Test Bank + Answers Nuclear Reactions And Their Ch24

Chapter 24 Test Bank

Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

1. Who discovered radioactivity?

A. Geiger

B. Curie

C. Roentgen

D. Becquerel

E. Rutherford

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

2. Which one of the following is an incorrect representation of the indicated particle or nucleus?

A. positron:

B. neutron:

C. helium-3:

D. alpha particle:

E. proton:

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

3. Which one of the following descriptions relating to nuclear reactions is correct?

A. The ratio of neutrons to protons remains constant.

B. The number of protons plus neutrons remains constant.

C. The number of electron remains constant.

D. The total charge changes.

E. The total number of nucleons changes.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

4. Which one of the following is a subatomic particle closely related to the positron?

A. proton

B. electron

C. negatron

D. neutron

E. neutrino

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

5. Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

A. gamma emission

B. electron capture

C. beta emission

D. alpha emission

E. double beta emission

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

6.

In the equation above, what particle or type of radiation needs to be included on the right-hand side in order to balance it?

A. alpha

B. beta

C. gamma

D. positron

E. proton

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

7. Which one of the following equations correctly represents alpha decay of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

8. Which one of the following equations correctly represents positron decay of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

9. Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the nucleus?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

10. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

11. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

12. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

13. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

14. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

15. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

16. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

17. Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

18. An isotope with a high value of N/Z will tend to decay through

A. α decay.

B. β decay.

C. positron decay.

D. electron capture.

E. decay.

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

19. The radioisotope will decay through

A. α decay.

B. β decay.

C. positron decay.

D. electron capture.

E. decay.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

20. An isotope with a low value of N/Z will generally decay through

A. α decay.

B. β decay.

C. decay.

D. electron capture.

E. spontaneous fission.

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

21. The radioisotope will decay through

A. α decay.

B. β decay.

C. decay.

D. electron capture.

E. spontaneous fission.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

22. An isotope with Z > 83, which lies close to the band of stability, will generally decay through

A. α decay.

B. β decay.

C. decay.

D. positron decay.

E. electron capture.

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

23. The radioisotope will decay through

A. α decay.

B. β decay.

C. decay.

D. positron decay.

E. electron capture.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

24. The isotopes are all stable, while is radioactive. The mode of decay foris most likely to be

A. positron decay.

B. α decay.

C. decay.

D. electron capture.

E. β decay.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

25. The isotopes are all stable, while is radioactive. The mode of decay for is most likely to be

A. positron decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. beta decay.

D. gamma decay.

E. fission.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

26. The isotope is unstable. This is predictable because

A. N/Z ≠ 1.

B. N/Z is relatively low and Z < 20.

C. N/Z is relatively large and Z < 20.

D. Z is small.

E. N is large.

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

27. The isotope is unstable. This is predictable because

A. the number of neutrons is too large in relation to the number of protons.

B. the number of neutrons is too small in relation to the number of protons.

C. the atomic number is too large.

D. the mass number is too large.

E. Sc isotopes are all unstable.

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

28. Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

29. Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

30. Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

31. Which of the following isotopes is definitely unstable?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

32. The isotopes of promethium, and are unstable, and lie on opposite sides of the “line of stability”. Which of the following combinations is most likely to represent the type of decay for these isotopes?

A. promethium-144, β decay; promethium-134, positron decay

B. promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134, β decay

C. promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134, electron capture

D. promethium-144, electron capture; promethium-134, positron decay

E. promethium-144, β decay; promethium-134, decay

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

33. So-called “magic numbers” of particles are thought to convey extra stability to certain nuclei. These magic numbers (e.g., 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, and 82) refer to which of the following particles?

