Test Bank Answers Chapter.7 Sexuality and Sexualization 1e - Psychology of Women and Gender 1e Complete Test Bank by Miriam Liss. DOCX document preview.

Test Bank Answers Chapter.7 Sexuality and Sexualization 1e

Chapter 7: Sexuality and Sexualization

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

7.1 Sexual Scripts 

7.1a. Describe the traditional sexual script and identify the underlying assumptions communicated by these scripts about normative sexual interactions.

7.2 Learning about Sex

7.2a. Summarize how and what youth typically learn about sex, including what they typically do not learn.

7.2b. Compare and contrast different approaches to sex education and describe the different outcomes associated with each approach.

7.3 Talking about Sex

7.3a. Describe the major components of women’s genitalia and common ways that female anatomical parts are generally discussed.

7.3b. Compare and contrast different available methods of birth control and their effects on reproductive and sexual health.

7.4 Having (and, Ideally, Enjoying) Sex

7.4a. Summarize research on rates of young women’s first partnered sexual activity and describe media-based sexual scripts that may shape how young people make sense of their first coital experiences.

7.4b. Describe common perceptions about sexual activity, including how frequently people engage in sex and gender differences in experiences of casual/hook up sex.

7.4c. Compare and contrast the different ways that women and men experience masturbation and orgasm.

7.4d. Describe barriers to enjoyable sex among women.

7.5 Sexualization: Selling Women’s Bodies

7.5a. Outline the ways in which the sexualization of women manifests for individuals as well as in society more broadly.

7.5b. Evaluate the claim that self-sexualization is oppressive and harmful as well as the counterclaim that self-sexualization is empowering and pleasurable.

7.6 (Re)Claiming Women’s Sexuality

7.6a. Define sexual agency and describe different ways women assert themselves in claiming their own sexuality.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The set of interrelated assumptions in Western culture about what sex involves and what people should expect during sex is known as

a.

a sexual script.

b.

sexualization.

c.

a sexual hookup.

d.

sexuality.

2. Compulsory heterosexuality refers to the

a.

assumption that the normal sexual drive directs one toward a member of the other gender.

b.

expectation that the way for women to gain power and status is though male recognition.

c.

powerful norms and expectations that shape both gender socialization and expectations about legitimate romantic and sexual relationships.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

3. Which of the following is NOT an example of how compulsory heterosexuality can affect social interactions?

a.

Charisse dreads going to visit her grandparents who always ask whether or not she has found a boyfriend yet.

b.

Jan and Monique decide to include their neighbor, Richard, into their polyamorous relationship.

c.

Missy’s father says that he doesn’t want Missy to spend time with her friend Don unless there is a parent or other chaperone present.

d.

Harry asks Sally whether or not men and women can really “just be friends.”

4. Which of the following describes when women engage in sexual activity with one another for the enjoyment of men?

a.

performative bisexuality

b.

pansexuality

c.

polyamory

d.

compulsory heterosexuality

5. Leigh Ann is a lesbian woman who comes out to her family during a family dinner. When Leigh Ann’s sister asks Leigh Ann if she is still a virgin, the sister is communicating which part of the traditional sexual script?

a.

Real sex involves a woman and a man.

b.

If a man does not have an orgasm, then there was no sex.

c.

Men seek sex from women who are the gatekeepers of whether sex will or will not occur.

d.

Sex is an activity for the young, beautiful, and able-bodied.

6. Sean wants to have sex with Cristina and promises he “won’t finish,” so it won’t count as “real sex.” What part of the traditional sexual script is Sean apparently using to try to gain sexual access?

a.

Real sex involves a woman and a man.

b.

If a man does not have an orgasm, then there was no sex.

c.

Men seek sex from women who are the gatekeepers of whether sex will or will not occur.

d.

Sex is an activity for the young, beautiful, and able-bodied.

7. Laine gives her boyfriend oral sex in order to please him while also “saving herself for marriage.” What part of the traditional sexual script seems most strongly related to Laine’s decision?

a.

Real sex involves a woman and a man.

b.

If a man does not have an orgasm, then there was no sex.

c.

