Chapter 18: Program Evaluation, Evidence-Based Practices, and Future Trends in Corrections

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. ______ is aimed at identifying both complications and accomplishments during the early phases of program development to provide helpful feedback to clinical and administrative staff.

a. Implementation evaluation

b. Research evaluation

c. Compliance analysis

d. Process evaluation

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Implementation Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. ______ traditionally refers to assessment of the effects of the program on clients while they are in the program, making it possible to assess the institution’s intermediary goals.

a. Implementation evaluation

b. Process evaluation

c. Outcome evaluation

d. Process analysis

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Process Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. ______ involves quantitative research aimed at assessing the impact of the program on long-term treatment outcomes.

a. Implementation evaluation

b. Process evaluation

c. Outcome evaluation

d. Process analysis

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Outcome Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. ______ is when an agency’s evaluative process allows for an outside person (whether an auditor, an evaluator, or the public at large) to have full view of the agency’s operations, budgeting, policies, procedures, and outcomes. In transparent agencies there are no secrets, and confidential information is only authorized when ethical or legal requirements mandate that the information not be transparent.

a. Process transparency

b. Political transparency

c. Research Analysis

d. Evaluative transparency

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Program Quality and Staffing Quality

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Learning organizations have the inherent ability to adapt and change, improving performance through continual revision of ______.

a. goals

b. objectives

c. policies

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Feedback Loops and Continual Improvement

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Process evaluation involve all of the following except ______.

a. type and amount of services provided

b. number of offenders who are screened, admitted, reviewed, and discharged

c. percentage of offenders who are convicted sexual offenders

d. percentage of offenders who favorably complete treatment each month

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Process Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. There are three basic types of evaluation. Which of the following is not one of the basic types?

a. implementation

b. process

c. outcome

d. formula

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Evaluation Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Agency personnel, the community in which the agency is located, and the offender population are examples of ______ in corrections evaluations.

a. transparencies

b. stakeholders

c. simplicities

d. evidence-based practices

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Feedback Loops and Continual Improvement

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Agencies that seek to meet high ethical standards must ______.

a. keep some information confidential

b. be transparent

c. keep their workings secret

d. not seek outside perspectives or assistance

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures. | 18.2 Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Program Quality and Staffing Quality

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. A(n) ______ is a governing principle pertaining to goals, objectives, and/or activities.

a. objective

b. goal

c. activity

d. policy

Objective: KEY: Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

| 18.2 Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Treatment programs that screen clients at intake, complete placement assessments, and provide counseling to clients are fulfilling a(n) ______.

a. activity

b. policy

c. objective

d. goal

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. A treatment program that expects to change offender attitudes is seeking a(n) ______.

a. policy

b. activity

c. objective

d. goal

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. ______ is/are the top priority for correctional agencies.

a. Public and institutional safety and security

b. Offender rehabilitation

c. Offender punishment

d. Specific and general deterrence

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Community Harm With Ineffective Programs, Separating Politics From Science in the Evaluative Process

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Evidence-based practices imply three principles. Which principle does evidence-based practice not imply?

a. One outcome is desired over others.

b. It is measurable.

c. It is defined according to practical realities.

d. It is defined according to value-oriented standards.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Practice

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. This type of evaluation refers to assessment of the effects of the program on clients while they are in the program.

a. implementation evaluation

b. process evaluation

c. outcome evaluation

d. formula evaluation

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Process Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Which type of evaluation requires that the program be fully implemented before the evaluation can begin?

a. implementation

b. process

c. outcome

d. formula

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Evaluation Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. ______ are more expensive than other forms of evaluation.

a. Implementation evaluations

b. Process evaluations

c. Outcome evaluations

d. Formula evaluations

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Evaluation Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. The author recommends that community supervision be automatically implemented when an inmate reaches the age of 60 years old, unless the offender is a ______.

a. violent offender

b. property offender

c. drug offender

d. child molester or pedophile

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections. | 18.3 Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Processing of Geriatric Offenders Will Be Shifted to Community Supervision Schemes

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Agencies that are adept at implementing evaluative information and recommendations are sometimes referred to as ______.

a. employment services

b. stakeholders

c. learning organizations

d. self-improvement programs

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Feedback Loops and Continual Improvements

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. ______ is when an agency’s evaluative process allows for an outside person to have full view of the agency’s operations, budgeting, policies, procedures, and outcomes.

a. Evaluative transparency

b. Outcome evaluations

c. Evaluative ambiguity

d. Assessment outcomes

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Program Quality and Staffing Quality

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Which is not a commonly used outcome measure for reentry program performance?

