Chapter 14 Late Life And Neurocognitive Disorders Test Bank

CHAPTER 14

Late Life and Neurocognitive Disorders

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1. Ageism refers to

a) the physical deterioration that accompanies old age.

b) the intellectual deterioration that occurs with age.

c) the diversity present among older adults.

d) prejudice against people based on their age.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

2. The age at which one is considered “old,” currently 65, is based on

a) biological changes.

b) social policy.

c) self-identification.

d) a scientific standard.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

3. Polypharmacy refers to

a) taking medication for more than one disorder.

b) getting medications from multiple pharmacies.

c) getting prescriptions from multiple doctors.

d) prescribing multiple medications to a person.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

4. Most older adults

a) are lonely.

b) are unhappy.

c) are dissatisfied with their lives.

d) have close relationships.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

5. One reason older people may be less unhappy than younger people is that they

a) are better able to regulate their emotions.

b) are withdrawn from much of life and simply do not care.

c) are less able to process complex emotional systems.

d) are unlikely to remember for long what upset them.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

6. It is estimated that, by 2050, there will be how many Americans aged 85 or older?

a) 5 million

b) 10 million

c) 15 million

d) 20 million

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

7. Compared with young people, people over the age of 60 tend to

a) experience more emotional instability.

b) experience less negative emotion.

c) experience more physiological reactivity.

d) report more somatic symptoms.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

8. Perhaps because of beliefs that such symptoms are inevitable parts of aging, older people are likely to underreport

a) mood-related symptoms.

b) somatic symptoms.

c) neurologic symptoms.

d) cognitive symptoms.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

9. Social selectivity refers to

a) cultivating only one’s most important social relationships.

b) restricting one’s social interactions to family members.

c) seeking out new social interactions.

d) seeking out solitary social activities.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

10. The STOPP/START screening tool is used to identify

a) early signs of delirium and dementia.

b) impairments in activities of daily living.

c) signs of significant anxiety or depression.

d) prescriptions that might be dangerous for elderly individuals.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

11. Which of the following statements provides an example of a time-of-measurement effect?

a) Today’s older adults are less likely to seek mental health services because when they were growing up, mental illness was stigmatized.

b) The percentage of elderly adults reporting that they were somewhat or very worried about their health was sharply higher on surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic than it had been in previous surveys.

c) Because of the effects of aging on the brain, older adults do worse than younger adults on measures of “fluid” intelligence.

d) In a longitudinal study, many of the elderly subjects died before the follow-up data could be collected.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Application

12. A group of 40-year-olds is compared to a group of 70-year-olds. This type of research is called

a) longitudinal.

b) time-of-measurement.

c) cross-sectional.

d) cohort effect.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

13. As the hippies of the 1960s reach old age, if research were to find increased drug abuse among older adults, this increase would be a(n)

a) age effect.

b) cohort effect.

c) longitudinal effect.

d) time-of-measurement effect.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Application

14. In cross-sectional research on aging,

a) two age groups are compared at one point in time.

b) people with different mental disorders are compared at one point in time.

c) the same group of people is followed over time.

d) people from different cultures are compared at one point in time.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

15. Longitudinal studies involve

a) testing several different age groups on two or more measures.

b) testing age effects vs. cohort effects in a population.

c) testing one cohort over time.

d) testing time-of-measurement effects.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

16. Which of the following statements illustrates selective mortality?

a) Today’s older adults are less likely to seek mental health services because when they were growing up, mental illness was stigmatized.

b) The percentage of elderly adults reporting that they were somewhat or very worried about their health was sharply higher on surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic than on previous surveys.

c) Because of the effects of aging on the brain, older adults do worse than younger adults on measures of “fluid” intelligence.

d) In a longitudinal study, many of the elderly subjects died before the follow-up data could be collected.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Application

17. What percentage of elderly Americans take five or more prescription medications?

a) 10%

b) 20%

c) 40%

d) 60%

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

18. In the United States, the elderly are defined as individuals who are

a) 50 or older.