A. protons only

B. electrons only

C. positrons only

D. neutrons only

E. protons and neutrons

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

34. Which one of the following nuclei has a magic number of neutrons and/or protons?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

35. Which of the following series of radioactive decays would convert Pa-234 to Ra-226?

A. beta, alpha, beta

B. alpha, alpha

C. beta, alpha, alpha, beta

D. beta, alpha, alpha

E. alpha, beta, gamma

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

36. The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively) to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides that form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

A. Tl-210, Au-206, Pt-206

B. Bi-210, Tl-206, Pb-206

C. Pb-209, Hg-205, Hg-204

D. Bi-210, Pb-206, Bi-206

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

37. Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

A. the emission of a photon from an excited atom.

B. the ability of an ionized gas to carry an electrical current.

C. the emission of a photon of light by the radioactive particle.

D. the ability of a photomultiplier tube to amplify the electrical signal from a phosphor.

E. the detection of the sound made by decay particles.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

38. A scintillation counter

A. measures the signal coming from an ionized gas.

B. measures light emissions from excited atoms.

C. depends on an avalanche of electrons generated as a particle moves through a tube of argon gas.

D. detects high energy radiation better than low energy radiation.

E. detects an electric current in a gas.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

39. What is the specific activity (in Ci/g) of an isotope if 3.56 mg emits 4.26 × 10⁸ β particles per second?

A. 0.003232 Ci/g

B. 0.0115 Ci/g

C. 0.309 Ci/g

D. 3.23 Ci/g

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

40. A certain isotope has a specific activity of 7.29 × 10^–4 Ci/g. How many α particles will a 75.0 mg sample emit in one hour?

A. 9.99 × 10⁴

B. 2.02 × 10⁶

C. 7.28 × 10⁹

D. 1.29 × 10¹²

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

41. The radiochemist, Will I. Glow, studied thorium-232 and found that 2.82 × 10^–7 moles emitted 8.42 × 10⁶ α particles in one year. What is the decay constant for thorium-232?

A. 3.35 × 10–¹⁴ yr^–1

B. 4.96 × 10–¹¹ yr^–1

C. 1.40 × 10¹⁰ yr^–1

D. 2.99 × 10¹³ yr^–1

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

42. A 7.85 × 10^–5 mol sample of copper–61 emits 1.47 × 10¹⁹ positrons in 90.0 minutes. What is the decay constant for copper–61?

A. 0.00230 h^–1

B. 0.00346 h^–1

C. 0.207 h^–1

D. 0.311 h^–1

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

43. The isotope has a half-life of 21 hours. If a sample initially contains exactly 10000 atoms of approximately how many of these atoms will remain after one week?

A. 1250

B. 78

C. 39

D. 0

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

44. The isotope has a half-life of 7.5 seconds. If a sample contains 144 atoms of approximately how many such atoms were there present 30 seconds earlier?

A. 576

B. 1152

C. 2304

D. 4320

E. 4.30 × 10⁸

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

45. A 9.52 × 10^–5 mol sample of rubidium-86 emits 8.87 × 10¹⁶ β particles in one hour. What is the half-life of rubidium-86?

A. 2.23 × 10^–3 h

B. 1.55 × 10^–3 h

C. 448 h

D. 645 h

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

46. Iodine-131, t_1/2 = 8.0 days, is used in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland diseases. If a laboratory sample of iodine-131 initially emits 9.95 × 10¹⁸ β particles per day, how long will it take for the activity to drop to 6.22 × 10¹⁷ β particles per day?

A. 2.0 days

B. 16 days

C. 32 days

D. 128 days

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

47. Cesium-134 is a β emitter with a half-life of 2.0 years. How much of a 2.50-g sample of cesium-134 will remain after 10 years?

A. 0.0024 g

B. 0.078 g

C. 0.25 g

D. 0.50 g

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

48. Palladium-107 undergoes β decay (t_1/2 = 6.5 × 10⁵ yr) to form silver-107. How long will it take for 0.150 mol of silver-107 to form from 1.25 mol of palladium-107?

