Religion, Spirituality, And + Exam Questions Ch.22

Chapter 22. Religion, Spirituality, and Culture-Oriented Counseling

1. In surveys, __________ of Americans report that they believe in God.

a. 86%

b. 72%

c. 60%

d. 52%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Religion, Spirituality, and Culture-Oriented Counseling

Question type: MC

2. The __________ dimension of spirituality includes a connection to self as well as to others and nature.

a. Vertical

b. Horizontal

c. Positive

d. Negative

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

3. ____________acknowledged the importance of spirituality as a component of wholeness and necessary for healing from alcohol addiction.

a. Sigmund Freud

b. Carl Jung

c. B. F. Skinner

d. Albert Ellis

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

4. _____________more readily identify with a religion than with a political party.

a. African Americans

b. Asian Americans

c. Latino Americans

d. Indigenous Americans

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Culture-Specific Perspectives

Question type: MC

5. _____________ is the predominant religion among Latin Americans.

a. Baptist tradition

b. Catholicism

c. Methodism

d. Anglicanism

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Culture-Specific Perspectives

Question type: MC

6. The predominant Western metaphor for spiritual development is that of

a. The journey

b. Suffering

c. A race

d. A dance

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Gender Perspectives

Question type: MC

7. The largest ___________college and university student organizations are religious.

a. African Americans

b. Asian Americans

c. Latino Americans

d. Indigenous Americans

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Culture-Specific Perspectives

Question type: MC

8. In surveys, ________ indicate that religion is very important in their lives.

a. 14%

b. 26%

c. 48%

d. 55%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Religion, Spirituality, and Culture-Oriented Counseling

Question type: MC

9. _________ is the world’s fifth-largest organized religion.

a. Islam

b. Hinduism

c. Sikhism

d. Buddhism

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Culture-Specific Perspectives

Question type: MC

10. Most women’s spiritual development takes place within ________cultural and religious systems.

a. Patriarchal

b. Matriarchal

c. Feminist

d. Liberal

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Culture-Specific Perspectives

Question type: MC

11. Mental health professionals tend to be

a. More religious than clients

b. Less religious than clients

c. Just as religious as clients

d. Not religious at all

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Religion, Spirituality, and Culture-Oriented Counseling

Question type: MC

12. ____________ believe in a genderless, formless, immortal, loving, and omnipotent God and embrace the concept of unity and equality of humanity.

a. Muslims

b. Hindus

c. Sikhs

d. Christians

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Culture-Specific Perspectives

Question type: MC

13. Approximately ______________ Sikhs are currently living in the United States.

a. 300,000

b. 400,000

c. 500,000

d. 600,000

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Culture-Specific Perspectives

Question type: MC

14. ___________ is seen as an innate need to connect to something larger, something that may be felt as divine, sacred, and out of the ordinary.

a. Meditation

b. Religion

c. Spirituality

d. Prayer

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

15. Muslims believe that ___________was the last messenger of God

a. Moses

b. Abraham

c. the Prophet Muhammad

d. Isaac

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Universal Perspectives

Question type: MC

16. The following psychologists found little use for religion EXCEPT

a. Sigmund Freud

b. Carl Jung

c. B. F. Skinner

d. Albert Ellis

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

17. From a historical perspective, counseling has had ____________ relationship with spirituality and religion.

a. A cozy

b. An uneasy

c. Complementary

d. Complimentary

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

18. The _______ dimension of spirituality connects people with transcendence or something “beyond self.”

a. Vertical

b. Horizontal

c. Positive

d. Negative

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

19. The following are monotheistic religions EXCEPT

a. Islam

b. Judaism

c. Hinduism

d. Christianity

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

20. Which of the following most accurately depicts the religious practices and values continuum?

a. On the right are fundamentalist; in the middle are moderates; and on the left are progressive.

b. On the right are progressive; in the middle are moderates; and on the left are fundamentalist

c. On the right are progressive; in the middle are fundamentalist; and on the left are moderates

d. On the right are moderates; in the middle are progressive; and on the left are fundamentalist

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Overview

Question type: MC

21. Spirituality and religion are particularly relevant in cross- cultural counseling because they are embedded in culture and cultural worldviews.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Religion, Spirituality, and Culture-Oriented Counseling

Question type: TF

22. As psychology embraced the scientific method as its foundation, religious and spiritual beliefs were marginalized or considered to be delusions or symptoms of mental illness.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Overview

Question type: TF

23. Spirituality and religion are associated with disease, healing, and health.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Religion, Spirituality, and Culture-Oriented Counseling

Question type: TF

24. Due to the increasing recognition of religion and spirituality and their impact on clients’ lives, psychologists are no longer reluctant to introduce these topics in therapy.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Overview

Question type: TF

25. Anglo-European Christian values permeate the dominant culture of the United States.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Overview

Question type: TF

26. Although some people consider themselves to be spiritual without being religious, by definition, religion encompasses spirituality because spirituality is its most central function.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Overview

Question type: TF

27. The concept of God taken from world religions’ perspectives is that God is personal and impersonal.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Universal Perspectives

Question type: TF

28. From a Western perspective, God is known as the Impersonal Divine.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Universal Perspectives

Question type: TF

29. Many definitions of spirituality include both vertical and horizontal dimensions.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Overview

Question type: TF

30. In the Eastern traditions, God is nondual in nature.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Universal Perspectives

Question type: TF

31. Define the term spirituality.

a. Spirituality is a commitment to choose, as the primary context for understanding and acting, one’s relatedness with all that is. Within this commitment, one attempts to stay focused on relationships between oneself and other people, the physical environment, one’s heritage and traditions, one’s body, one’s ancestors, saints, Higher Power, or God. It places relationships at the center of awareness, whether they be interpersonal relationships with the world or other people, or interpersonal relationships with God or other nonmaterial beings

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Overview

Question type: ESS

32. Define the term religion.

a. Religion has been defined as “the means and methods (e.g., rituals or prescribed behaviors) of the search [for the sacred] that receive validation and support from within an identifiable group of people” (Hill et al., 2000, p. 66).

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Overview

Question type: SA

33. Explain the term nondual.

a. Nondual refers to the unity or completeness of reality despite differences or polarities. A spiritual goal is to merge the individual into the Impersonal Divine, and this is accomplished through spiritual practices such as meditation, yoga, and service. As the individual becomes aware of normal human conditioning and develops an observer self, a connection with his or her nondual nature or unity becomes possible.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Universal Perspectives

Question type: SA