nan nan Test Questions & Answers

Business Driven Technology, 8e (Baltzan)

Plug-In B03 Hardware and Software Basics

1) Volatility is a protected memory space created by the CPU allowing the computer to create virtual machines.

2) Complex instruction set computer chips limit the number of instructions the CPU can execute to increase processing speed.

3) A computer is an electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept, manipulate, and store data.

4) The central processing unit (CPU) (or microprocessor) is the actual hardware that interprets and executes the program (software) instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work together.

5) The arithmetic-logic unit includes instructions and literally tells the other hardware devices what to do, based on the software instructions.

6) The control unit performs all arithmetic operations (for example, addition and subtraction) and all logic operations.

7) Gigahertz is the number of millions of CPU cycles per second.

8) Megahertz is the number of billions of CPU cycles per second.

9) Complex instruction set computer (CISC) chips is a type of CPU that can recognize as many as 100 or more instructions, enough to carry out most computations directly.

10) Complex instruction set computer chips limit the number of instructions the CPU can execute to increase processing speed.

11) Primary storage is the computer's main memory, which consists of the random access memory (RAM), cache memory, and read-only memory (ROM) that is directly accessible to the CPU.

12) Random access memory (RAM) is the computer's primary working memory, in which program instructions and data are stored so that they can be accessed directly by the CPU via the processor's high-speed external data bus.

13) Volatility refers to a device's ability to function with or without power. RAM is volatile, meaning it must have constant power to function; its contents are lost when the computer's electric supply fails.

14) Cache memory is a small unit of ultra-fast memory that is used to store recently accessed or frequently accessed data so that the CPU does not have to retrieve this data from slower memory circuits such as RAM.

15) Random access memory is the portion of a computer's primary storage that does not lose its contents when one switches off the power.

16) ROM is nonvolatile, meaning it does not require constant power to function. ROM contains essential system programs that neither the user nor the computer can erase. Since the computer's internal memory is blank during start-up, the computer cannot perform any functions unless given start-up instructions.

17) Flash memory is a special type of rewritable read-only memory (ROM) that is compact and portable.

18) Memory cards contain high-capacity storage that holds data such as captured images, music, or text files.

19) Memory sticks provide nonvolatile memory for a range of portable devices including computers, digital cameras, MP3 players, and PDAs.

20) Secondary storage consists of equipment designed to store large volumes of data for long-term storage.

21) A megabyte (MB or M or Meg) is roughly 1 million bytes.

22) Magnetic medium is a secondary storage medium that uses magnetic techniques to store and retrieve data on disks or tapes coated with magnetically sensitive materials.

23) Memory stick is an older secondary storage medium that uses a strip of thin plastic coated with a magnetically sensitive recording medium.

24) A hard drive is a secondary storage medium that uses several rigid disks coated with a magnetically sensitive material and housed together with the recording heads in a hermetically sealed mechanism.

25) An input device is equipment used to capture information and commands.

26) Adaptive computer devices are input devices designed for special applications for use by people with different types of special needs.

27) An input device is equipment used to see, hear, or otherwise accept the results of information processing requests.

28) A tablet is a pen-based computer that provides the screen capabilities of a PDA with the functional capabilities of a laptop or desktop computer.

29) An appliance is a computer dedicated to a single function, such as a calculator or computer game.

30) A desktop computer is an electronic book that can be read on a computer or special reading device. Some are small enough to carry around, while others are the size of a telephone booth.

31) A workstation is a cellular telephone with a keypad that runs programs, music, photos, email, and includes many features of a PDA.

32) Personal digital assistant (PDA) is a small handheld computer that performs simple tasks such as taking notes, scheduling appointments, and maintaining an address book and a calendar. The PDA screen is touch-sensitive, allowing a user to write directly on the screen, capturing what is written.

33) A handheld computer portable enough to fit in a purse or pocket and has its own power source or battery.

34) A desktop computer portable enough to fit on a lap or in a bag and has its own power source or battery.

35) A tablet computer has a flat screen that uses a mouse or fingertip for input instead of a keyboard. Similar to PDAs, tablet PCs use a writing pen or stylus to write notes on the screen and touch the screen to perform functions such as clicking on a link while visiting a website.

36) A personal computer is a computer that is operated by a single user who can customize the functions to match personal preferences.

37) A desktop computer sits on, next to, or under a user's desk and is too large to carry around. The computer box is where the CPU, RAM, and storage devices are held with a monitor on top, or a vertical system box (called a tower) usually placed on the floor within a work area.

