change.

b.The self-concept is subjective.

c.The self-concept is flexible.

d.The self-concept is multifaceted.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 10

10) Neither past failures nor past successes predict future outcomes, yet we often act on the basis of __________.

Feedback: The effects of obsolete information such as past failures in school or social relations can linger long after they have occurred, even though such events don’t predict failure in the future. Likewise, your past successes don’t guarantee future success.

Page reference:4.1.2 Characteristics of the Self-Concept

Incrrect

a.social expectations

b.perfectionism

c.obsolete information

d.distorted feedback

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 11

11) Who are significant others?

Feedback: A significant other is a person whose evaluation is especially influential to us.

Page reference:4.1.2 Characteristics of the Self-Concept

a.People whose evaluations are meaningful to us

b.People with whom we spend a great deal of time

c.People whom we view as highly competent

d.People to whom we’re related

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 12

12) Which is the fourth stage of a self-fulfilling prophecy?

Feedback: Reinforcement is the fourth stage of the circular process of a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Page reference:4.1.3 The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy and Communication

a.Behaving in accordance with that expectation

b.Holding an expectation (for yourself or for others) c.The expectation coming to pass

d.Reinforcing the original expectation

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 13

13) What is impression management?

Feedback: Scholars call the communication strategies people use to influence how others view them impression management.

Page reference:4.2 Presenting the Self

a.The process whereby you attempt to influence others’ perceptions of you

b.The process of deliberately revealing information about yourself that is significant and that would not normally be known by others

c.The tendency to seek out information that confirms already existing opinions

d.The tendency to attach meaning to another’s behavior

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 14

14) The __________ self is a public image, the way you want to appear to others.

Feedback: The perceived self is your view of yourself, which may not be accurate in all respects, and the presenting self is your public image, which is often a socially approved presentation.

Page reference:4.2.1 Public Self and Private Self

a.interpersonal

b.impersonal

c.perceived

d.presenting

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 15

15) Sociologist Erving Goffman compared facework to being a ____________.

Feedback: Goffman argued that each of us can be viewed as both a playwright and an actor, creating and portraying roles we want others to believe.

Page reference:4.2.1 Public Self and Private Self

a.cyclist or runner

b.playwright or actor

c.pianist or violinist

d.doctor or surgeon

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 16

16) After being unexpectedly fired, you are careful not to show any emotion as you pack up your desk. Back at your apartment, though, you break down in tears with your dog. In Erving Goffman’s terms, your behavior differs because it involved ____________ and ____________ regions, respectively.

Feedback: Goffman suggests that each of us maintains face by putting on a front when around others we want to impress. In contrast, behavior in the back region—when you’re alone—may be quite different.

Page reference:4.2.1 Public Self and Private Self

a.impersonal; personal

b.high; low

c.front; back

d.significant; insignificant

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 17

17) When others allow you to preserve your socially approved image, they are helping you save __________.

Feedback: Erving Goffman used the word “face” to describe this socially approved identity, and he coined the term “facework” to describe verbal and nonverbal ways to maintain this image.

Page reference:4.2.1 Public Self and Private Self

a.face

b.facework

c.reflected appraisal

d.reappraisal

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 18

18) Most job interviews and first dates are clear examples of which characteristic of impression management?

Feedback: People manage impressions more carefully and strategically in some contexts than in others, such as interviews and first dates.

Page reference:4.2.2 Characteristics of Impression Management

a.Unconscious impression management

b.Deliberate impression management

c.High-context impression management

d.Low-context impression management

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 19

19) Balancing the demands of being a first-string quarterback and an “A” pre-med student reflects which characteristic of impression management?

Feedback: Different roles in your multifaceted identity might be conflicting at times.

Page reference:4.2.2 Characteristics of Impression Management

a.Impression management is collaborative.

b.Impression management can be unconscious.

c.We strive to maintain a multifaceted identity.

d.Identity is shaped by reflected appraisal.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 20

20) Using a physical environment to influence how others view us is known as a choice of __________.

Feedback: The physical setting or environment you choose and the way you arrange it help manage impressions.

Page reference:4.2.3 Face-to-Face Impression Management

a.setting

b.appearance

c.manner

d.style

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 21

21) Employees with __________ should proceed with caution and consider the potential consequences of self-disclosure.

