Infection Control Practices Test Bank Docx Chapter 35

Student name:__________

1) Any gear worn by a healthcare worker that guards against physical hazards is called __________ (PPE).

2) A clean technique that is based on maintaining cleanliness and preventing the spread of microorganisms in the medical environment is known as __________.

3) When wrapping items to sterilize in an autoclave, all hinged instruments should be placed in the __________ position.

4) Instruments that are wrapped together as a sterile pack should be wrapped __________ so that the steam can reach the instruments inside.

5) All packs wrapped with muslin must be __________ wrapped.

6) Any procedure that requires entry into a body cavity or cutting into skin or mucous membranes is called a(n) __________ procedure.

7) A catheter placed in a large vein, usually the neck, chest, or groin, that is used to administer fluids or medications is a(n) __________.

8) An infection acquired by a patient in a healthcare facility is known as a(n) __________ infection.

9) According to the __________ Organization (WHO), a safe injection does not cause injury to the patient, expose the provider to an avoidable risk, or create dangerous environmental waste.

10) Needlestick injuries are completely preventable if the medical assistant follows OSHA and __________ guidelines.

11) Self-sheathing needles, retractable needles, and self-blunting needles are examples of __________ devices.

12) Injection, phlebotomy, and winged steel needles are available with __________ features that will keep the user’s hands behind the needle tip.

13) The simple and effective commonsense approach to defending yourself and others against infectious agents spread by respiratory droplets such as a cough or sneeze is called respiratory __________/__________.

14) Surfaces that have been contaminated by an infected patient should be thoroughly cleaned using an EPA-approved disinfectant or 1:10 __________ solution.

15) Equipment that only comes in contact with intact skin and requires low-level disinfection is categorized as a(n) __________ item.

16) Equipment that comes in contact with mucous membranes and nonintact skin and requires high-level disinfection is categorized as a(n) __________ item.

17) An item that enters sterile tissue, body cavities, veins, and arteries and must be sterilized prior to use is categorized as a(n) __________ item.

18) The medical assistant can help the patient avoid infections before and after surgery by giving her __________ instructions about what she should do before and after the surgical procedure.

19) Most surgical site infections are __________, which means they are caused by microorganisms found on the skin or in the body of the patient.

20) Microorganisms brought into the surgical site by medical instruments or equipment are called __________.

21) The SSI classification that involves only the skin and subcutaneous tissues is called __________ incisional.

22) The SSI classification that involves tissues such as fascia and muscle is called __________.

23) The SSI classification that includes organs and cavities but excludes skin, fascia, and muscle is called __________/__________.

24) Adherence to __________ guidelines, careful sterile technique during office procedures, and comprehensive patient education are keys to preventing SSIs in the medical office.

25) Timing for items to be sterilized in an autoclave should not be started until the unit has reached the proper __________.

26) If the autoclave does not reach the proper temperature or the temperature is too low, the steam will contain too much __________ and the drying cycle will be insufficient.

27) The four leading factors that cause incomplete sterilization include incorrect timing, insufficient temperature, overcrowding of packs, and __________.

28) The primary method for sterilizing instruments and equipment in the medical office is a(n) __________, which is a device that forces the temperature of steam above the boiling point of water.

29) A special strip or tag that confirms that the items in an autoclave have been exposed to the correct volume of steam at the correct temperature for the correct length of time is a sterilization __________.

30) The __________ process is required for all instruments or supplies that will penetrate a patient’s skin or come in contact with any other normally sterile areas of the body.

31) Prepare sanitized and disinfected instruments and equipment for loading into the __________ by wrapping them in muslin, special porous paper, plastic bags, or envelopes and labeling each pack.

32) __________ or cold sterilization is used on instruments and equipment that are sensitive to heat.

33) An endoscope must be sterilized using chemical or __________ sterilization, which uses liquids to eliminate microorganisms.

34) When reporting a __________ disease, you must fill out the correct form and disease identification number from the health department.

35) The goal of __________ is to keep organisms from entering the body.

36) Medical asepsis in the medical office includes keeping the room temperature at approximately __________ Fahrenheit.

37) Posters published by the __________ should be placed in patient reception areas as a reminder to use tissues and cover coughs to reduce the spread of infectious agents.

38) The primary method for sterilizing instruments and equipment is the use of pressurized steam in a(n) __________, which is a device that forces the temperature of steam above the boiling point of water.

39) A tag that confirms that the items in an autoclave have been exposed to the correct volume of steam at the correct temperature for the correct length of time is the sterilization __________.

40) __________ is required for all instruments or supplies that will penetrate a patient's skin or come in contact with any other normally sterile areas of the body.

41) You should prepare sanitized and disinfected instruments and equipment for loading into the __________ by wrapping them in muslin, special porous paper, plastic bags, or envelopes and labeling each pack.