a. rearrest rates

b. employment services received

c. proportion employed

d. rates of drug relapse

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Commonly Used Measures of Reentry Program Performance

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. The highest-quality research support depicted in this chapter (the ______ level) reflects interventions and practices that have been evaluated with experimental/control design and with multiple site replications that concluded significant sustained reductions in recidivism were associated with the intervention.

a. gold

b. silver

c. bronze

d. iron

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Research Evaluation for Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Practice

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Evaluation research, which shows that a program has inconclusive support regarding its efficacy, falls in the ______ level of the Research Support Pyramid for Evidence-Based Practice Implementation.

a. silver

b. iron

c. bronze

d. dirt

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Research Evaluation for Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Practice

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. A(n) ______ is a governing principle pertaining to goals, objectives, and/or activities. It is a decision on an issue not resolved on the basis of facts and logic only. For example, the policy of expediting drug cases in the courts might be adopted as a basis for reducing the average number of days from arraignment to disposition.

a. evaluation

b. outcome

c. outlook

d. policy

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives?

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. What are services or functions carried out by a program (i.e., what the program does) refer to?

a. policy

b. activities

c. goals

d. evaluation

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives?

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. ______ is a desired state of affairs that outlines the ultimate purpose of a program. This is the end toward which program efforts are directed.

a. Goal

b. Activity

c. Policy

d. Evaluation

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives?

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. What are specific results or effects of a program’s activities that must be achieved in pursuing the program’s ultimate goals called?

a. policies

b. outcome

c. reviews

d. objectives

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives?

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. The use of ______ operations in corrections carries some degree of controversy. This is largely because some people have a moralistic opposition to the idea that money might be made off the misery of others.

a. public

b. privatized

c. nationalized

d. globalized

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization in Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. The ______ effect, in which social and behavioral researchers’ interactions with and observation of subjects being studied affect the subjects’ behavior.

a. Butterfly

b. Hawthorne

c. Hawkins

d. Martinson

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Challenges of Conducting Research in Prisons

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. The recommendation here is that community supervision be automatically implemented when an inmate reaches the age of ______ years old, unless he or she is a pedophile.

a. 30

b. 50

c. 35

d. 60

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Processing of Geriatric Offenders Will Be Shifted to Community Supervision Schemes

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. ______ correctional systems have had more legal problems related to the constitutionality of their operations than private systems.

a. State

b. Local

c. City

d. County

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Privatization in Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. When agencies seek ______, they are making strides to enhance their reputation and to make a public statement that demonstrates their integrity.

a. media attention

b. private funding

c. public funding

d. accreditation

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Standards and Accreditation

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. A goal is a desired state of affairs that outlines the ultimate ______ of a program. This is the end toward which program efforts are directed.

a. purpose

b. activity

c. policy

d. evaluation

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives?

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. The recommendation here is that ______ be automatically implemented when an inmate reaches the age of 60 years old, unless he or she is a pedophile.

a. community supervision

b. capital punishment

c. incarceration

d. probation

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Processing of Geriatric Offenders Will Be Shifted to Community Supervision Schemes

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. State correctional systems have ______ legal problems related to the constitutionality of their operations than private systems.

a. more

b. less

c. equivalent

d. equal

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Privatization in Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. ______ are services or functions carried out by a program (i.e., what the program does).

a. Policy

b. Activities

c. Goals

d. Evaluation

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives?

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. What is an agency’s evaluative process that allows for an outside person (whether an auditor, an evaluator, or the public at large) to have full view of the agency’s operations, budgeting, policies, procedures, and outcomes. In transparent agencies, there are no secrets, and confidential information is only authorized when ethical or legal requirements mandate that the information not be transparent.

a. process transparency

b. political transparency

c. research analysis

d. evaluative transparency

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Program Quality and Staffing Quality

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. General goals must be translated into ______ outcomes.

a. noticeable

b. localized

c. nationalized

d. measurable

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evaluation Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. ______ refers to assessment of the effects of the program on clients while they are in the program.

a. Implementation evaluation

b. Process evaluation

c. Outcome evaluation

d. Formula evaluation

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Process Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. ______ programs that screen clients at intake, complete placement assessments, and provide counseling to clients are fulfilling an activity.

a. Renewal

b. Treatment

c. Objective

d. Goal

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. General goals must be translated into measurable outcomes.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evaluation Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Implementation evaluation is aimed at identifying problems and accomplishments during the early phases of program development.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Implementation Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Increasingly, technology has become less reliable in the field of corrections.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Future of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. State correctional systems have had more legal problems related to the constitutionality of their operations than private systems.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections. | 18.3 Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization in Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Implementation evaluations are the most expensive form of evaluation.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Evaluation Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Media effects are an unimportant consideration in corrections.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Official News Sources, Social Media, and Correctional Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Research and evaluation is a critical dimension of correctional programs.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Evaluation Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. The goals of Hawaii’s Opportunity Probation with Enforcement (HOPE) program are completely aligned with classical criminology’s emphasis on rational choice and deterrence.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Tenets of Classical Criminology and the HOPE Program: A Swift and Certain Process for Probationers