Men seek sex from women who are the gatekeepers of whether sex will or will not occur.

d.

Sex is an activity for the young, beautiful, and able-bodied.

8. Which of the following is NOT a key assumption of the traditional sexual script?

a.

Real sex involves a woman and a man.

b.

Sex begins with male penetration and ends with male orgasm.

c.

Men seek sex from women who are the gatekeepers of whether sex will or will not occur.

d.

For a romantic relationship to succeed, a couple cannot have sex on the first date.

9. Which of the following situations BEST exemplifies the sexual double standard?

a.

Alexandra has an earlier curfew than her younger brother David.

b.

Monique, a high school student, is not allowed to get her driver’s license because her brother needs to be able to use the car to pick up dates.

c.

After Jennice and Tyrone have sex for the first time, Jennice is slut shamed by Tyrone’s friends.

d.

Becca and José wait to have sex until they are married because of José’s strong religious beliefs.

10. Which of the following statements about the sexual double standard seems LEAST accurate?

a.

Men endorse the sexual double standard more strongly than women.

b.

Most people believe that, given women’s reproductive potential, they should be judged more negatively than men for any type of sexual contact outside of marriage.

c.

Most people will likely view a woman who initiates causal sex as less intelligent and mentally stable, compared to a man.

d.

Many women who reject the sexual double standard still anticipate that they will be negatively judged by others for casual sexual behavior.

11. Wendy identifies as asexual; accordingly, it is likely that she will

a.

be seen as having a psychological disorder.

b.

be seen as prudish or frigid.

c.

avoid being slut shamed.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

12. When children learn about their sexual body parts, about sexual and romantic relationships, and where babies come from, they are experiencing

a.

self-reflection.

b.

self-socialization.

c.

sexual socialization.

d.

abstinence-only sexual education.

13. Which of the following statements is LEAST true about sexual socialization in the home?

a.

Mothers are more likely than fathers to impart information about sex education to their children.

b.

Sexual socialization for girls tends to focus on avoiding sex and/or preventing pregnancy or infection.

c.

Most parents tend to be confident and comfortable discussing sexuality with their children in age appropriate ways.

d.

Most parents answer the specific questions that their children have about sex but do not bring up opportunities to discuss sexuality in a more general way.

14. Which of the following groups of people can be important sources of information about sex and sexuality for young people?

a.

grandparents

b.

siblings

c.

aunts

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

15. Maritza is considering whether to have sex for the first time. If she is a typical teen, who is she MOST likely to turn to for advice?

a.

teachers

b.

parents

c.

cousins

d.

friends

16. Girls rank the media and their peers as

a.

less important than their parents as sources of information about sex.

b.

just as important as their parents as sources of information about sex.

c.

more important than their parents as sources of information about sex.

d.

more important than their parents as sources of information about sex, but only when they were raised in a single parent rather than dual parent home.

17. Which of the following statements about sexual development is LEAST accurate?

a.

Girls who learn about sex primarily from the media are more likely to engage in sexual risk-taking.

b.

Learning about sex primarily from parents is related to having sex at an earlier age.

c.

Parents who primarily lecture children about sex may be less effective educators than those who have more open conversations.

d.

Those who watch pornography tend to feel less enjoyment with partnered sexual interactions.

18. A group of students in a classroom is told, “Abstinence is the best and preferred way to prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. But if you decide to have partnered sex, let’s look at other options that can help keep you safe.” These students are most likely participating in a(n) _______ sex education program.

a.

abstinence-only

b.

abstinence-plus

c.

comprehensive

d.

sex positive

19. A group of students in a classroom is told, “There are many ways to prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. One method is abstinence. Other methods include…..” Based on this statement, these students are most likely participating in a(n) _______ sex education program.

a.

abstinence-only

b.

abstinence-plus

c.

comprehensive

d.

sex positive

20. The view of sex and sexuality as healthy and positive aspects of a full life is known as

a.

abstinence-only sex education.

b.

abstinence-plus sex education.

c.

comprehensive sex education.

d.

sex positivity.

21. Which of the following statements about abstinence-only sex education is LEAST accurate?

a.