b) 55 or older.

c) 60 or older.

d) 65 or older.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

19. In 2009, there were 50,000 people 100 years old; in 2050, there are expected to be

a) 1,000,000.

b) 800,000.

c) 500,000.

d) 250,000.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

20. Countries with a sharp rise in numbers of elderly tend to

a) make a concerted effort to combat ageism.

b) ensure that elders are included in all spheres of life.

c) have generous pensions and health care for the elderly.

d) hold more negative attitudes toward the elderly.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

21. What percentage of people 60 and older have at least one medical condition that causes severe disability?

a) less than one-quarter

b) about one-quarter to one-third

c) about one-third to one-half

d) more than half

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

22. Charlotte, age 71, has hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and asthma. She takes a total of seven prescriptions every day and has two others for occasional use as her symptoms warrant. Which of the following statements best describes Charlotte’s situation?

a) Charlotte is almost certainly taking dangerously large amounts of drugs, and her family should find her a new doctor.

b) Charlotte is experiencing polypharmacy, and she and her health care providers should be aware of the possibility of dangerous drug interactions.

c) Charlotte is probably drug-seeking, and her health care team should evaluate her for substance use disorder.

d) Charlotte is unlikely to be able to manage all those medications on her own, and her family should place her in assisted living.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Application

23. Negative self-views about aging

a) are associated with acceptance of age-related changes.

b) predict psychological but not physical health.

c) reduce the risk of many common chronic illnesses.

d) correlate with biomarkers of dementia.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

24. The consequences of being of a certain chronological age are called

a) age effects.

b) cohort effects.

c) time-of-measurement effects.

d) generational effects.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

25. The consequences of growing up during a particular time period, with its unique challenges and opportunities, are called

a) age effects.

b) cohort effects.

c) time-of-measurement effects.

d) generational effects.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

26. Which of the following is a reason rates of psychopathology appear to be so low among elderly people?

a) Medications used to treat physical illnesses also reduce psychopathology.

b) Neurotransmitters associated with psychopathology decrease with age.

c) People with severe mental illness are at risk for early death.

d) Dementia masks most forms of psychopathology.

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

27. Research suggests that what percentage of older adults with generalized anxiety disorder first experienced symptoms before the age of 65?

a. 67%

b) 77%

c) 87%

d) 97%

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

28. The observation that, in longitudinal studies of psychopathology, people with the disorder being studied may die before people who do not have that disorder is called

a) selective mortality.

b) excess mortality.

c) attributable mortality.

d) cause-specific mortality.

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

29. Which of the following types of disorder has the highest 1-year prevalence among persons 65 and older?

a) anxiety disorders

b) major depressive disorders

c) bipolar disorders

d) substance use disorders

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

30. DSM-5 criteria for disorders in elderly adults

a) are the same as those for younger and middle-aged adults.

b) are modified to take physiologic changes into account.

c) are modified to take cohort effects into account.

d) explicitly state that physical health should not be considered.

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

31. Maria, age 79, visited her primary care physician for routine preventive care and happened to mention that she was feeling very sad and had little hope for her future. She had trouble sleeping and had lost interest in activities she used to enjoy. In deciding whether Maria has major depression, the physician should consider

a) whether her symptoms are better accounted for by a physical disorder or by medication she takes.

b) whether she has sufficient social support to see her through her depression.

c) whether Medicare will pay for the diagnostic evaluation and treatment she might need.

d) whether treatment for depression even makes sense, given her advanced age.

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Application

32. William, age 72, has mild cognitive problems and is being treated for depression. What might it be useful for his service provider to remember?

a) William might benefit from having a caregiver present during psychotherapy.

b) Because of his age, he will require higher doses of antidepressants.

c) Because of his cognitive decline, he might do better with pediatric treatment approaches.

d) William should not receive psychotherapy because it will just confuse him.