A. 2.0 × 10⁷ y

B. 1.4 × 10⁷ y

C. 1.2 × 10⁶ y

D. 8.3 × 10⁵ y

E. 1.2 × 10⁵ y

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

49. A pure sample of tritium, ³H, was prepared and sealed in a container for a number of years. Tritium undergoes β decay with a half-life of 12.32 years. How long has the container been sealed if analysis of the contents shows there are 5.25 mol of ³H and 6.35 mol of 3He present?

A. 2.34 y

B. 3.38 y

C. 9.77 y

D. 14.1 y

E. 25.6 y

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

50. All the disintegrations of a sample of an unknown nuclide weighing 4.6 × 10^–2 g were counted. In the first half-life of the sample, the total number of disintegrations counted was 4.3 × 10²⁰. What is the atomic weight of the unknown element?

A. 32 amu

B. 16 amu

C. 8 amu

D. 4 amu

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

51. In living organisms, C-14 atoms disintegrate at a rate of 15.3 atoms per minute per gram of carbon. A charcoal sample from an archaeological site has a C-14 disintegration rate of 9.16 atoms per minute per gram of carbon. Estimate the age of this sample. The half-life of C-14 is 5730 years.

A. 3170 years

B. 3430 years

C. 4020 years

D. 4790 years

E. 6750 years

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

52. Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

53. Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

54. Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

55. Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

56. Assuming that no other particles are produced, which of the following particles could be used to bombard nitrogen-14 in order to make fluorine-18?

A. alpha particle

B. beta particle

C. neutron

D. proton

E. positron

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

57. A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. Identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus.

A. alpha

B. proton

C. electron

D. neutron

E. deuterium

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

58. An 85-kg person exposed to barium-141 receives 2.5 × 10⁵ β particles, each with an energy of 5.2 × 10^–13 J. How many rads does the person receive?

A. 2.4 × 10^–20

B. 1.5 × 10^–7

C. 1.8 × 10^–16

D. 6.1 × 10^–15

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

59. A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 10⁴ β particles, each with an energy of 1.6 × 10^–14 J. How many rads does the person receive?

A. 2.1 × 10^–19

B. 1.2 × 10^–17

C. 2.2 × 10^–9

D. 1.2 × 10^–9

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

60. A 30.0-kg child receives 2.65 × 10⁷ β particles, each with an energy of 4.60 × 10^–13 J. If the RBE = 0.78, how many millirem did the child receive?

A. 3.2 × 10^–7

B. 5.2 × 10^–7

C. 5.2 × 10^–4

D. 3.2 × 10^–2

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

61. A patient's thyroid gland is to be exposed to an average of 5.5 μCi for 16 days as an ingested sample of iodine-131 decays. If the energy of the β radiation is 9.7 × 10^–14 J and the mass of the thyroid is 32.0 g, what is the dose received by the patient?

A. 0.027 rads

B. 1.2 rads

C. 37 rads

D. 85 rads

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

62. Exposure to 10 nCi for 10 minutes is more hazardous for a child than for an adult because

A. the child's cells are dividing more rapidly than the adult's and are, therefore, more susceptible to the radiation.

B. the child's smaller body size makes the effective dose larger for the child than for the adult.

C. the child's immune system is not developed well enough to resist damage.

D. the child's skin is not as thick as an adult's and cannot block as much radiation.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

63. Carbon-14 will emit a β particle with an energy of 0.1565 MeV. What is this energy in joules?

A. 1.0 × 10^–24 J

B. 2.5 × 10^–20 J

C. 1.0 × 10^–18 J

D. 2.5 × 10^–14 J

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

64. Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 × 10^–13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

A. 4.0 × 10^–7 MeV

B. 2.5 MeV

C. 40 MeV

D. 2.5 × 10⁶ MeV

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

65. Calcium-39 undergoes positron decay. Each positron carries 5.49 MeV of energy. How much energy will be emitted when 0.0025 mol of calcium-39 decays?

