Full Test Bank Ch15 Personality Disorders

CHAPTER 15

Personality Disorders

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1. Personality disorders are defined as

a) maladaptive behaviors that consistently violate the rights of others.

b) an inflexible patterns of inner experience and behavior that is distinct from cultural expectations.

c) any psychological disorder having an onset before age 12 and recurring throughout adulthood.

d) chronic patterns of extreme instability in relationships, mood, and self-image.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

2. How many personality disorders are included in DSM-5?

a) 5

b) 8

c) 10

d) 13

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

3. The DSM-5 personality disorder most prevalent in community settings is

a) antisocial personality disorder.

b) borderline personality disorder.

c) avoidant personality disorder.

d) schizotypal personality disorder.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

4. The most prevalent personality disorder in treatment settings is

a) antisocial personality disorder.

b) borderline personality disorder.

c) avoidant personality disorder.

d) schizotypal personality disorder.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

5. Which of the following DSM personality disorders is more prevalent in community settings than in treatment settings?

a) antisocial personality disorder

b) borderline personality disorder

c) avoidant personality disorder

d) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

6. Compared to normal personality styles, personality disorders are more

a) bizarre and out of control.

b) dangerous and immoral.

c) inborn and physiological.

d) pervasive and inflexible.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

7. The reliability of diagnoses of personality disorders has improved as a result of

a) strengthening the theoretical basis for each personality disorder.

b) showing interrelationships with other disorders.

c) developing clear diagnostic criteria.

d) paying closer attention to their possible presence.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

8. Recent research on diagnoses of personality disorders indicates that their reliability is

a) totally inadequate.

b) improved if specialized structured interviews are used.

c) acceptable for antisocial personality disorder, but inadequate for most others.

d) better than that for most diagnostic categories.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

9. A concern about the DSM-5 classification system for personality disorders is that

a) because the symptoms are similar, personality disorders tend to be comorbid with each other.

b) some of the disorders are extremely common in community settings and most clinical settings.

c) many people who seem to have normal functioning still fit into personality disorder categories.

d) since the “disorders” are simply variants of normal functioning, they should not be pathologized.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

10. Which of the following is a personality disorder included in DSM-5?

a) somatoform personality disorder

b) schizoid personality disorder

c) hysterical personality disorder

d) depressive personality disorder

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Analysis

11. Which of the following is included in DSM-5?

a) hypomanic personality disorder

b) inadequate personality disorder

c) dissociative personality disorder

d) narcissistic personality disorder

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Analysis

12. Which of the following personality disorder clusters is complete?

a) antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder

b) avoidant personality disorder, self-defeating personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, dependent personality disorder

c) paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder

d) antisocial personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, paranoid personality disorder

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

13. Which of the following personality disorders is included in cluster B, the dramatic/erratic personality disorders?

a) paranoid personality disorder

b) dependent personality disorder

c) schizotypal personality disorder

d) narcissistic personality disorder

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

14. Which personality disorder diagnosis has the lowest inter-rater reliability when a structured interview is used?

a) schizoid personality disorder

b) schizotypal personality disorder

c) avoidant personality disorder

d) narcissistic personality disorder

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

15. The three clusters of personality disorders are

a) odd/eccentric, anxious/fearful, and dramatic/erratic.

b) odd/avoidant, anxious/withdrawn, and dramatic/attention-seeking.

c) odd/eccentric, anxious/withdrawn, and dramatic/erratic.

d) odd/avoidant, anxious/fearful, and attention-seeking/erratic.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

16. A major problem in classifying personality disorders is that they

a) lack specific criteria.

b) never go into remission.

c) are very stable.

d) tend to be comorbid.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Analysis

17. How many of the personality disorders does the alternative DSM-5 model include?

a) five

b) six

c) seven

d) eight

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

18. In the DSM-5 alternative approach to classifying personality disorders, how many personality trait domains and personality trait facets are there?

a) 5 domains and 25 facets

b) 7 domains and 28 facets

c) 9 domains and 32 facets

d) 10 domains and 25 facets

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

19. Which facet is part of the negative affectivity domain?

a) anxiousness

b) anhedonia

c) withdrawal

d) deceitfulness

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

20. Which personality trait facet is part of the detachment domain?

a) preservation

b) callousness

c) impulsivity

d) suspiciousness

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

21. Which personality trait facet is part of the antagonism domain?

a) irresponsibility

b) grandiosity

c) withdrawal

d) risk-taking

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

22. Which personality trait facet is part of the disinhibition domain?

a) distractibility

b) restricted affectivity

c) grandiosity

d) hostility

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

23. Which personality trait facet is part of the psychoticism domain?

a) manipulativeness

b) depressivity

c) eccentricity

d) impulsivity

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

24. Heritability estimates for schizotypal, antisocial, borderline, narcissistic, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders are

a) negligible.

b) low.

c) moderately high.

d) extremely high.

