Chapter 07
Skeletal System
Multiple Choice Questions
1. | Which of the following increase(s) the risk of developing osteoporosis?
A. | low intake of dietary calcium |
B. | lack of physical exercise |
D. | low intake of vitamin D |
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2. | An osteocyte is a ________
B. | cell that breaks down bone. |
C. | bone cell surrounded by matrix. |
E. | nerve cell in the bone. |
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3. | The microscopic bony chambers that house mature bone cells are called ________
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4. | The salts that are abundant in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue consist largely of ________
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True / False Questions
5. | Osteoclasts are large cells that cause the breakdown of osseous tissue.
True False |
Fill in the Blank Questions
6. | ________ are the cells that form bone tissue by depositing bony matrix around themselves.
________________________________________ |
7. | The ___________ is the thin layer of cells that lines the medullary cavity within a long bone.
________________________________________ |
8. | A long bone grows in thickness as bone tissue is deposited beneath its ___________.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
9. | Which of the following is NOT a step in the formation of endochondral bone?
A. | Hyaline cartilage develops into the shape of the future bone. |
B. | Periosteum forms from connective tissue on the outside of the developing bone. |
C. | Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue. |
D. | Osteoblasts deposit osseous tissue in place of disintegrating cartilage. |
E. | Osteoblasts deposit compact bone beneath the periosteum. |
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10. | Bone that develops within sheetlike layers of connective tissue is called ________
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11. | Red bone marrow functions in the formation of ________
C. | white blood cells only. |
D. | red and white blood cells only. |
E. | red and white blood cells and platelets. |
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12. | The cells responsible for removing excess bone tissue after the fracture repair process are _______
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True / False Questions
13. | Vitamin D is needed for the proper absorption of calcium in the small intestine.
True False |
Fill in the Blank Questions
14. | __________ is the process of blood cell formation.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
15. | Which of the following bones is NOT included within the lower limb?
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16. | Which of the following is NOT included in the appendicular skeleton?
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17. | Which of the following is included in the pectoral girdle?
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True / False Questions
18. | The appendicular skeleton consists of the parts that support and protect the head, neck, and trunk.
True False |
Multiple Choice Questions
19. | The zygomatic arch is composed of processes of the _______
A. | zygomatic and temporal bones. |
B. | zygomatic and maxilla bones. |
C. | maxilla and temporal bones. |
D. | temporal and parietal bones. |
E. | zygomatic and sphenoid bones. |
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20. | Which of the following is part of the facial skeleton?
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21. | A cleft palate results from incomplete development of the _______
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True / False Questions
22. | The parietal bones meet the frontal bone along the sagittal suture.
True False |
23. | The importance of fontanels in the infant's skull is to permit some movement of bones, thereby enabling the infant to pass more easily through the birth canal.
True False |
Multiple Choice Questions
24. | Cervical vertebrae can be distinguished from other types by the presence of
C. | articulating processes. |
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Fill in the Blank Questions
25. | The cartilaginous structures that separate the vertebrae are called __________.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
26. | Which of the following bones has an acromion process?
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True / False Questions
27. | The humerus has an olecranon fossa.
True False |
Fill in the Blank Questions
28. | The bones of the wrist together form the __________.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
29. | A hip bone includes a (an) _______
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True / False Questions
30. | The tarsal bones form the wrist.
True False |
Multiple Choice Questions
31. | The joints between the vertebrae of the backbone are best described as _______
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32. | The degenerative joint disease osteoarthritis may develop as a result of damage to the _______
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True / False Questions
33. | A meniscus functions to cushion articulating surfaces of bones.
True False |
34. | Synovial fluid moistens and lubricates the cartilaginous surfaces within a joint.
True False |
35. | The hip joint is a pivot joint.
True False |
Fill in the Blank Questions
36. | The movement of a limb away from the midline is ________.
________________________________________ |
37. | The joint created by the two pubic bones is the __________.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
38. | A bone includes _______
C. | dense connective tissue. |
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39. | Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?
A. | to protect soft tissues |
B. | to house blood-producing cells |
C. | to provide nervous communication from bone to muscle |
D. | to store inorganic salts |
E. | to provide points of attachment for muscles |
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40. | The zygomatic bone is an example of a (an) _______
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41. | Articular cartilage is _______
D. | found only in the knees and elbows. |
E. | located on the diaphysis of long bones. |
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42. | The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that _______
C. | the bone is increasing in diameter. |
D. | the bone is lengthening. |
E. | the bone is no longer lengthening. |
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43. | Sinuses are found within all of the following bones except the _______
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True / False Questions
44. | Most people have 24 ribs.
True False |
Fill in the Blank Questions
45. | The xiphoid process is part of the ________.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
46. | Which of the following describes the female pelvis compared to that of the male?
A. | The distance between the female ischial tuberosities is less. |
B. | The distance between the female ischial spines is greater. |
C. | The female iliac bones are less flared. |
D. | The female pelvic cavity is narrower. |
E. | The female coccyx is less movable. |
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47. | The femur _______
A. | is the longest bone in the body. |
B. | extends from the hip to the knee. |
C. | has a large rounded head. |
D. | articulates with the patella. |
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48. | Which of the following terms and descriptions is correctly paired?