38) A workstation computer is similar to a desktop but has more powerful mathematical and graphics processing capabilities and can perform more complicated tasks in less time.

39) A minicomputer is designed to meet the computing needs of several people simultaneously in a small to medium-size business environment.

40) A common type of minicomputer is a server and is used for managing internal company applications, networks, and websites.

41) A mainframe computer is designed to meet the computing needs of hundreds of people in a large business environment. Mainframe computers are a step up in size, power, capability, and cost from minicomputers.

42) A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive type of computer. Organizations such as NASA that are heavily involved in research and number crunching employ supercomputers because of the speed with which they can process information. Other large, customer-oriented businesses such as General Motors and AT&T employ supercomputers just to handle customer information and transaction processing.

43) Utility software provides additional functionality to the operating system.

44) Disk optimization software helps save information if a computer crashes.

45) System software controls how the various technology tools work together along with the application software. System software includes both operating system software and utility software.

46) Operating system software controls the application software and manages how the hardware devices work together. When using Excel to create and print a graph, the operating system software controls the process, ensures that a printer is attached and has paper, and sends the graph to the printer along with instructions on how to print it. Some computers are configured with two operating systems so they can dual boot—provide the user with the option of choosing the operating system when the computer is turned on.

47) Application software is used in computer appliances and special-purpose applications, such as an automobile, ATM, or media player and is used for a single purpose.

48) An iPod has a single-purpose embedded operating system.

49) Application software also supports a variety of useful features, one of which is multitasking.

50) Multitasking allows more than one piece of software to be used at a time. Multitasking is used when creating a graph in Excel and simultaneously printing a word processing document.

51) Utility software provides additional functionality to the operating system. Utility software includes antivirus software, screen savers, and anti-spam software.

52) Utility systems are customized by using the control panel, which is a Windows feature that provides options that set default values for the Windows operating system.

53) Safe mode occurs if the system is failing and will load only the most essential parts of the operating system and will not run many of the background operating utilities.

54) System restore enables a user to return to the previous operating system.

55) Crash-proof software helps save information if a computer crashes.

56) Disk image is software for data recovery and relieves the burden of reinstalling applications if a hard drive crashes or becomes irretrievably corrupted.

57) A disk image organizes information on a hard disk in the most efficient way.

58) Encrypt data protects confidential information from unauthorized eyes.

59) File and data recovery software retrieves accidental deletion of photos or documents.

60) Preventative security software uses programs such as Window Washer, erases file histories, browser cookies, cache contents, and other crumbs that applications and Windows leave on a hard drive.

61) Spyware is any software that employs a user's Internet connection in the background without the user's knowledge or explicit permission.

62) Spyware can remove software that is no longer needed.

63) Personal information management (PIM) software handles contact information, appointments, task lists, and email.

64) Personal information management software contains course information such as a syllabus and assignments and offers drop boxes for quizzes and homework along with a grade book.

65) Course management software occurs when the software vendor releases updates to software to fix problems or enhance features.

66) Software upgrade occurs when the software vendor releases a new version of the software making significant changes to the program.

67) A single user license restricts the use of the software to one user at a time.

68) A network user license enables anyone on the network to install and use the software.

69) A site license enables any qualified users within the organization to install the software, regardless if the computer is on a network. Some employees might install the software on a home computer for working remotely.

70) Application service provider licenses specialty software paid for on a license basis or per-use basis or usage-based licensing.

71) Communication turns a computer into a terminal for transmitting data to and receiving data from distant computers through the telephone system.

72) Desktop publishing transforms a computer into a desktop publishing workstation. Leading packages include Adobe Framemaker and QuarkXpress.

73) Email provides email services for computer users, including receiving mail, sending mail, and storing messages. Leading email software includes Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft Outlook Express, and Eudora.

74) Desktop publishing increases the cooperation and joint productivity of small groups of co-workers.

75) Presentation graphics create and enhance charts and graphs so that they are visually appealing and easily understood by an audience.

76) Presentation graphics packages such as Microsoft PowerPoint include facilities for making a wide variety of charts and graphs and for adding titles, legends, and explanatory text anywhere in the chart or graph.

77) What is software?

A) Any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization

B) The set of instructions that the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks

C) Consists of the physical devices associated with a computer system

D) An electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept, manipulate, and store data

78) What is hardware?

A) Any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization

B) The set of instructions that the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks

C) Consists of the physical devices associated with a computer system

D) An electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept, manipulate, and store data

79) What is a CPU?