Feedback: Disclosing certain information about your personal life can be damaging, especially for people with invisible stigmas—traits or conditions that run the risk of being viewed unfavorably. Hence, caution is advised.

Page reference:4.2.3 Face-to-Face Impression Management

a.confirmation bias

b.complementary conflict

c.dialectical tensions

d.invisible stigmas

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 22

22) Changing privacy settings on your profiles, customizing who can see certain updates, and deleting unwanted information about yourself is a form of __________.

Feedback: These activities are part of what researchers call “reputation management.”

Page reference:4.2.4 Impression Management in Mediated Communication

a.convergence

b.reputation management

c.divergence

d.differentiating

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 23

23) Which quality of most digital communication allows it to serve as a tool for impression management at levels equal or superior to face-to-face communication?

Feedback: The asynchronicity of most digital correspondence allows a sender to say difficult things without forcing the receiver to respond immediately. Likewise, time lags allow mediated communicators to carefully craft and edit their messages before hitting “send.”

Page reference:4.2.4 Impression Management in Mediated Communication

a.High context

b.Low context

c.Asychronicity

d.Sychronicity

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 24

24) Your friend asks you what you think of her new ride. You don’t like it, but you tell her that it’s a definite upgrade from her last car. This response balances your desire to be honest with your desire to __________

Feedback: Communicating effectively involves balancing the desire to be honest with the postiive face needs of others.

Page reference:4.2.5 Impression Management and Honesty

a.resolve conflict

b.maintain positive face

c.avoid uncertainty

d.achieve convergence

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 25

25) Which of the following is NOT a requirement for self-disclosure?

Feedback: Self-disclosing messages must contain personal information that wouldn’t otherwise be known to the target, although you have may already disclosed this information to someone else.

Page reference:4.3.1 The Nature of Self-Disclosure

a.It must contain personal information about the sender.

b.The sender must purposefully communicate this information.

c.Another person must be the target.

d.The sender must convey personal information never shared before.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 26

26) True self-disclosure must be __________.

Feedback: Self-disclosure requires honesty, although it does not require revealing everything at once.

Page reference:4.3.1 The Nature of Self-Disclosure

a.hyperpersonal

b.detailed

c.honest

d.dialectical

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 27

27) The __________ model examines __________ of self-disclosure.

Feedback: The social penetration model describes two dimensions of self-disclosure: breadth and depth.

Page reference:4.3.2 Models of Self-Disclosure

a.Johari Window; authenticity

b.social penetration; breadth and depth

c.Johari Window; breadth and depth

d.social penetration; awareness

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 28

28) Ritualized, stock responses to social situations are called __________.

Feedback: Although hardly revealing or original, clichés can serve as a valuable kind of shorthand that keeps the social wheels greased.

Page reference:4.3.2 Models of Self-Disclosure

a.facts

b.opinions

c.feelings

d.clichés

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 29

29) Items in the __________ area of the Johari Window become public primarily through self-disclosure.

Feedback: The hidden area of the Johari Window has information you know but aren’t typically willing to reveal to others.

Page reference:4.3.2 Models of Self-Disclosure

a.open

b.blind

c.hidden

d.unknown

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 30

30) You didn’t realize how rapidly you speak when you’re nervous until your public speaking instructor points it out. What do scholars call information in this part of the Johari Window?

Feedback: Theblind area of the Johari Window features information of which you are unaware but another person knows. You learn about it primarily through feedback from others.

Page reference:4.3.2 Models of Self-Disclosure

a.Open

b.Blind

c.Hidden

d.Unknown

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 31

31) One person’s act of self-disclosure increases the odds that the other person will reveal personal information in an act of __________.

Feedback: Your own honesty can create a climate that makes the other person feel safer and perhaps even obligated to match your level of candor.

Page reference:4.3.3 Benefits and Risks of Self-Disclosure

a.reciprocity

b.reappraisal

c.self-clarification

d.catharsis

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 32

32) You always look forward to the hair salon. You enjoy talking to your stylist about your opinions and feelings, discussions in which you typically gain some new insight. Which benefit of self-disclosure do you enjoy in this situation?

Feedback: Self-clarification involves illuminating your beliefs, opinions, thoughts, attitudes, and feelings by talking about them with another person.

Page reference:4.3.3 Benefits and Risks of Self-Disclosure

a.Self-validation

b.Catharsis

c.Self-clarification

d.Impression formation

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 33

33) You are careful not to criticize your manager to a coworker who is likely to share your opinion with others. Which guideline for disclosure are you following?