A. | extension—bending the leg at the knee or decreasing the angle between the femur and tibia |
B. | adduction—lifting the upper limb horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body or moving a part away from the midline |
C. | pronation—turning the hand so the palm is downward or facing posteriorly (in anatomical position) |
D. | retraction—moving a part forward or thrusting the head forward |
E. | elevation—lowering a part or drooping the shoulders |
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49. | Bones are classified according to their shape. Which of the following is an example of a long bone?
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50. | Which is not a function of bones?
A. | Provide points of attachment for muscles |
C. | Support and protect softer tissues |
E. | House blood producing cells |
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51. | The region of the long bone located between the epiphyses is the ________.
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52. | The marrow-filled space in the diaphysis of a long bone is the __________.
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53. | What is the name of the numerous branching bony plates located in spongy bone?
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54. | Osteocytes exchange substances with nearby cells by means of cellular processes passing through ________.
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55. | What is (are) the function(s) of collagen in bone?
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56. | Osteocytes and layers of extracellular matrix, which are concentrically clustered around a central canal, for a cylinder-shaped unit are called __________.
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57. | Which of the following bony tunnels contain blood vessels and nerves?
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58. | What is the band of cartilage found in the epiphyses of long bones?
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59. | Which of the following factors influence bone development, growth and repair?
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60. | Which type of bone originates from hyaline cartilage models?
C. | flat bones of the skull |
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61. | Which of the following types of cells are the least specialized?
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62. | The region where blood vessels and osteoblasts invade the disintegrating cartilage model at the end of a long bone is called ________.
A. | a primary ossification center |
D. | a secondary ossification center |
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63. | What type of cell breaks down the calcified extracellular matrix in developing bones?
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64. | Damage to what part of a bone can cause it to prematurely stop elongating?
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65. | Which of the following is a factor that influences bone development?
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66. | Which bones, or set of bones, support the body's weight?
A. | the bones of the lower limbs |
C. | the bones of the upper limbs |
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67. | Which of the following is NOT a basic component of a lever?
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68. | When the upper limb straightens at the elbow, the elbow joint represents which part of the lever?
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69. | When the upper limb straightens at the elbow, the triceps brachii represents which part of the lever?
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70. | In which extraembryonic membrane does hematopoiesis occur?
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71. | Where are blood cells manufactured in adults?
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72. | Which of the following is NOT a function of red marrow?
B. | formation of red blood cells |
C. | formation of white blood cells |
D. | formation of platelets |
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73. | What bone articulates with the tibia, patella and coxal bones?
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74. | What bone articulates with the humerus and carpal bones?
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75. | Which of the following can accumulate in bones and has the potential to be harmful?
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76. | Which of the following is NOT part of the axial skeleton?
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77. | The thoracic cage includes which of the following?
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78. | Which of the following is NOT a bone found on a lower limb?
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79. | The rounded process of a bone that usually articulates with another bone is called a(n) __________.
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80. | An opening through a bone that is usually a passageway for blood vessels, nerves or ligaments is called a _______.
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81. | A small knob-like feature on a bone is called a ________.
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82. | How many tarsal bones are contained in each lower limb?
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83. | How many carpal bones are contained in each upper limb?
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84. | How many bones make up the human skull?
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85. | What type of joint is immovable?
C. | ball and socket joints |
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86. | Which bone forms the anterior portion of the skull above the eyes?
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87. | Which bone contains the ear canal?
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88. | What two bones fuse to form the sagittal suture?
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89. | Which bones contain depressions called the mandibular fossae?
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90. | The parietal bones and frontal bone join at which suture?
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91. | The temporal bone and the parietal bone are joined by which suture?
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92. | Which bones fuse to form the lambdoid suture?
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93. | Which tissue makes up the Should this be “intervertebral” discs?
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94. | The part of a vertebral bone that supports the human body's weight is the ________ .
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True / False Questions
95. | Intervertebral foramina combine to form the vertebral or spinal canal.
True False |
Multiple Choice Questions
96. | The spinous processes of these vertebrae may be bifid, or forked.
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97. | This type of vertebral bone articulates with a rib.
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Fill in the Blank Questions
98. | There are ______ cervical vertebrae.
________________________________________ |
99. | There are ______ thoracic vertebrae.
________________________________________ |
100. | There are ______ lumbar vertebrae.
________________________________________ |
101. | There are ______ sacral vertebrae that are fused.
________________________________________ |
102. | There are ______ coccygeal vertebrae that may or may not be fused.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
103. | Ribs that attach ventrally to the sternum are _______.
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104. | Ribs that attach ventrally to cartilages of the thoracic cage are _______.
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105. | Ribs that have no ventral articulation are _______.
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106. | The anatomical name for the collarbone is the ___________.
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Fill in the Blank Questions
107. | The __________ process forms the superior and lateral tip of the shoulder blade.
________________________________________ |
Multiple Choice Questions
108. | This bone contains greater and lesser tubercles, the olecranon fossa, and the deltoid tuberosity.
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109. | This pelvic bone supports the weight of the body when sitting.
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