Section Reference: Common Risk Factors Across the Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss commonalities in etiology across the personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

25. According to research on the impact of childhood abuse and neglect on receiving a subsequent diagnosis of a personality disorder, which disorder had the highest odds ratio?

a) schizotypal personality disorder

b) borderline personality disorder

c) narcissistic personality disorder

d) antisocial personality disorder

Section Reference: Common Risk Factors Across the Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss commonalities in etiology across the personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

26. Findings from the Children in the Community Study suggest that

a) overinvolved parenting is associated with higher risk of personality disorders.

b) personality disorders are strongly related to early adversity.

c) traumatic childhood experiences are protective because they increase resilience.

d) harsh parenting styles are largely unrelated to personality disorders.

Section Reference: Common Risk Factors Across the Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss commonalities in etiology across the personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

27. Which of the following exerts the greatest influence on personality disorders?

a) genetics

b) trauma

c) parenting

d) poverty

Section Reference: Common Risk Factors Across the Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss commonalities in etiology across the personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

28. Carla has a difficult time maintaining friendships. She is generally suspicious of the motives of other people, often misinterpreting the behavior of her friends. Based on this information, the most likely personality disorder diagnosis for Carla would be

a) paranoid personality disorder.

b) dependent personality disorder.

c) avoidant personality disorder.

d) histrionic personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Application

29. A Clinical Case in the text described Emily, a woman who lived alone and was referred to her employment counseling center by her boss because she was eccentric and expressed herself poorly at times, leading to difficult interpersonal relationships. Emily's symptoms are consistent with a diagnosis of

a) schizotypal personality disorder.

b) narcissistic personality disorder.

c) avoidant personality disorder.

d) paranoid personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

30. Which personality disorder shares characteristics with schizophrenia?

a) schizotypal personality disorder

b) avoidant personality disorder

c) borderline personality disorder

d) dependent personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

31. Which disorder is characterized by unjustified suspiciousness of being harmed, deceived, or exploited; the tendency to read hidden meanings into the benign actions of others; and angry reactions to perceived attacks on character or reputation?

a) paranoid personality disorder

b) schizotypal personality disorder

c) borderline personality disorder

d) schizoid personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

32. Which of the following distinguishes the odd/eccentric personality disorders from schizophrenia?

a) Delusions are more severe in the odd/eccentric personality disorders.

b) Hallucinations are not present in the odd/eccentric personality disorders.

c) Bizarre thinking is not present in the odd/eccentric personality disorders.

d) Functional impairments are more severe in the odd/eccentric personality disorders.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

33. Unusual and eccentric thoughts and behavior, interpersonal detachment, and suspiciousness are characteristic of

a) schizotypal personality disorder.

b) narcissistic personality disorder.

c) avoidant personality disorder.

d) borderline personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

34. It is common for those diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder to

a) have close friends.

b) engage in magical thinking.

c) be immaculately groomed.

d) communicate well.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

35. The symptoms of odd/eccentric personality disorders are similar to those seen in schizophrenia, but tend to be

a) much worse.

b) more pervasive.

c) less severe.

d) more disabling.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

36. Individuals diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder

a) have a lack of desire for or enjoyment of close relationships.

b) have unwarranted doubts about the loyalty of friends.

c) have a tendency to read hidden meanings into benign actions.

d) have social anxiety and interpersonal fears.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

37. Compared to a person with paranoid schizophrenia, a person diagnosed as having paranoid personality disorder is

a) less likely to experience social and occupational dysfunction.

b) more disturbed and thus more likely to be violent.

c) suffering from a more chronic and severe mental illness.

d) more likely to respond to medication.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Analysis

38. Paranoid personality disorder differs from paranoid schizophrenia in that paranoid personality disorder is

a) not associated with unreasonable paranoia.

b) associated with more pervasive delusions.

c) not associated with hallucinations.

d) associated with a willingness to forgive wrongs.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Analysis

39. Joe lives alone in a cabin in the woods where he does the minimum to get by. When approached, he responds, but he is not interested in conversation or making friends and has never had a sexual relationship because he has no interest in doing so. Even as a child, Joe seemed indifferent to others and responded neither to praise nor to criticism. Which personality disorder is most consistent with Joe’s characteristics?