42) An infection acquired by a patient in a healthcare facility is known as a(n) __________ infection.

43)
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Which item in the diagram is the first step in wrapping instruments for sterilization?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

44)
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Which item in the diagram is the second step in wrapping instruments for sterilization?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

45)
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Which item in the diagram is the third step in wrapping instruments for sterilization?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
F) F
G) G

46)
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Which item in the diagram is the fourth step in wrapping instruments for sterilization?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
F) F
G) G

47)
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Which item in the diagram is the fifth step in wrapping instruments for sterilization?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
F) F
G) G

48)
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Which items in the diagram are the sixth and seventh steps in wrapping instruments for sterilization?

A) G, E
B) A, D
C) F, B
D) D, G
E) C, B

49)
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

In this diagram, which of the following indicates the correct sequence for wrapping instruments for sterilization?

A) A, G, C, D, B, F, E
B) F, C, G, A, D, E, B
C) D, F, G, A, C, B, E
D) G, F, D, A, B, C, E
E) G, F, E, D, C, B, A

50) The common health-associated infection seen in an outpatient setting, called MRSA, is caused by which type of bacteria?

A) strep
B) staph
C) clostridium
D) CLABSI
E) CAUTI

51) A common health-associated infection seen in an outpatient setting that is caused by a specific type of staph bacterium and results in skin infections that can develop into large abscesses is __________.

A) strep
B) MRSA
C) Clostridium
D) CLABSI
E) CAUTI

52) The CDC recommends that catheters be used for the least possible amount of time due to which type of infection?

A) strep
B) staph
C) clostridium
D) CLABSI
E) CAUTI

53) Which type of infection is caused by the entry of infectious microorganisms into the bloodstream by way of a central line?

A) Strep
B) Staph
C) Clostridium
D) CLABSI
E) CAUTI

54) A clean technique that is based on maintaining cleanliness and preventing the spread of microorganisms in the medical environment is known as which of the following?

A) Sanitation
B) Sterilization
C) Medical asepsis
D) Surgical asepsis
E) Disinfection

55) Which of the following is a physical aspect of the medical office that contributes to asepsis?

A) A dimly lit office with a temperature of 82°F
B) A sign that eating and drinking are permitted in the waiting room only
C) Designating a section of the reception room for sick patients
D) Allowing the trash cans to become full before emptying
E) Providing pens for patients to sign in so they don’t use their own

56) The goal of surgical asepsis in the medical facility is to __________.

A) reduce the number of microorganisms in the office
B) clean all surfaces daily to promote cleanliness
C) educate patients about their role in healthcare
D) prevent microorganisms from spreading through the office
E) keep organisms from entering the body

57) The goal of medical asepsis in the medical facility is to __________.

A) reduce the number of microorganisms in the medical environment after they leave the body
B) sterilize all surfaces daily to promote cleanliness
C) educate patients about their role in healthcare
D) prevent microorganisms from spreading through the office
E) keep organisms from entering the body

58) What is the proper placement order when multiple PPEs are needed for the protection of the healthcare worker?

A) face mask, gloves, and gown
B) gown, face mask, and gloves
C) gown, gloves, and face mask
D) face mask, gown, and gloves
E) gloves, gown, and face mask

59) Employers are required by law to supply __________ at no charge to their employees.

A) scrubs
B) study shoes
C) lab coats
D) personal protective equipment
E) insurance

60) Due to several large outbreaks of hepatitis B and C in outpatient settings, recommendations for safe injection practices were included as part of the Guideline for Isolation Precautions established by which of the following?

A) WHO
B) OSHA
C) CDC
D) AMA
E) HITECH

61) What is OSHA’s estimate of approximately how many needlestick injuries occur each year?

A) 100,000
B) 300,000
C) 500,000
D) 700,000
E) 800,000

62) Influenza, measles, whooping cough, and meningitis are examples of infectious diseases that can be transmitted through which of the following?

A) respiratory droplets
B) casual touch
C) bloodborne
D) sweat
E) sexual contact

63) If a patient is coughing uncontrollably and there is considerable spray, what PPE should the medical assistant put on before entering the examination room?

A) gloves and mask
B) mask and goggles
C) gloves, gown, goggles and mask
D) gown, mask, and face shield
E) gloves, mask, and face shield

64) Which of the following equipment is categorized as a semi-critical item?

A) blood pressure cuff
B) reflex hammer
C) endoscope
D) stethoscope
E) surgical instrument

65) Which of the following equipment is categorized as a critical item?

A) blood pressure cuff
B) reflex hammer
C) endoscope
D) stethoscope
E) surgical instrument

66) Approximately what percent of patients will develop an infection at the surgical site?

A) 2%
B) 3%
C) 4%
D) 5%
E) 6%

67) What is the most common microorganism associated with a surgical site infection?

