Mum Chapter 2 The Critical Approach Test Bank Docx

CHAPTER 2: THE CRITICAL APPROACH

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is an example of what Karl Marx identified as surplus value?
   1. A worker increases her rate of production but does not get a corresponding raise in pay.
   2. A person works a second job because he has additional time in the evenings.
   3. A company is owned by the workers who share equally in any profits the company makes.
   4. An auto mechanic uses his skills in his free time to help his neighbor fix his car.

Answer Location: Globalization and Economics

1. Which of the following envisioned popular culture as something that was administered from above as an instrument of social control?
2. cultural studies
3. the Frankfurt School
4. Karl Marx
5. classical studies

Answer Location: Critiquing the Frankfurt School

1. Which of the following rejected the distinction between high and low culture?
2. cultural studies
3. the Frankfurt School
4. Karl Marx
5. Kurt Lewin

Answer Location: Critiquing the Frankfurt School

1. The term used to describe a great deal of neo-Marxist theory and research based on the ideas of the Frankfurt School is ______.
   1. critical theory
   2. economic determinism
   3. semiotics
   4. social constructionism

Answer Location: The Institute for Social Research (the Frankfurt School)

1. Common sense thinking can often reflect ______.
2. restraint limited world views
3. argumentativeness and lack of compromise
4. purposeful thought
5. tradition and reproduction of the status quo

Answer Location: Understanding Theory in the Critical Analysis of Organizational Communication

1. Karl Marx did not celebrate capitalism because of the exploitive nature. The ______ economic system or mode of ownership was free from exploitation.
2. ancient
3. feudal
4. tribal
5. capitalist

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. The $1 billion Facebook paid to acquire Instagram in 2012 was based on Instagram’s ______.
2. common value
3. exchange value
4. surplus value
5. use value

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. Nintendogs is a Nintendo game in which you take care of, train, and bond with an adorable (virtual) puppy. The availability of everything, including virtual puppy ownership, to be bought and sold is a property of capitalism called ______.
2. commodification
3. corporatization
4. hegemony
5. materialism

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. The “Cult of Domemesticity” was ______.
2. a movement to stop the domestication of women
3. rooted in the ideas of service, purity, and piety
4. emerged as part of the fight for voting rights
5. allowed women to go to special women-only colleges

Answer Location: Understanding Theory in the Critical Analysis of Organizational Communication

1. The ability to question common sense assumptions about the world is done through the development of ______.
2. historical belief systems
3. social change exercises
4. sympathetic expressions in male-dominated world
5. critical communication capacities

Answer Location: Understanding Theory in the Critical Analysis of Organizational Communication

1. The Feudal system was characterized by agricultural production, aristocratic ownership, and ______.
2. little division of labor
3. enclosure laws that privatized land
4. a hunter-gatherer system of production
5. a class system consisting of serfs

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. Frankfurt School members were most concerned about the growing dominance of which type of reasoning?
2. emotional
3. instrumental
4. progressive
5. reflective

Answer Location: Critical Theory and the Critique of Enlightenment Thought

1. McDonaldization, the term used to describe the proliferation of prepackaged, instant, easily consumable products and lifestyles, would be associated most closely with which one of the following concepts?
2. the cultural studies’ systems of representation
3. the Frankfurt School’s culture industry
4. Marx’s economic determinism
5. social control

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

1. The ability to understand how we experience the world in terms politics, capitalism, and power are best understood from which one of the following schools of critical theory?
2. cultural studies
3. Frankfurt School
4. Karl Marx
5. consumerism

Answer Location: Critiquing the Frankfurt School

1. Jobs in media design, advertising, and PR are considered to be part of the ______.
2. new culture industries
3. high and low culture
4. capitalism
5. growth industry

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

1. According to the communicative construction of organization approach, which of the following forms of communication is able to shape organizational members’ behavior in significant ways?
2. isolation
3. organizational mission statement
4. newspapers
5. research documents