a) avoidant personality disorder

b) schizoid personality disorder

c) histrionic personality disorder

d) borderline personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Application

40. Schizoid personality disorder has most in common with

a) histrionic personality disorder.

b) schizotypal personality disorder.

c) antisocial personality disorder.

d) borderline personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

41. In trying to distinguish between schizoid and schizotypal personality disorder, the clinician should remember that

a) while individuals with both are indifferent to others, individuals with schizoid personality disorder are particularly upset by criticism by others.

b) while individuals with both experience hallucinations, individuals with schizotypal personality disorder are particularly likely to experience visual hallucinations.

c) while individuals with both are described as having flat affect, individuals with schizotypal personality disorder may also experience wildly alternating moods.

d) while individuals with both may have few friends, individuals with schizoid personality disorder lack desire for or enjoyment of close relationships.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Analysis

42. Schizotypal, but not schizoid, personality disorder involves

a) odd, eccentric beliefs and behaviors.

b) interpersonal problems and few friends.

c) flat affect and emotional indifference.

d) social anxiety and fear of others.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Analysis

43. The brains of people with schizotypal personality disorder show enlarged ventricles, less temporal lobe gray matter, and neurotransmitter dysregulation—abnormalities that are like those observed in

a) bipolar disorder.

b) major depression.

c) schizophrenia.

d) dissociative identity disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

44. People with schizotypal personality disorder

a) only rarely develop schizophrenia.

b) experience worsening delusions as they age.

c) almost always experience hallucinations.

d) rarely have significant functional impairments.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

45. The key feature of which personality disorder is overly dramatic and attention-seeking behavior?

a) paranoid personality disorder

b) schizoid personality disorder

c) avoidant personality disorder

d) histrionic personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

46. Chayenne is known as a drama queen. She often expresses exaggerations, saying, for example, “That was the most incredible movie I’ve ever seen and it’s completely transformed my life” and yet being unable to describe why she liked the movie. In addition, she is overly concerned with her appearance and dresses in provocative and unusual ways. Chayenne is exhibiting behaviors characteristic of

a) histrionic personality disorder.

b) borderline personality disorder.

c) narcissistic personality disorder.

d) antisocial personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

47. From the perspective of DSM-5, antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy

a) involve the same behavioral symptoms.

b) represent a continuum of disorder.

c) are different disorders.

d) involve the same affective symptoms.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

48. When people with antisocial personality disorder are confronted with an intense or aversive stimulus, their skin conductance is

a) less reactive than that of people who do not have the disorder.

b) more reactive than that of people who do not have the disorder.

c) just as reactive as that of people who do not have the disorder.

d) more reactive than that of people who do not have the disorder, but only if criminality is involved.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

49. More than research on any other personality disorder, the research on which of these personality disorders emphasizes the conjoint influence of biology and social and psychological influences?

a) histrionic personality disorder

b) borderline personality disorder

c) narcissistic personality disorder

d) antisocial personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

50. Convicted felons are most likely to have which of the following disorders?

a) borderline personality disorder

b) sadistic personality disorder

c) histrionic personality disorder

d) antisocial personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

51. Yolanda vacillates between having extremely positive feelings toward her friend and having extremely negative feelings toward her, often for no apparent reason. When these changes in her disposition occur, she also experiences deep depression and sometimes engages in self-injurious behavior. On the basis of this information, Yolanda might be diagnosed with

a) borderline personality disorder.

b) schizoid personality disorder.

c) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

d) paranoid personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

52. Which of the following is characteristic of borderline personality disorder?

a) pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others since the age of 15

b) excessive emotionality and attention seeking from early adulthood

c) grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy from early adulthood

d) instability in relationships, self-image, and impulsivity from early adulthood

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Analysis

53. Research on the influences of genetic vulnerability and childhood abuse in the etiology of borderline personality disorder suggests that

a) abuse does not account for risk once genetics and family vulnerability are controlled for.

b) the effects of abuse and genetics cannot be distinguished from each other.

c) genetics has an inconsequential contribution once abuse has been accounted for.

d) genetics and abuse are equally important.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

54. Given that people with borderline personality disorder are impulsive, we would expect them to do poorly on tests that measure functioning of the

a) prefrontal cortex.

b) parietal lobe.

c) occipital lobe.

d) sensorimotor cortex.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

55. Which of the following is a characteristic of borderline personality disorder?

a) emotional dysregulation

b) low extraversion

c) bland, dull affect

d) panic attacks

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

56. According to Linehan, borderline personality disorder develops when people who have difficulty controlling their emotions are raised in a family environment that is

a) achievement-oriented.