A) Streptococcus
B) Staphylococcus
C) Clostridium
D) CLABSI
E) CAUTI

68) Classifications of SSIs are dependent on the __________ and extent of the surgical wound.

A) depth
B) width
C) type
D) location
E) drainage

69) Which of the following is a process that is required for all instruments that penetrate the skin or that come in contact with normally sterile areas of the tissues and internal organs?

A) sterilization
B) sanitization
C) purification
D) disinfection
E) ultrasonic cleaning

70) Which of the following is a necessary step for the medical assistant to take when sterilizing instruments using an autoclave?

A) placing the instruments in the closed position
B) preheating the instruments before placing them in the unit
C) using distilled water in the unit
D) taking each instrument out of the unit by hand
E) drying the instruments with a towel after sterilization

71) Which of the following instruments and equipment must be sterilized before use?

A) vaginal specula and curettes
B) stethoscopes and tuning forks
C) endotracheal tubes
D) nasal specula
E) blood pressure cuffs

72) The primary method for sterilizing instruments in the medical office is __________.

A) chemical process
B) autoclaving
C) gas process
D) dry heat process
E) soaking in bleach

73) In which method of sterilization does moisture cause coagulation of proteins within microorganisms at a much lower temperature than is possible with dry heat?

A) microwave processing
B) gas processing
C) autoclaving
D) chemical processing
E) ultrasonic processing

74) Which of the following is the appropriate way to wrap instruments for sterilization?

A) Place all instruments together with surfaces touching.
B) Use only double-thickness muslin to wrap instruments.
C) Place all hinged instruments in the closed position.
D) Wrap each instrument in the fabric as loosely as possible.
E) Use plastic tape to close the pack.

75) As a general rule, double-layer fabric or paper-wrapped sterile packages have a maximum shelf life of __________.

A) 30 days
B) 60 days
C) 90 days
D) 1 year
E) 2 years

76) Which of the following is a correct step in cleaning and preheating an autoclave?

A) Fill the water reservoir with tap water.
B) Check the discharge lines and valves for obstruction.
C) Overheat the chamber to warm it.
D) Clean the autoclave after several uses.
E) Load cold instruments into an overheated chamber.

77) Which of the following would cause the autoclave load to not sterilize properly?

A) steam temperature of 212°F or 100°C
B) wrapping the instruments in muslin
C) air trapped inside the chamber because of blocked discharge lines
D) placing hinged instruments in the open position
E) refilling the reservoir with distilled water before operating

78) Which of the following is a leading factor that would cause an incomplete sterilization of an autoclaved load?

A) temperature of 250° to 270°F
B) 15 to 30 pounds of pressure in the chamber
C) steam temperature of 212°F
D) allowing the autoclave to cool before emptying
E) too short a time period

79) Which of the following is an important step for the medical assistant to remember when running a load through the autoclave?

A) If the load contains both wrapped packs and individual instruments, place the instruments above the wrapped packs.
B) After the steam cycle and before the drying cycle, open the door to the autoclave 1 inch.
C) Do not unload any packs or instruments with wet wrappings.
D) Place each item immediately in a cold location when unloading.
E) Do not touch the outside of the wrapped packs.

80) Part of the medical assistant’s responsibility is to run the autoclave to sterilize instruments, and once a week the MA should include a biological sterilization indicator with a load as a general quality control measure. Today, she notices that the biological indicator from yesterday’s load is positive. What does a positive result mean?

A) The proper temperature was not reached.
B) The pressure in the autoclave was not high enough.
C) There was not enough steam in the autoclave.
D) The water reservoir on the autoclave is running low.
E) The items in that load are not sterile.

81) In general, what is the temperature range in degrees Fahrenheit that the autoclave must reach in order to sterilize a load of instruments?

A) 120°–140°
B) 160°–180°
C) 220°–240°
D) 250°–270°
E) 280°–300°

82) Most autoclaves must reach a certain temperature and pressure to complete the sterilization process. If the temperature must reach 250° to 270°Fahrenheit, what must the pressure range be?

A) 15 to 30 pounds of pressure
B) 20 to 35 pounds of pressure
C) 10 to 20 pounds of pressure
D) 25 to 40 pounds of pressure
E) 30 to 45 pounds of pressure

83) Which of the following is a disadvantage of using muslin to wrap instruments for sterilization?

A) It is more susceptible to contamination.
B) It is hard to handle.
C) It is too bulky.
D) It stays wet too long.
E) It comes unwrapped more easily.

84) Which of these diseases is reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System as required by the CDC?

A) chickenpox
B) yeast infection
C) stomach ulcer
D) cholera
E) endometriosis

85) When wrapping instruments for sterilization, what is the first step that should be taken?

A) Place instruments in the center of the wrap.
B) Wash hands and don gloves.
C) Select type and size of wrapper.
D) Place an indicator in center of wrap.
E) Open all hinged instruments.