A) The actual hardware that interprets and executes the program (software) instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work together

B) The computer's main memory, which consists of the random access memory (RAM), cache memory, and the read-only memory (ROM) that is directly accessible to the central processing unit (CPU)

C) Equipment designed to store large volumes of data for long-term storage

D) Equipment used to capture information and commands

80) What is the arithmetic logic unit?

A) The actual hardware that interprets and executes the program (software) instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work together

B) Interprets software instructions and literally tells the other hardware devices what to do, based on the software instructions

C) A type of CPU that can recognize as many as 100 or more instructions, enough to carry out most computations directly

D) Performs all arithmetic operations (for example, addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing numbers)

81) What is a complex instruction set computer chip?

A) The actual hardware that interprets and executes the program (software) instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work together

B) Interprets software instructions and literally tells the other hardware devices what to do, based on the software instructions

C) A type of CPU that can recognize as many as 100 or more instructions, enough to carry out most computations directly

D) Performs all arithmetic operations (for example, addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing numbers)

82) Which of the following represents megahertz?

A) The number of millions of CPU cycles per second

B) The number of billions of CPU cycles per second

C) A type of CPU that can recognize as many as 100 or more instructions, enough to carry out most computations directly

D) Limit the number of instructions the CPU can execute to increase processing speed

83) What is the number of bits (0s and 1s) that can be processed by the CPU at any one time?

A) Clock speed

B) Word length

C) Bus width

D) Chip line width

84) What is the size of the internal electrical pathway along which signals are sent from one part of the computer to another?

A) Clock speed

B) Word length

C) Bus width

D) Chip line width

85) What is roughly 1 million bytes?

A) Megabyte

B) Terabyte

C) Kilobyte

D) Gigabyte

86) What is an older secondary storage medium that uses a strip of thin plastic coated with a magnetically sensitive recording medium?

A) Magnetic medium

B) Magnetic tape

C) Hard drive

D) RAM

87) What is a form of a stationary mouse on which the movement of a finger causes the pointer on the screen to move?

A) Microphone

B) Touch pad

C) Pointing stick

D) Touch screen

88) What detects the presence or absence of a mark in a predetermined place (popular for multiple-choice exams)?

A) Magnetic ink character reader

B) Optical-character recognition

C) Optical-mark reader

D) Point-of-sale

89) What is the actual hardware that interprets and executes the program (software) instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work together?

A) CPU

B) Control unit

C) ALU

D) Primary storage

90) What interprets software instructions and literally tells the other hardware devices what to do, based on the software instructions?

A) CPU

B) Control unit

C) ALU

D) Primary storage

91) What performs all arithmetic operations (for example, addition and subtraction) and all logic operations?

A) CPU

B) Control unit

C) ALU

D) Primary storage

92) What is the number of millions of CPU cycles per second?

A) Megahertz

B) Gigahertz

C) CISC

D) RISC

93) What is the number of billions of CPU cycles per second?

A) Megahertz

B) Gigahertz

C) CISC

D) RISC

94) What is a type of CPU that can recognize as many as 100 or more instructions, enough to carry out most computations directly?

A) Megahertz

B) Gigahertz

C) CISC

D) RISC

95) What limits the number of instructions the CPU can execute to increase processing speed?

A) Megahertz

B) Gigahertz

C) CISC

D) RISC

96) What is the computer's main memory, which consists of the random access memory (RAM), cache memory, and read-only memory (ROM) that is directly accessible to the CPU?

A) CPU

B) Control unit

C) Secondary storage

D) Primary storage

97) What is the computer's primary working memory, in which program instructions and data are stored so that they can be accessed directly by the CPU via the processor's high-speed external data bus?

A) RAM

B) ROM

C) Volatility

D) Flash memory

98) What refers to a device's ability to function with or without power?

A) RAM

B) ROM

C) Volatility

D) Flash memory

99) What is a small unit of ultra-fast memory that is used to store recently accessed or frequently accessed data so that the CPU does not have to retrieve this data from slower memory circuits such as RAM?

A) ROM

B) Cache memory

C) Volatility

D) Flash memory

100) What is the portion of a computer's primary storage that does not lose its contents when one switches off the power?

A) RAM

B) ROM

C) Volatility

D) Flash memory

101) What is a special type of rewritable read-only memory (ROM) that is compact and portable?

A) RAM

B) ROM

C) Volatility

D) Flash memory

102) What contain high-capacity storage that holds data such as captured images, music, or text files?

A) RAM

B) Memory stick

C) Memory card

D) Flash memory

103) What provides nonvolatile memory for a range of portable devices including computers, digital cameras, MP3 players, and PDAs?