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Analysis

33. Deterioration of cognitive abilities among the elderly, to the point that social and occupational functions are impaired, is called

a) senescence.

b) dementia.

c) benign cognitive changes.

d) delirium.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

34. The annual costs associated with dementia are about what percentage of the world’s gross domestic product?

a) 0.1%

b) 1%

c) 2%

d) 5%

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

35. The most prominent symptom of dementia is

a) difficulty remembering things.

b) disorientation.

c) aggressive behavior.

d) depression.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

36. Impairment in which of the following areas is the most prominent symptom of dementia?

a) memory

b) abstract thinking

c) judgment

d) language

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

37. What is often an early sign of Alzheimer’s disease?

a) loss of sensation or motor control on one side of the body

b) difficulty comprehending speech

c) difficulty remembering new material

d) clouded states of consciousness

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

38. Alzheimer’s disease is, in part, the result of

a) age-based slowing of all bodily processes.

b) low social and intellectual stimulation.

c) tangled abnormal protein filaments called neurofibrillary tangles.

d) side effects of long-term medication, such as anti-Parkinson’s medication.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

39. The beta-amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer’s disease are most densely packed in the

a) frontal cortex.

b) sensory cortices.

c) thalamus.

d) cerebellum.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

40. Alzheimer’s disease is partly characterized by

a) plaques between neurons.

b) Pick bodies within neurons.

c) cerebellar deterioration.

d) swelling of the cortex.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

41. Plaques, which develop as part of Alzheimer’s disease, are

a) protein deposits that are outside neurons.

b) cholesterol deposits from poor diet.

c) composed of serotonin and fatty deposits.

d) equivalent to neurofibrillary tangles.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

42. Having one 4 allele increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease to about

a) 10%.

b) 15%.

c) 20%.

d) 25%.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

43. The observation that intellectual activity seems to protect against the expression of underlying neurobiological disease led to the concept of

a) limited phenotypes.

b) neuroplasticity.

c) genetic knock-out.

d) cognitive reserve.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Analysis

44. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is characterized by

a) relatively slow decline but not death.

b) disturbances in acetylcholine activity.

c) problems with executive function.

d) minor neuropsychological changes.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

45. The cognitive symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies

a) gradually become more severe.

b) become more severe in a stepwise fashion.

c) may fluctuate.

d) rapidly become more severe.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

46. The symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies are similar to those of

a) Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s.

b) Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia.

c) Huntington’s and Parkinson’s.

d) Huntington’s and Alzheimer’s.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

47. Vascular dementias are most commonly caused by

a) meningitis.

b) encephalitis.

c) HIV.

d) strokes.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

48. Standard treatment for Alzheimer’s disease is intended to

a) halt symptom progression.

b) reverse symptom progression.

c) restore normal functioning.

d) slow symptom progression.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

49. Psychological treatments for individuals with Alzheimer’s

a) focus on helping individuals admit to their cognitive deficiencies and limitations.

b) are usually psychodynamic or humanistic in orientation.

c) focus on helping patients and families deal with the effects of the disease.

d) can slow or even reverse many of the cognitive declines.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

50. Research suggests that what percentage of caregivers of individuals with dementia will develop depression or anxiety?

a) 10%

b) 20%

c) 30%

d) 40%

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

51. Jane, age 86, has dementia and is cared for by her niece. With the help of a case manager, her niece has arranged for Jane to stay at a local nursing home for a week. This will ensure that Jane is safe and cared for while her niece takes a break from the stress of caregiving. This type of temporary placement is called

a) informal commitment.

b) respite care.

c) patient placement.

d) trans-institutionalization.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Application

52. The idea that some people may be able to compensate for neurocognitive diseases by using alternative brain networks or cognitive strategies that make cognitive symptoms less pronounced is called

a) cognitive reserve.

b) cognitive adjustment.

c) mental compensation.

d) mental plasticity.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

53. A state of great mental confusion is called

a) deterioration.

b) delirium.

c) deregulation.