Feedback: Sharing your important feelings with someone you know is likely to betray your confidences or ridicule them would be an unreasonable risk.

Page reference:4.3.4 Guidelines for Self-Disclosure

a.Will the effect of the disclosure be constructive?

b.Is the disclosure reciprocated?

c.Is the risk of disclosing reasonable?

d.Is the disclosure honest?

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 34

34) You tell a friend about your offer of a better job at another company. This friend shares the information with someone else who informs your current boss. Which risk of disclosure does this scenario illustrate?

Feedback: Disclosing information resulted in losing control of who learned of it.

Page reference:4.3.4 Guidelines for Self-Disclosure

a.Negative impression

b.Loss of control

c.Rejection

d.Loss of influence

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 35

35) Which alternative to self-disclosure seeks a desired response from someone, often to spare this person from embarrassment?

Feedback: More direct than equivocal statements, hints are aimed at changing another’s behavior or avoiding embarrassment.

Page reference:4.3.5 Alternatives to Self-Disclosure

a.White lies

b.Equivocation

c.Silence

d.Hinting

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 36

36) Research indicates that __________ might be a better alternative to self-disclosure at the workplace, particularly when you have a potentially hurtful thought or feeling that is not being directly questioned.

Feedback: One study showed that in the workplace, withholding information is often seen as a better alternative than lying or engaging in deception. Silence can be particularly useful when you have a potentially hurtful thought or feeling that is not being directly questioned.

Page reference:4.3.5 Alternatives to Self-Disclosure

a.silence

b.equivocation

c.white lies

d.hinting

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 37

37) High self-esteem guarantees interpersonal success.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference: 4.1

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 38

38) At about 6 or 7 months of age, infants begin to recognize “self” as distinct from surroundings.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 39

39) You cannot choose your reference groups.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference: 4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 40

40) Most Americans have fairly high self-esteem and rate themselves as generally “above average.”

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 41

41) If you’re in need of a self-concept change, the best prescription is to surround yourself with significant others who offer you accurate, affirming messages about who you are and who you’re becoming.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference: 4.1.2 Characteristics of the Self-Concept

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 42

42) Competent communicators are multifaceted people with a variety of roles and identities—all of which are legitimately “you.”

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference: 4.2.2 Characteristics of Impression Management

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 43

43) People adopt the same impression management strategies across situations.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.2.2 Characteristics of Impression Management

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 44

44) “Just be yourself” is the best advice for everyone at work.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.2.3 Face-to-Face Impression Management

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 45

45) Lean mediated channels are a disadvantage for communicators who want to manage the impressions they make.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.2.4 Impression Management in Mediated Communication

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 46

46) Most people focus on positive features and omit or downplay negative details from their online profiles.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.2.5 Impression Management and Honesty

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 47

47) The majority of conversations focus on mundane topics and disclose little or no personal information.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.3.1 The Nature of Self-Disclosure

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 48

48) The most intimate relationships are those in which disclosure is great in both breadth and depth.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.3.2 Models of Self-Disclosure

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 49

49) Facts about you reveal more than your opinions.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.3.2 Models of Self-Disclosure

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 50

50) People who disclose personal information are perceived as less likeable.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.3.3 Benefits and Risks of Self-Disclosure

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 4 Question 51

51) In a series of experiments, over 90 percent of subjects chose to tell a face-saving lie rather than tell the truth or equivocate.

Feedback: Type general feedback here (maximum of 1000 characters (including spaces))

Page reference:4.3.5 Alternatives to Self-Disclosure

a. True

b. False

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 52

52) Describe the cyclical effect of self-esteem on communication behavior.

Feedback: People who feel good about themselves typically expect to receive positive evaluations from others. These positive expectations increase the chance that communication will be successful, and successes contribute to positive self-evaluations, which reinforce self-esteem. The same principle can work in a negative cycle when communicators have low self-esteem.

Page reference: 4.1 Communication and the Self-Concept

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 53

53) Explain the relationship between social comparison and reference groups.

Feedback: The self-image is shaped by the process of social comparison: evaluating ourselves in comparison with others. We decide whether we are superior or inferior and similar or different by comparing ourselves to what social scientists call reference groups—others against whom you evaluate your own characteristics.