A) RAM

B) Memory stick

C) Memory card

D) Flash memory

104) What consists of equipment designed to store large volumes of data for long-term storage?

A) Primary storage

B) Secondary storage

C) Memory stick

D) Flash memory

105) What is a secondary storage medium that uses magnetic techniques to store and retrieve data on disks or tapes coated with magnetically sensitive materials?

A) Input device

B) Output device

C) Magnetic tape

D) Magnetic medium

106) What is an older secondary storage medium that uses a strip of thin plastic coated with a magnetically sensitive recording medium?

A) Input device

B) Output device

C) Magnetic tape

D) Magnetic medium

107) What is equipment used to capture information and commands?

A) Input device

B) Output device

C) Magnetic tape

D) Magnetic medium

108) What is an input device designed for special applications for use by people with different types of special needs?

A) Logic unit

B) Output device

C) Adaptive computer devices

D) Magnetic medium devices

109) What is equipment used to see, hear, or otherwise accept the results of information processing requests?

A) Input device

B) Output device

C) Magnetic tape

D) Magnetic medium

110) What is similar to a desktop but has more powerful mathematical and graphics processing capabilities and can perform more complicated tasks in less time?

A) Tablet

B) PDA

C) Workstation

D) Minicomputer

111) What is a computer dedicated to a single function, such as a calculator or computer game?

A) Tablet

B) PDA

C) Appliance

D) Minicomputer

112) What is an electronic book that can be read on a computer or special reading device? Some are small enough to carry around, while others are the size of a telephone booth.

A) Tablet

B) Ebook

C) Appliance

D) Minicomputer

113) What is a cellular telephone with a keypad that runs programs, music, photos, email, and includes many features of a PDA?

A) Tablet

B) PDA

C) Ebook

D) Smartphone

114) What is a small handheld computer that performs simple tasks such as taking notes, scheduling appointments, and maintaining an address book and a calendar?

A) Tablet

B) PDA

C) Ebook

D) Smartphone

115) What is a computer portable enough to fit on a lap or in a bag and has its own power source or battery?

A) Tablet

B) PDA

C) Laptop computer

D) Desktop computer

116) What is a computer that has a flat screen that uses a mouse or fingertip for input instead of a keyboard?

A) Tablet

B) PDA

C) Laptop computer

D) Desktop computer

117) What is a computer that sits on, next to, or under a user's desk and is too large to carry around?

A) Tablet

B) Desktop computer

C) Workstation

D) Minicomputer

118) What is a computer designed to meet the computing needs of several people simultaneously in a small to medium-size business environment?

A) Supercomputer

B) Mainframe computer

C) Workstation computer

D) Minicomputer

119) What is a computer designed to meet the computing needs of hundreds of people in a large business environment?

A) Supercomputer

B) Mainframe computer

C) Workstation computer

D) Minicomputer

120) What computer is the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive type of computer?

A) Supercomputer

B) Mainframe computer

C) Workstation computer

D) Minicomputer

121) What software controls how the various technology tools work together along with the application software?

A) System software

B) Operating system software

C) Embedded operating system

D) Multitasking

122) What software controls the application software and manages how the hardware devices work together?

A) System software

B) Operating system software

C) Embedded operating system

D) Multitasking

123) What system is used in computer appliances and special-purpose applications, such as an automobile, ATM, or media player and is used for a single purpose?

A) System software

B) Operating system software

C) Embedded operating system

D) Multitasking

124) What allows more than one piece of software to be used at a time?

A) System software

B) Operating system software

C) Embedded operating system

D) Multitasking

125) What provides additional functionality to the operating system?

A) System software

B) Operating system software

C) Utility software

D) Multitasking

126) What occurs if the system is failing and will load only the most essential parts of the operating system and will not run many of the background operating utilities?

A) System restore software

B) Safe mode software

C) Crash-proof software

D) Disk image software

127) What enables a user to return to the previous operating system?

A) System restore software

B) Safe mode software

C) Crash-proof software

D) Disk image software

128) What software helps save information if a computer crashes?

A) Disk optimization software

B) Safe mode

C) Crash-proof software

D) Disk image software

129) What is software for data recovery and relieves the burden of reinstalling applications if a hard drive crashes or becomes irretrievably corrupted?

A) Disk optimization software

B) Safe mode software

C) Crash-proof software

D) Disk image software

130) What software organizes information on a hard disk in the most efficient way?

A) Disk optimization software

B) Safe mode software

C) Crash-proof software

D) Disk image software

131) What uses programs such as Window Washer which erases file histories, browser cookies, cache contents, and other crumbs that applications and Windows leave on a hard drive?