Full Test Bank Chapter 4 Comparative Health Systems

Jonas & Kovner’s Health Care Delivery in the United States, 12^th Edition

Test Bank

Chapter 4, Comparative Health Systems

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following operates a national health service?

A. England

B. Canada

C. France

D. The United States

1. Which does the French health care system have in common with the U.S. system?

A. Poor health outcomes

B. A multi-payer system for financing care

C. High costs

D. Large numbers of uninsured residents

1. Three-quarters of the funding for England’s national health service comes from which of the following?

A. Philanthropic donations

B. A payroll tax

C. General taxation

D. Private payments

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of most national health insurance (NHI) systems?

A. Minimal freedom of choice

B. Payroll-tax based financing

C. High overhead costs

D. Scarcity of medical specialists

1. Roughly one-third of all health care spending in China comes from which of the following?

A. Out-of-pocket payments

B. A payroll tax

C. General taxation

D. Voluntary premiums

1. In NHS and NHI systems, most health care financing is based on which of the following?

A. Practitioners’ liability coverage

B. Employer contributions

C. Ability to pay

D. Insurance companies’ risk estimates

1. Eligibility for Medicaid and CHIP is based on which of the following?

A. Age

B. Employment

C. Gender

D. Income

1. In the English health care system, about two-thirds of general practitioners and dentists are paid through which of the following means?

A. A combination of capitation and fee for service

B. Straight salary

C. Fee for service

D. Capitation alone

1. An incentive to health professionals that was recently introduced in China to improve the quality of health care is

A. Capitation

B. Pay for performance

C. National hospital expenditure targets

D. Competitive salaries

1. Which of the following is the most significant reason the United States spends so much more than any other health care system in the world?

A. Large numbers of uninsured people

B. Limited number of practitioners

C. High provider prices

D. Government regulation

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. Which of the following are characteristic of the U.S. system of health care? Select all that apply.

A. The highest costs in the world

B. Lack of universal health insurance coverage

C. Wide inequities in access to primary and specialty care

D. Low mortality rates

E. Squandered resources

1. All countries rely on a mix of which of the following revenue sources to finance their health care services? Select all that apply.

A. General taxes, including personal income taxes

B. Philanthropic donations

C. Payroll taxes

D. Voluntary premiums

E. Individual out-of-pocket payments at the time of service

1. Which of the following are among the criteria specified by the Canada Health Act of 1984 for provincial and territorial health insurance systems that want to qualify for federal block grants? Select all that apply.

A. Administered on a non-profit basis by a public authority

B. Comprehensive in covering most health services provided by hospitals, medical practitioners, and dentists

C. Universal in that they cover all legal Canadian residents

D. Covering all medical needs except preexisting conditions

E. Portable so that coverage for all is transferable to all other parts of Canada

1. Which of the following are obstacles to the pursuit of efficiency in England’s NHS? Select all that apply.

A. Professional groups’ opposition to innovation

B. Difficulties in firing and reassigning health care personnel

C. The NHS’s separation among hospitals, general practitioners, and community health programs

D. An aging population

1. Which of the following characterize China’s current health care system? Select all that apply.

A. Disparities in access across regions and medical sectors

B. The “barefoot doctors” program

C. Lack of a strong system of primary care

D. A rapid increase in health insurance coverage

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following countries has the most practicing doctors per 1,000 population?

A. China

B. France

C. The United Kingdom

D. The United States

1. What percent of U.S. physicians are specialists?

A. 10%

B. 30%

C. 75%

D. 90%

1. Which country fears it might now have too many doctors and nurses?

A. The United States

B. France

C. China

D. England

1. Which of the following is not among the objectives on which WHO ranked its member states’ health systems?

A. Maximizing population health

B. Reducing inequalities in population health

C. Educating new health professionals

D. Maximizing health system responsiveness

1. Most studies conclude that there is no correlation between population aging and

A. Health care spending

B. Health care access

C. The number of primary care physicians

D. The spread of disease

SHORT ANSWER

1. Briefly explain why the U.S. health care system is best described as a patchwork system.
2. Discuss one way in which NHI and NHS systems have evolved in a similar direction since World War II.
3. Discuss one way in which China’s recent history of health care differs from that of developed Western nations.
4. Briefly compare the basic methods of paying physicians and hospitals in England, Canada, and France.
5. Explain why France faces problems with the coordination of care between hospitals and community-based providers.

ESSAY

1. Describe and evaluate the role of England’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).
2. Describe the methods and results of the OECD’s Health Care Quality Indicators (HCQI) project.
3. Evaluate the use of health information technology (HIT) in industrialized nations like the United States, England, Canada, and France.