b) invalidating.

c) controlling.

d) overly stimulating.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

57. Two primary features of Linehan’s diathesis–stress theory of borderline personality disorder are

a) ego functioning and transference.

b) object representation and cognitive style.

c) cognitive bias and attribution error.

d) emotional dysregulation and experiences of invalidation.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

58. The DSM-5 description of borderline personality disorder includes

a) irresponsibility as evidenced by an unreliable employment or financial history.

b) speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail.

c) recurrent bouts of intense or poorly controlled anger.

d) the belief that one is special and can be understood only by other high-status people.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

59. The DSM-5 description of borderline personality disorder includes

a) flat affect.

b) arrogance.

c) grandiosity.

d) mood reactivity.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

60. Claude goes to great lengths to be the center of attention. He announces his views and feelings with great enthusiasm and tends to dress very dramatically. His emotions seem shallow, and he often misreads relationships as being more intimate than they are. Claude’s symptoms are most consistent with

a) histrionic personality disorder.

b) narcissistic personality disorder.

c) borderline personality disorder.

d) antisocial personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

61. A primary characteristic of histrionic personality disorder is

a) avoidance of others.

b) emotional lability.

c) inability to make realistic life plans.

d) overly dramatic and attention-seeking behavior.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

62. Veronica imagines that she will one day have great success in business, although she is currently working as a waitress. She has difficulty getting along at work because she believes that she is more intelligent and capable than her coworkers and even her boss, and she expects special favors, such as not having to clean the booths and tables like the other waitresses. Veronica might be diagnosed with

a) narcissistic personality disorder.

b) borderline personality disorder.

c) histrionic personality disorder.

d) antisocial personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

63. Narcissistic personality disorder is primarily characterized by

a) avoidance of others.

b) a lack of self-confidence.

c) emotional lability.

d) self-centeredness.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

64. Kohut proposed that individuals with narcissistic personality disorder have

a) a history of childhood maltreatment.

b) superior abilities but limited opportunities.

c) parents who emphasized obedience.

d) very fragile self-esteem.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

65. When people with narcissistic personality disorder interact with others, their primary goal is to

a) achieve interpersonal closeness and warmth.

b) bolster their own self-esteem.

c) determine how to help the other person.

d) try to exploit the other person.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

66. An individual with narcissistic personality disorder is likely to work particularly hard in situations involving

a) recognition.

b) service.

c) self-actualization.

d) physical challenges.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

67. Which family characteristic is associated with a subsequent diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?

a) having more than three siblings

b) being raised in a single-parent household

c) being exposed to violence

d) experiencing overinvolved parenting

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

68. The characteristics of avoidant personality disorder include

a) difficulty doing things on one’s own because of a lack of self-confidence.

b) preoccupation with fears of having to take care of oneself.

c) preoccupation with being criticized or rejected.

d) excessive devotion to work to the exclusion of leisure and friendships.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

69. A person with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is likely to be

a) restrained in intimate relationships.

b) preoccupied with details.

c) reluctant to try new activities.

d) fearful of disagreeing with others.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

70. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder can be distinguished from obsessive-compulsive disorder by

a) the lack of obsessions and compulsions.

b) its insignificant impact on interpersonal relationships.

c) the greater severity of dysfunction associated with it.

d) its association with social and occupational failures.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

71. The characteristic symptoms associated with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder include

a) feelings of helplessness when alone.

b) difficulty making decisions without excessive advice.

c) being inhibited in new interpersonal situations.

d) reluctance to delegate to others.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

72. Peter not only adheres to a rigid and rigorous work schedule but also has a schedule for his home life, which he expects his entire family to follow. He is such a perfectionist that he actually finds it difficult to get work done efficiently, despite the amount of time he spends trying. Which of the following personality disorders best fits Peter?

a) dependent personality disorder

b) narcissistic personality disorder

c) avoidant personality disorder

d) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

73. Tonya, who is generally regarded as very shy and a loner, says she would like to meet people but is too afraid of saying something foolish to speak to them. She describes herself as the ultimate social klutz because she never knows what to say or do. As a result, she keeps to herself except for interacting with a few friends she has known since childhood. What diagnosis would be most appropriate for Tonya?

a) schizoid personality disorder

b) schizotypal personality disorder

c) avoidant personality disorder

d) dependent personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

74. Social anxiety disorder has a genetic vulnerability in common with and symptoms similar to which personality disorder?