Page reference: 4.1.1 How the Self-Concept Develops

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 54

54) Identify 4 primary characteristics of the self-concept.

Feedback: The self-concept is subjective, flexible, multifaceted, and resistant to change.

Page reference: 4.1.2 Characteristics of the Self-Concept

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 55

55) How does the perceived self differ from the presenting self?

Feedback: The perceived self is the person you believe yourself to be, though it may not be accurate in every respect. In contrast, the presenting self is a public image—the way you want to appear to others. In most cases the presenting self is a socially approved image, and it shifts with the context.

Page reference: 4.2.1 Public Self and Private Self

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 56

56) Name 4 guidelines for impression management in the workplace.

Feedback: 1) Proceed with caution. 2) Assess the organization’s culture. 3) Consider the consequences of not opening up. 4) Test the waters.

Page reference: 4.2.3 Face-to-Face Impression Management

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 57

57) Identify 7 characteristics of self-disclosure.

Feedback: Self-disclosure (1) has the self as subject, (2) is intentional, (3) is directed at another person, (4) is honest, (5) is revelatory, (6) contains information generally unavailable from other sources, and (7) gains much of its intimate nature from the context in which it is expressed.

Page reference: 4.3.1 The Nature of Self-Disclosure

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 58

58) What are 5 guidelines, expressed as questions, for self-disclosure?

Feedback: 1) Is other person important to you? 2) Is the risk of disclosing reasonable? 3) Is the self-disclosure appropriate? 4) Is the disclosure reciprocated? 5) Will the effect be constructive?

Page reference: 4.3.4 Guidelines for Self-Disclosure

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 59

59) Describe self-fulfilling prophecies, identifying their four stages and two types.

Feedback:

• A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when a person’s expectations of an event, and subsequent behavior based on those expectations, make the expected outcome more likely to occur.
• It has 4 stages: 1) Holding an expectation (for yourself or for others) 2) Behaving in accordance with that expectation 3) The expectation coming to pass 4) Reinforcing the original expectation
• It has 2 types: First, your own expectations can influence your behavior. Second, one person’s expressed expectations can affect another’s behavior. It isn’t just an observer’s belief that creates a self-fulfilling prophecy for another person. The observer—whether a parent, employer, or teacher—must communicate that belief verbally or nonverbally for the prediction to have any effect. In this sense, the self-fulfilling prophecies imposed by one person on another are as much a communication phenomenon as a psychological one.

Page reference: 4.1.3 The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy and Communication

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 60

60) Identify 3 ways in which communicators engage in face-to-face impression management.

Feedback:

• Manner consists of a communicator’s words and nonverbal actions (e.g., teasing, scolding, frowning, smiling). Because you have to speak and act, the question isn’t whether your manner sends a message; rather, it’s whether the message is intentional.
• Appearance featuresthe personal items (e.g., hairstyle, watches, glasses) people use to shape an image. The clothes you wear, the car you drive, and the place where you live all send messages: “I’m wealthy,” “I’m stylish,” “I’m sexy,” “I’m athletic,” and so on.
• Setting is the use of the physical environment to influence how others view us (e.g., artwork you hang on walls, music you play, restaurants you choose). The physical setting you select and the way you arrange it help manage impressions.

Page reference: 4.2.3 Face-to-Face Impression Management

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 4 Question 61

61) Compare and contrast 2 major models of self-disclosure.

Feedback:

• The social penetration model describes relationships in terms of breadth, the range of subjects discussed, and depth of self-disclosure, the shift from relatively impersonal messages to more personal ones.
• Depending on the breadth and depth of information shared, a relationship can be defined as casual or intimate. In a casual relationship, the breadth may be great, but not the depth. A more intimate relationship is likely to have high depth in at least one area.
• The Johari Window model has four parts that identify awareness of self-disclosure:The open area represents the information of which both you and the other person are aware. The blind area representsinformation of which you are unaware but that the other person knows. You learn about information in the blind area primarily through feedback from others. The hidden area represents information that you know but aren’t willing to reveal to others. These items become public primarily through self-disclosure. The unknown area represents information unknown to both you and others.
• The relative size of each area in your personal Johari Window model changes from time to time according to your moods, the subject you’re discussing, and your relationship with the other person.

Page reference: 4.3.2 Models of Self-Disclosure