Funding for abstinence-only sex education varies depending on changes in elected government officials and their positions on different types of programs.

b.

Abstinence-only sex education programs do not lead to a delay initiation of sexual activity or reduce the number of sexual partners.

c.

Because abstinence-only sex education programs are often developed by religious groups, government funding for these programs is illegal, violating the separation of church and state.

d.

A minority of adults in the United States support abstinence-only sex education programs, whereas a majority supports students learning about contraception as well as abstinence.

22. Which of the following is a type of sexual education program that leads to a delayed initiation of sexual activity or to a reduced number of sexual partners?

a.

abstinence-only sex education

b.

abstinence-plus sex education

c.

comprehensive sex education

d.

both abstinence-plus and comprehensive sex education

23. Which of the following is NOT a feminist critique of comprehensive sex education programs?

a.

Sex education tends to assume people are heterosexual and cisgender.

b.

Segregating groups by gender for educational purposes risks marginalizing trans youth.

c.

Pleasure and desire are rarely discussed in comprehensive sex education programs, so the focus on risk and danger connects pleasure with danger.

d.

Providing a sex positive view of sex may encourage students to engage in sex even if they don’t have desire or feel ready.

24. Children are commonly taught to describe female genitalia as

a.

“private parts.”

b.

“coochies.”

c.

“down there.”

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

25. Women’s external genitalia, collectively, are known as the

a.

vulva.

b.

labia majora.

c.

labia minora.

d.

vagina.

26. The fatty tissue covered in pubic hair and that begins near the thigh and extends inward is BEST known as the

a.

vulva.

b.

labia majora.

c.

labia minora.

d.

clitoris.

27. Which of the following accurately describes the clitoris?

a.

The highly sensitive clitoral glans is the most visible part of the clitoris complex.

b.

Many women experience orgasm through stimulation of the clitoral glans and shaft.

c.

The clitoris is best described as an interconnected network of internal and external structures.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

28. How is responsibility for birth control typically managed in mixed-gender couples?

a.

Compared to men, women have less of a say about what form of birth control they will use when couples openly discuss contraception options.

b.

Compared to men, women are more likely to assume both financial and other types of responsibility for most forms of contraception.

c.

Compared to men, women have more limited options for possible methods.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

29. Hormonal contraceptives include which of the following?

a.

birth control pills

b.

condoms

c.

sterilization

d.

diaphragms

30. You want to encourage your younger cousin to use birth control, and she says she wants to use a hormonal method. Which option does NOT support her preference?

a.

patches

b.

birth control pills

c.

implants

d.

spermicides

31. You want to encourage your younger cousin to use birth control, and she says that she wants to use a barrier method. Which option does NOT support her preference?

a.

sponges

b.

birth control pills

c.

diaphragms

d.

male condoms

32. The decision to use a particular method of contraception is influenced by

a.

access.

b.

cost.

c.

reversibility.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

33. Of the following, which is the most commonly used type of contraception?

a.

birth control pills

b.

sponges

c.

tracking ovulation

d.

diaphragms

34. Based on data from a nationally representative survey in the United States, the average age of first sexual intercourse is ______-years-old.

a.

15.5

b.

16.5

c.

17.5

d.

18.5

35. Which of the following is NOT a sexual script about virginity loss in popular media?

a.

Virginity should be saved.

b.

Virginity should be shed, to avoid stigma.

c.

Virginity should be managed, given that sex is inevitable.

d.

Virginity should be discussed openly (with parents, teachers, and peers).

36. ______________ tend to define sex in broader terms than _________________.

a.

Men; women

b.

Teachers; parents

c.

Lesbians; heterosexual men and women

d.

Transgender individuals; cisgender individuals

37. A sexually inexperienced teen couple spends prom night together in a hotel. They experiment with oral sex; no vaginal or anal penetration occurs. If they are typical teens, when asked if they are still virgins, the teens are likely to say

a.

“yes.”

b.

“no.”

c.

“yes,” but only if the person responding did not experience orgasm.

d.

“no,” if the person responding is male.

38. Which of the following teen girls is MOST likely to have experienced first vaginal sex as pleasurable?

a.