A. 13.2 kJ

B. 1.32 × 10⁴ kJ

C. 1.32 × 10⁶ kJ

D. 1.32 × 10⁹ kJ

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

66. Which of the following materials is put into a nuclear reactor to slow the chain reaction?

A. heavy water

B. moderators

C. control rods

D. reflectors

E. chlorine

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Fission and Fusion

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

67. It is believed that two carbon-12 nuclei can react in the core of a supergiant star to form sodium-23 and hydrogen-1. Calculate the energy released from this reaction for each mole of hydrogen formed. The masses of carbon-12, sodium-23, and hydrogen-1 are 12.0000 amu, 22.989767 amu, and 1.007825, respectively.

A. 2.16 × 10¹⁴ kJ

B. 2.16 × 10¹¹ kJ

C. 2.16 × 10⁸ kJ

D. 2.16 × 10⁵ kJ

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Interconversion of Mass and Energy (Nuclear Binding Energy)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

68. Which one of the following elements is formed largely in supernova explosions?

A. H

B. He

C. Mg

D. Fe

E. U

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Fission and Fusion

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

69. Gamma rays are high energy electrons.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

70. Gamma rays are not deflected by an electric field.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

71. Positron decay and electron capture have the same net effect on the Z and N values of a nucleus.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

72. No alpha decay is observed for isotopes of elements with Z < 83.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

73. Radioactive decay follows zero-order kinetics.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

74. After 4 half-lives, the fraction of a radioactive isotope which still remains is approximately one-eighth.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

75. Most foodstuffs contain natural, radioactive isotopes.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

76. The (negative) binding energy per nucleon reaches a maximum for the isotope

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Interconversion of Mass and Energy (Nuclear Binding Energy)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

77. The r-process occurs during supernova explosions.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Fission and Fusion

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

78. The s-process involves a slow succession of neutron absorption and beta decay processes during the normal life of a star.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Fission and Fusion

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

79. An alkaline earth element is radioactive. It and its daughter elements decay by emitting a total of three alpha particles in succession. In what group of the periodic table is the element resulting from the emission of the third alpha particle?

A. 4A (14)

B. 5A (15)

C. 6A (16)

D. 7A (17)

E. 8A (18)

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

80. The difference between the rad and the rem is

A. the rem is a rad per year.

B. the rad takes into account the type of radiation.

C. the rem takes into account the effect on the particular biological tissue.

D. the rem is a rad per kilogram.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Interconversion of Mass and Energy (Nuclear Binding Energy)

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

81. Gamma-rays and X-rays interact with matter, causing

A. formation of ions, but no free radicals.

B. formation of free radicals, but no ions.

C. nuclear transmutation reactions.

D. formation of ions and free radicals.

E. formation of ions and nuclear transmutation reactions.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

82. Which of the following cannot be an example of nuclear fusion?

A. A nuclear reaction in which two reactants have greater binding energy than their fused product.

B. A nuclear reaction in which a carbon nucleus is produced.

C. The primary energy-producing reaction in the Sun.

D. The primary energy-producing reaction in a hydrogen bomb.

E. A reaction in which the reactants are less stable than the products.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Applications of Fission and Fusion

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 45

Bloom's: 1. Remember 4

Bloom's: 2. Remember 21

Bloom's: 2. Understand 5

Bloom's: 3. Apply 52

Difficulty: Easy 26

Difficulty: Hard 11

Difficulty: Medium 44

Difficulty: Easy 1

Gradable: automatic 82

Subtopic: Applications of Fission and Fusion 5

Subtopic: Applications of Radioisotopes 8

Subtopic: Interconversion of Mass and Energy (Nuclear Binding Energy) 3

Subtopic: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (Radioisotopic Dating) 13

Subtopic: Nuclear Transmutation 8

Subtopic: Radioactivity and Nuclear Stability 45

Topic: Nuclear Chemistry 82