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Prisoners are regarded as a vulnerable population for research study purposes.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures. | 18.2 Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Challenges of Conducting Research in Prisons

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. How the media report specific incidents can affect public perceptions of prison or community supervision programs.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Official News Sources, Social Media, and Correctional Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The costs associated with the elderly inmate are exponentially higher than those associated with the average inmate.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Processing of Geriatric Offenders Will Be Shifted to Community Supervision Schemes

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Offender populations are likely to become much less complicated in the future.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: An Emphasis on Cultural Competence Will Continue to Be Important

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Stakeholders in corrections evaluations include the agency personnel, the community in which the agency is located, and even the offender population that is being supervised.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Feedback Loops and Continual Improvement

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Retribution organizations have the inherent ability to adapt and change, improving performance through continual revision of goals, objectives, policies, and procedures.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Feedback Loops and Continual Improvement

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The use of globalized operations in corrections carries some degree of controversy. This is largely because some people have a moralistic opposition to the idea that money might be made off the misery of others.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization in Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Evaluation research, which shows that a program has inconclusive support regarding its efficacy, falls in the iron level of the research support pyramid for evidence-based practice implementation.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Research Evaluation for Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Practice

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Objectives are specific results or effects of a program’s activities that must be achieved in pursuing the program’s ultimate goals.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Are Policies, Activities, Goals, and Objectives?

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Formula evaluation refers to assessment of the effects of the program on clients while they are in the program.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Process Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Correctional objectives involve that an agency’s evaluative process allows for an outside person (whether an auditor, an evaluator, or the public at large) to have full view of the agency’s operations, budgeting, policies, procedures, and outcomes. In transparent agencies, there are no secrets, and confidential information is only authorized when ethical or legal requirements mandate that the information not be transparent.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Program Quality and Staffing Quality

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Outcome evaluations involve quantitative research aimed at assessing the impact of the program on long-term treatment outcomes.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Outcome Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Articulated goals not only help crystallize the agency’s philosophical orientation on the supervision process but also provide for more measurable constructs that lend themselves to effective evaluation.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Feedback Loops and Continual Improvement

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. The process in which an agency is constantly assessing and evaluating itself is known as the assessment-evaluation cycle.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Community Harm With Ineffective Programs, Separating Politics From Science in the Evaluative Process

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Process analysis traditionally refers to assessment of the effects of the program on clients while they are in the program, making it possible to assess the institution’s intermediary goals.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Process Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. Evidence-based practice (EBP) implies that (1) one outcome is desired over others, (2) the outcome is measurable, and (3) the outcome is defined according to practical realities (e.g., public safety) rather than immeasurable moral or value-oriented standards.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Practice

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Agencies that are adept at implementing evaluative information and recommendations are sometimes referred to as employment services.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Feedback Loops and Continual Improvements

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Private companies must ensure that they stay within budget and operate in an efficient and productive manner; to do otherwise results in a loss of revenue.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Privatization in Corrections

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. How is technology being used in the world of corrections?

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Future of Corrections

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Describe the purpose of evidence-based practices (EBP).

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Evidence-Based Practice

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Discuss the assessment-evaluation cycle.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Community Harm With Ineffective Programs, Separating Politics From Science in the Evaluative Process

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What are the goals of the Hawaii’s Opportunity Probation with Enforcement (HOPE) program?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Tenets of Classical Criminology and the HOPE Program: A Swift and Certain Process for Probationers

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. What is an outcome evaluation?

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Outcome Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Describe what process evaluation involves.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Process Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. What is implementation evaluation aimed at?

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the process of evaluative research and distinguish between process and outcome measures.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Implementation Evaluation

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Discuss several issues associated with privatization of corrections.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Be aware of likely future trends in correctional agencies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Privatization in Corrections

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Explain the assessment-evaluation cycle.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Community Harm With Ineffective Programs, Separating Politics From Science in the Evaluative Process

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Discuss the importance of evaluating staffing quality within correctional agencies.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Program Quality and Staffing Quality

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Identify and explain each level of the National Institute of Justice’s Implementing Evidence-Based Practice in Corrections.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Identify and discuss the use of evidence-based practices in corrections.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Research Evaluation for Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Practice

Difficulty Level: Medium