d) dehiscence.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

54. Delirium can be distinguished from dementia in part because delirium is characterized by

a) sudden onset.

b) cognitive confusion.

c) memory problems.

d) poor judgment.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Analysis

55. After heart surgery, 70-year-old Mrs. Bee seemed distractible and disoriented. She did not even recognize her husband when he came visit her, and she accused hospital personnel of trying to harm her. Which of the following disorders best fits Mrs. Bee’s symptoms?

a) delusional disorder

b) early dementia

c) delirium

d) depression

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Application

56. The hallmark symptom of delirium is extreme

a) emotional dysregulation.

b) memory deficits.

c) difficulty in problem solving.

d) difficulty focusing attention.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

57. Stress associated with surgery is a common precipitant for

a) Alzheimer’s disease.

b) delirium.

c) Parkinson's disease.

d) hydrocephalus.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

58. In a medical record review study of hospitalized older adults with clear symptoms of delirium, hospital notes did not indicate delirium for

a) about 25%.

b) about a third.

c) about half.

d) about 75%.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

59. Delirium that is not treated

a) resolves itself.

b) reoccurs.

c) can be fatal.

d) progresses into dementia.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

60. Who is at highest risk of delirium?

a) an 82-year-old with dementia who has just had surgery to repair a broken hip

b) a healthy 76-year-old who is in the hospital for elective cosmetic surgery

c) a previously healthy 61-year-old who had an outpatient screening colonoscopy

d) a 43-year-old with a history of smoking who is in the hospital for penumonia

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

61. The DSM-5 criteria for delirium include

a) disturbance in spinal and higher cortical reflexes.

b) symptoms that respond to antipsychotics.

c) comorbid dementia or stroke.

d) evidence that symptoms are caused by a medical condition.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

62. The difference between dementia and delirium is that

a) dementia is a gradual deterioration.

b) delirium is characterized by memory deficits.

c) dementia is explained by another medical condition.

d) delirium is not responsive to treatment.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

63. One of the most common triggers of delirium is

a) surgery.

b) loneliness.

c) loss of employment.

d) bereavement.

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

Question Type: True or False

64. True or false? The burden of dementia begins to outweigh the burden of other mental disorders, including substance use disorders, around age 60.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

65. True or false? Becoming feeble and befuddled is not an inevitable part of old age.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

66. True or false? The older we get, the more lonely we are likely to become.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

67. True or false? In humans, the speed of information processing peaks at about 25 years of age.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

68. True or false? Elderly people are more skilled at regulating their emotions than are younger people.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

69. True or false? The amount of social activities that older people engage in is directly related to their personal happiness.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

70. True or false? When we have less time ahead of us, we tend to place a lower value on emotional intimacy.

a) True

b) False

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

Question Type: Essay

71. Describe cohort effects, time-of-measurement effects, and age effects. How do these issues affect research with older adults?

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Analysis

72. Identify two myths of aging, and provide evidence against them.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

73. Discuss the problem of polypharmacy, and propose two approaches to minimizing this problem.

Section Reference: Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Differentiate common misconceptions from established findings about age-related changes, and discuss methodological issues involved in conducting research on aging.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

74. Discuss depression in late life, including its presentation and treatment as well as its prevalence.

Section Reference: Psychological Disorders in Late Life

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the prevalence of psychological disorders in the elderly and issues involved in estimating the prevalence.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

75. Distinguish between dementia and delirium.

Section References: Dementia; Delirium

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objectives: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia. List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

76. Compare and contrast the symptoms associated with frontotemporal dementia and vascular dementia.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

77. Discuss two psychological treatment options for people with dementia and their families.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia. Bloomcode: Synthesis

78. Discuss the use of medication in individuals with dementia.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

79. Discuss the progression of Alzheimer’s disease symptoms from onset to death.

Section Reference: Dementia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of differing forms of dementia.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

80. What steps should hospitals take in the prevention and treatment of delirium?

Section Reference: Delirium

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: List the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of delirium.

Bloomcode: Synthesis