Amy, who says, “I got it over with, finally.”

b.

Amanda, who says, “I think now he thinks I’m a slut because I got carried away in the moment.”

c.

Annalise, who says, “Now that I’ve had sex, I’m a real adult woman.”

d.

Annika, who says, “Sex allowed me to express myself in a new way with my boyfriend.”

39. Gender differences in responses to having sex for the first time show that men tended to ______, whereas women tended to _____.

a.

regret their experience; also regret their experience

b.

achieve status as adult men; manage feeling loss

c.

coerce partners to gain consent; be passively receptive to coercion

d.

give in to partner pressure; give in to peer pressure

40. Franny and Felicia meet at a party and end up kissing. They agree that neither of them expects any further commitment from the other person. This is an example of

a.

sex positivity.

b.

a hookup.

c.

the sexual double standard.

d.

casual sex.

41. Which of the following couples is MOST likely to be perceived as having hooked up?

a.

Chris, who flirtatiously touches Jenny soon after first meeting her in the hallway of his fraternity’s house.

b.

Elise and Matt, who, after having been dating for three months, spend their first night together.

c.

Kevin and Harrison, who, after working on their science lab report all evening, eventually engage in sexual activity; the next day, they agree to just be friends with benefits.

d.

Sally and Samantha have been best friends since preschool, they sometimes try kissing to see what it feels like and practice for their future romantic relationships.

42. The misperception that, compared to oneself, other people are more sexually active and have more sexual partners is known as

a.

hooking up.

b.

casual sex.

c.

pluralistic ignorance.

d.

friends with benefits.

43. Documented gender differences in rates of masturbation may be due to

a.

women having less sexual desire than men.

b.

sexual double standards that inhibit women’s sexual self-exploration.

c.

women’s discomfort admitting sexual self-exploration to researchers.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

44. Which of the following individuals is most likely to experience orgasm almost every time or every time they have partnered sexual activity?

a.

Oliver, a heterosexual man

b.

Olivia, a heterosexual woman

c.

Oona, a bisexual woman

d.

Omar, a gay man

45. Which of the following is a source of pleasure during partnered sex?

a.

physical arousal

b.

emotional closeness

c.

expressing love

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

46. Women tend to report being __________ satisfied than men with partnered sexual encounters, which is largely due to whether the sex they have _________________.

a.

less; meets their expectations for physical pleasure

b.

more; meet their expectations for physical pleasure

c.

less; involves a partner who is accepted by one’s peer group

d.

more; involves a partner who is accepted by one’s peer group

47. Women tend to report being __________ sexually satisfied than men during casual heterosexual encounters, which this is largely due to ____________________.

a.

less; women not being viewed as entitled to orgasm

b.

more; women being free to express themselves without having the burden of emotional and physical labor (e.g., providing support, doing laundry)

c.

less; the universal preference that women have to be with a committed sexual partner

d.

more; the emotional connection that women feel when they satisfy a partner

48. Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate about sexual dysfunction among women?

a.

About 40% of women report experiencing sexual dysfunction.

b.

There are four categories of sexual dysfunction among women: dysfunction related to infertility, orgasm, lubrication, and a deficient G spot.

c.

Diagnosing hypoactive sexual desire disorder is affected by the perceptions of the individual, the individual’s partner, and the person making the diagnosis regarding how often one “should” feel desire.

d.

In some cases, sexual desire disorders may be the result of difficulties with sexual arousal that make sex feel painful or awkward.

49. Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to receive an appropriate diagnosis of hypoactive sexual desire disorder?

a.

Sue, who fantasizes about sex often but is so overworked and tired that she only has sex about twice a month.

b.

John, who does not have sex because he thinks it is morally wrong unless the goal is procreation.

c.

Mary, who is satisfied with having sex a few times a week, but whose husband wishes they had sex daily.

d.

Fred, who has sex twice a week to satisfy his wife, but would prefer to be left alone since he is rarely interested.

50. A woman who does not experience vaginal lubrication or engorgement of the labia and clitoris might be most accurately diagnosed as having

a.

hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

b.

sexual desire discrepancies.

c.

sexual arousal disorder.

d.

female orgasmic disorder.