a) schizoid personality disorder

b) dependent personality disorder

c) antisocial personality disorder

d) avoidant personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Analysis

75. Karl relies on his wife to make every decision, from what suits he should buy to which people at work he should get to know better. He feels that he must rely heavily on his wife because he is not competent to carry out these tasks. Which of the following personality disorders would fit Karl?

a) schizoid personality disorder

b) avoidant personality disorder

c) dependent personality disorder

d) borderline personality disorder

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Application

76. Avoidant personality disorder would most likely be treated with which type of psychiatric medication in order to reduce apprehension about social interactions?

a) antianxiety medication

b) antidepressant medication

c) anticonvulsant medication

d) antipsychotic medication

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Application

77. Which therapeutic approach emphasizes the powerful feelings that clients with borderline personality disorder sometimes develop toward their therapists?

a) cognitive behavior therapy

b) mentalization therapy

c) transference-focused therapy

d) dialectical behavior therapy

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

78. Individuals with borderline personality disorder are difficult to treat because

a) their intellectual functioning is too low for them to have true insights.

b) they do not feel distressed, despite being so distressing to others.

c) they have extreme difficulty trusting others, including a therapist.

d) their rigid perfectionism makes them unwilling to acknowledge difficulties.

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

79. Schizotypal personality disorder would most likely be treated with which type of psychiatric medication in order to reduce social anxiety?

a) antianxiety medication

b) antidepressant medication

c) anticonvulsant medication

d) antipsychotic medication

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

80. Dialectical behavior therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder combines

a) psychoeducation including social skills training and free association.

b) ego analysis and more directive and cognitive-behavioral techniques.

c) cognitive-behavioral problem-solving, social skills training, and client-centered empathy.

d) Gestalt techniques and relaxation training that includes meditation.

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

81. Which of the following is emphasized in Linehan’s dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder?

a) systematic assessment before therapy begins

b) calm acceptance of contradictions and acting out

c) focusing on fears of vulnerability in a dangerous, unpredictable world

d) allowing the client unlimited access to the therapist

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments of the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

82. Cognitive theory suggests that which of the following is at the root of personality disorders?

a) genetic vulnerability

b) poor parenting

c) childhood experiences

d) negative beliefs

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

83. The aim of psychodynamic therapy is to help clients

a) avoid all-or-none thinking.

b) acquire appropriate social skills.

c) identify maladaptive beliefs.

d) process childhood experiences.

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments of the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

84. The treatment of choice for personality disorders is

a) medication.

b) medication plus strict regimentation.

c) medication plus psychotherapy.

d) psychotherapy.

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

85. Which type of therapist tries to alter the patient’s present-day views of the childhood problems assumed to underlie the personality disorder?

a) psychodynamic

b) cognitive

c) behavioral

d) psycholinguistic

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Application

86. The most challenging client for a therapist is one diagnosed with

a) borderline personality disorder.

b) avoidant personality disorder.

c) schizotypal personality disorder.

d) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

Question Type: True or False

87. True or false? About 1 out of every 10 people meets the diagnostic criteria for a personality disorder.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

Question Type: Essay

88. Identify and characterize the personality disorder clusters in DSM-5.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

89. Which personality disorder diagnosis has the lowest inter-rater reliability? Why might this be?

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Analysis

90. Discuss two general issues/concerns related to the assessment and diagnosis of personality disorders.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

91. Identify and discuss two problems associated with the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders.

Section Reference: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

92. Outline the alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders, including the five personality trait domains and at least two facets of each domain.

Section Reference: Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

93. Which do you think is the preferable method—the original, categorical model of personality disorders or the alternative model? Explain your choice.

Section References: The DSM-5 Approach to Classification; Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objectives: Explain the DSM-5 approach to classifying personality disorders, and identify key concerns with this approach. Describe the DSM-5 alternative approach to personality diagnosis.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

94. Explain the differences between schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

95. Discuss the differences in reactions to emotional material between individuals with and without antisocial personality disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the dramatic/erratic cluster.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

96. Compare and contrast the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder with the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

97. How are avoidant personality disorder and social anxiety alike? How are they different?

Section Reference: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

98. Compare and contrast schizoid and avoidant personality disorders.

Section References: Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster; Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objectives: Define the key features of each of the personality disorders in the odd/eccentric cluster, as well as biological and social influences on schizotypal personality disorder. Define the key features and etiology of the personality disorders in the anxious/fearful cluster.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

99. Discuss Linehan’s dialectical behavior therapy, and cite research support for it.

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

100. Identify and discuss two psychodynamic approaches to the treatment of borderline personality disorder.

Section Reference: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the available psychological treatments for the DSM-5 personality disorders.

Bloomcode: Evaluation