Answer Location: Organizations are Socially Constructed through Communication Processes

1. Companies like Coca-Cola, Green Peace, and Amazon are considered political sites because ______.
2. they support a democratic government process
3. they are objective structures with limited levels of control
4. they focus on increasing the way people think and feel in the organization
5. they consist of different underlying vested interests with different consequences

Answer Location: Organizations are Political Sites of Power

1. According to the critical perspective, organizations are ______.
2. entities constructed by powerful capitalists in order to increase wealth
3. political sites in which competing interests are equally represented
4. institutions that are key in the development of our identities
5. sites in which ethics are generally irrelevant

Answer Location: Organizations are Key Sites of Human Identity Formation in Modern Society

1. ‘No collar’ work is grounded in creativity but is also characterized by ______.
2. skilled laborers
3. corporate ownership
4. a demanding work schedule
5. work-life balance

Answer Location: Organizations are Key Sites of Human Identity Formation in Modern Society

1. ______ defined culture as experienced lived, experienced interpreted, and experience defined.
2. Antonio Gramsci
3. Karl Marx
4. Stan Deetz
5. Stuart Hall

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

True/False

1. A Sandals resort vacation is an example of how the “culture industry” operates to rationalize a product or experience.

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

1. According to cultural studies, popular culture, which includes phenomena such as movies based on comic books or the music of Brittney Spears, is a source of serious objects of study.

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

1. According to the Frankfurt School, how we see reality depends on the ideas of those who control the means of production. In other words, the ruling material force in society is the ruling intellectual force.

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

1. According to Marx, capitalism would naturally evolve into socialism.

Answer Location: Critiquing Marx

1. According to all three schools of thought (Marx, Frankfurt School, and cultural studies), there is always and inevitably resistance to capitalist control.

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

1. For the most part, organizations do not exercise power coercively but engage in unobtrusive control.

Answer Location: Organizations Are Political Sites of Power

1. Discursive closure extends the ways in which people can think, feel, experience, speak, and act in their organizations.

Answer Location: Organizations Are Political Sites of Power

1. Organizations that value collective power share the decision-making responsibilities.

Answer Location: Organizations Are Important Sites of Collective Decision Making and Democracy

1. The approach that explores the ways in which economics, culture, and politics interact to create social reality is called Marxism.

Answer Location: The Institute for Social Research (the Frankfurt School)

1. Analysis through historical materialism looks at the shifts in property ownership and class relationships.

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

Fill in the Blank

1. The spread of corporate ideologies and discourses to every aspect of our lives, including who we are as human beings, has been labeled ______.

Answer Location: Organizations Are Key Sites of Human Identify Formation in Modern Society

1. In the system ______, workers are “expropriated,” because they do not own the means of production, they must sell their labor power in order to survive.

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. Members of the Frankfurt School were interested in what they termed the ______: the mass production of popular culture, administered from above, that creates needs in people that they would not otherwise have.

Answer Location: Critical Theory and the Critique of Capitalism

1. Researchers in the ______ tradition take popular culture as a serious object of study, examining the complex ways in which it structures social reality.

Answer Location: Cultural Studies

1. A group maintains ______ when it is able to create a worldview that other people and groups actively support, even though that worldview may not be in their interests.

Answer Location: Organizations Are Political Sites of Power

1. Marx’s theory of ______ analyzes history according to different modes of production.

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. The source of profit for the capitalism is the difference between the value of the labor power as purchased and the action value produced by the laborer, which Marx refers to as ______.

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. ______ is a system of attitudes, beliefs, ideas, perceptions, and values that structure reality.

Answer Location: Marx’s Key Issues

1. The idea that the nature of society is causally determined by its economic foundation is called ______.

Answer Location: The Institute for Social Research

1. The work of ______ is a common thread that runs through all the variations of the critical approach.

Answer Location: Unpacking the Critical Approach