51. Which of the following may contribute to the diagnosis of female orgasmic disorder?

a.

Women who have low desire or who don’t experience physical arousal may be less likely to experience orgasms.

b.

Women may not be stimulated by partners in ways that would be expected to produce orgasms

c.

Women are more likely to experience orgasm by manual or oral stimulation than by vaginal penetration.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

52. An otherwise happy, committed couple becomes concerned because the female partner recently began experiencing severe pain in her genital area during intercourse. Which of the following can be concluded by this?

a.

The woman is experiencing dyspareunia.

b.

The woman is experiencing vaginismus.

c.

Conflict is inevitable if the couple does not address the sexual dysfunction shortly.

d.

There is not enough information available.

53. Which of the following occurs when women engage in body surveillance during sex?

a.

body image self-consciousness

b.

gendered body shame

c.

cognitive distraction

d.

vaginismus

54. When women experience their bodies primarily as sexual objects that can provide of pleasure for partners, they are engaging in

a.

body image self-consciousness.

b.

gendered body shame.

c.

spectatoring.

d.

vaginismus.

55. What are the effects of objectification on sexual relationship functioning?

a.

Women who objectify themselves during sex experience less sexual pleasure and satisfaction.

b.

Men who objectify women during sex tend to be less sexually satisfied with their relationships.

c.

Women who feel objectified by male partners often feel pressure and coerced into sex.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

56. Which of the following occurs when sexuality is imposed on others, when people are perceived as sex objects, and when a person’s value is reduced to their sexual appeal or sexual behavior?

a.

sex work

b.

sexualization

c.

gender non-affirmation

d.

sex positivity

57. Which of the following advertisements does NOT use sexualization to promote a commercial product?

a.

An ad for razors that shows an apparently nude woman lounging near the tub, petals draped to cover her nipples.

b.

An ad for tampons that depicts women in attractive athletic clothing hiking and running while on their periods.

c.

An ad for shampoo that shows a young girl peering suggestively at the camera through a mane of carefully tousled curls.

d.

The ads in all of the answer options use sexualization to sell products.

58. Which of the following descriptions of sexualization in advertising is LEAST true?

a.

When people say that “sex sells,” they typically are referring to the sexualization of girls and women in advertisements.

b.

Ads for products using sexualization garner attention but do not actually seem to sell products.

c.

Ads that sexualize women tend to feature Asian women more so than any other racial/ethnic group.

d.

Most ads that sexualize women show a bare, passive, helpless woman, but some ads also feature a woman in a more dominant type role.

59. How are transwomen sexualized in the media?

a.

Transwomen are often depicted in terms of close-up shots of body parts.

b.

Transwomen are often asked about the nature of their most intimate body parts.

c.

Transwomen are often depicted in terms of close up shots of body parts and are also often asked about the nature of their most intimate body parts.

d.

Transwomen are rarely depicted in terms of close up shots of body parts and are rarely asked about the nature of their most intimate body parts.

60. Which of the following activities completed for pay is NOT considered sex work?

a.

stripping for a live audience

b.

being paid for sex

c.

enacting sexual role plays and activity in film

d.

modeling

61. Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes sex work?

a.

Sex work is often illegal and is therefore a dangerous industry.

b.

Sex work is generally respected as an individual choice for people to make money.

c.

Sex work is legal in most of the Northeastern United States.

d.

Women of color who engage in sex work are less likely than White women to interact with law enforcement.

62. Some women enjoy sexualization because

a.

they feel empowered by publicly embracing their sexuality.

b.

they feel sexy when they wear clothing or shoes that they know will be sexually attractive to others.

c.

it feels fun and pleasurable to decide to express one’s sexual allure for others to appreciate.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

63. Self-esteem is most likely to be enhanced after self-sexualization if the woman who is self-sexualizing does which of the following?

a.

embraces her natural self without makeup

b.

receives sexualized attention from men

c.

compares herself to professional models and other celebrities

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

64. Feminist scholars debate whether self-sexualization

a.

is mentally and physically healthy for girls and women.

b.

reflects true autonomous choices rather than the internalization of sexist culture.

c.

empowers women in the eyes of others as well as in their own self-view.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

65. Janise loves to wear short skirts, high heels, and attract attention from men at parties. Based on the available research on women who self-sexualize, which is also most likely true about Janise?

a.