86) When wrapping items for sterilization, what information must be on the label of the pack?

A) date and time
B) date and contents of pack
C) date, time, and contents of pack
D) date, your initials, and contents of pack
E) date, time, and your initials

87) What is the proper way to wrap hinged instruments?

A) placed in the open position
B) wrapped in gauze
C) placed in a pile one on top of the other
D) single wrapped
E) using porous paper only

88) The cleaning process that is required for all instruments that penetrate the skin or that come in contact with normally sterile areas of the tissues and internal organs is __________.

A) sterilization
B) sanitization
C) purification
D) disinfection
E) ultrasonic cleaning

89) Which of the following is necessary when sterilizing items using an autoclave?

A) placing the instruments in the closed position
B) preheating the instruments before placing them in the unit
C) using distilled water in the unit
D) taking each instrument out of the unit by hand
E) drying the instruments with a towel after sterilization

90) Which instruments and equipment must be sterilized?

A) vaginal specula and curettes
B) stethoscopes and tuning forks
C) endotracheal tubes
D) nasal specula
E) blood pressure cuffs

91) The primary method for sterilizing instruments is __________.

A) chemical processes
B) autoclaving
C) gas processes
D) dry heat processes
E) washing with bleach

92) In which of the following methods of sterilization does moisture cause coagulation of proteins within microorganisms at a much lower temperature than is possible with dry heat?

A) microwave processing
B) gas processing
C) autoclaving
D) chemical processing
E) ultrasonic processing

93) The appropriate way to wrap instruments for sterilization in the autoclave includes __________.

A) placing the instruments together with surfaces touching
B) using double-thickness muslin to wrap instruments
C) placing all hinged instruments in the closed position
D) wrapping each instrument in the fabric as loosely as possible with the ends open
E) using electrical tape to close the wrapping

94) The maximum shelf life for a sterile pack is __________.

A) 30 days
B) 60 days
C) 90 days
D) 1 year
E) 2 years

95) What is the correct way to clean and preheat the autoclave?

A) Fill the water reservoir with tap water.
B) Check the discharge lines and valves for obstruction.
C) Overheat the chamber to warm it.
D) Clean the autoclave after several uses.
E) Load cold instruments into an overheated chamber.

96) Which of the following would render an autoclaved load unsterile?

A) steam temperature of 212°F or 100°C
B) wrapping the instruments in muslin
C) air trapped inside the chamber because of blocked discharge lines
D) placing hinged instruments in the open position
E) refilling the water reservoir before operating

97) Which of the following would cause incomplete sterilization of an autoclaved load?

A) temperature of 250° to 270°F
B) 15 to 30 pounds of pressure in the chamber
C) steam temperature of 212°F
D) allowing the autoclave to cool before emptying
E) too short a time period

98) Which of the following is important when running a load through the autoclave?

A) If the load contains both wrapped packs and individual instruments, place the instruments above the wrapped packs.
B) After the steam cycle and before the drying cycle, open the door to the autoclave 1 inch.
C) Do not unload any packs or instruments with wet wrappings.
D) Place each item immediately in a cold location when unloading.
E) Do not touch the outside of the wrapped packs.

99) Part of Josie's responsibility as a medical assistant is to run the autoclave as needed to sterilize instruments. Once a week, she includes a biological sterilization indicator with a load as a general quality control measure. Today, she notices that the biological indicator from yesterday's load is positive. What does this result mean?

A) The proper temperature was not reached.
B) The pressure in the autoclave was not high enough.
C) There was not enough steam in the autoclave.
D) The water reservoir on the autoclave is running low.
E) The items in that load are not sterile.

100) A physical aspect of the medical office that contributes to asepsis is __________.

A) a dimly lit office with a temperature of 82°F
B) a sign that eating and drinking are permitted in the waiting room only
C) designating a portion of the waiting room for sick patients
D) allowing the trash cans to become full before emptying
E) providing pens for patients to sign in so they don't use their own

101) The goal of surgical asepsis is to __________.

A) reduce the number of microorganisms in the office
B) clean all surfaces daily to promote cleanliness
C) educate patients about their role in healthcare
D) prevent microorganisms from spreading through the office
E) keep organisms from entering the body

102) Which of the following is not part of the respiratory hygiene recommendations established by the CDC?

A) controlling the source of transmission
B) using proper hand hygiene
C) separating patients with respiratory infections from other patients in waiting areas
D) putting masks on all patients who are coughing
E) posting cough etiquette signs

103) Which of the following items isnot needed to fill out a communicable disease report form (either electronic or paper)?

A) disease identification
B) patient identification
C) reporting-institution information
D) test results
E) infection history

104) Which of the following diseases does not have to be reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System of the CDC?

A) diphtheria
B) chronic hepatitis B
C) tetanus
D) rabies
E) shingles