Janise has traditional ideas about gender.

b.

Janise identifies as a feminist who challenges the oppression of girls and women generally.

c.

Janise will feel empowered to clearly negotiate what she wants with men in different areas of her life.

d.

Janise is more focused on the need to empower women as a collective group than on her own personal feelings of empowerment.

66. Feeling comfortable with and in control of one’s own sexuality is known as

a.

sexual agency.

b.

sexual assertiveness.

c.

self-sexualization.

d.

objectification.

67. Which of the following is NOT a potential barrier to women’s sexual assertiveness?

a.

Women may not know what they want, so they don’t know what to ask for.

b.

Women may be more focused on their partners’ sexual needs than their own.

c.

Women who actively asset their own desires deviate from traditional sexual scripts.

d.

None of the answer options is correct; all are potential barriers to sexual assertiveness.

68. Which of the following is an example of sexual assertiveness?

a.

wearing sweatpants with sexually suggestive text written on the backside

b.

suggestively eating an apple

c.

asking one’s partner to kiss her in a different way

d.

wearing a push up bra in public to garner male sexual attention.

69. How has women’s sexual agency been used against women?

a.

Marketing companies brand products as empowerment.

b.

The idea that women should have control over their sexuality is sometimes used to suggest that women do have control over their sexuality, which denies sexual victimization experiences.

c.

Women who speak up about sexual violations are accused of “enjoying the spotlight.”

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

70. How do SlutWalks help to promote sexual agency?

a.

They raise awareness of the sexual double standard.

b.

They allow women to reclaim the term slut and use it on their own terms.

c.

They provide a way for women to come together to protest victim blaming.

d.

All of the answer options are correct.

1. Describe at least three specific ways in which traditional sexual scripts may contribute to women’s decreased physical pleasure during sex with a male partner.

2. Gene and Issa and have been on several dates. They have not kissed or shared any type of sexual intimacy. Gene is curious about Issa’s past and wants to get to know her better. However, when he asks Issa about her sexual history, she is reluctant to tell him. Identify at least two different possible reasons why Issa might feel reluctant to describe her sexual history to Gene.

3. Based on what is known about how parents typically communicate with children about sex and sexuality, offer at least two pieces of specific advice about how and why parents might be especially effective in preparing their child for future sexual relationships.

4. Describe abstinence-only based sex education programs and explain what these programs seem to imply in terms of morality and health. Then, argue AGAINST abstinence-only based sex education by comparing the outcomes associated with this type of educational program in relation to more comprehensive sex education.

5. Gloria is a radical feminist dedicated to social justice. She feels unsure about whether or not she wants her daughter to participate in her daughter’s school-based comprehensive sexual education program. Based on what you know about comprehensive sexual education programs and what is typically included and not included, identify at least two possible concerns that Gloria might have about exposing her daughter to the school-based program.

6. It is common for children to learn to refer to female genitalia in vague, imprecise terms. List some of the common terms that are used, identify at least two potential barriers to children learning anatomically correct terminology, and hypothesize the potential link between the effects of vague, imprecise language on women’s sexual functioning.

7. Summarize the research on casual sex in terms of gender differences in behaviors, perceptions, and/or outcomes. Identify at least two ways in which women and men tend to be similar and two ways in which women and men tend to be different regarding casual sex.

8. Lucy has never had an orgasm but fakes them regularly during sexual encounters with her partner. Based on the available research, explain some of the likely reasons for this behavior, and identify some of the potential consequences of faking orgasm for Lucy and for her relationship.

9. Explain how self-sexualization can be harmful to individual women as well as to the cause of feminism generally.

10. Identify at least three specific barriers to women’s sexual agency based on the traditional sexual script.

Document Information

Document Type:
DOCX
Chapter Number:
7
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 7 Sexuality and Sexualization
Author:
Miriam Liss

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