Foreign Policy Exam PrepChapter 18 Foreign Policy Exam Prep

Test Bank

Chapter 18: Foreign Policy

Multiple Choice

1. An example of an intergovernmental organization is ______.

a. the United Nations

b. Greenpeace

c. the U.S. State Department

d. General Motors

e. al Qaeda

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Understanding Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

2. The policy that says the United States should put its interests first and not interfere in global concerns is known as ______.

a. the Reagan Doctrine

b. manifest destiny

c. “One Hemisphere”

d. isolationism

e. “America First”

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

3. Greenpeace and Amnesty International are examples of ______.

a. think tanks

b. intergovernmental organizations

c. nongovernmental organizations

d. bilateral organizations

e. multinational corporations

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Understanding Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

4. Nike and Microsoft are examples of ______.

a. bilateral corporations

b. intergovernmental corporations

c. multinational corporations

d. think tanks

e. international monetary-funding organizations

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Understanding Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

5. The Cold War policy of the United States that sought to prevent the spread of communism was known as ______.

a. isolationism

b. rollback

c. containment

d. the domino theory

e. détente

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Post–Cold War Setting of American Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

6. One enormous roadblock to the American public holding their politicians responsible for what they do in foreign policy is that most Americans ______.

a. pay precious little attention to international issues

b. respect Congress as an institution

c. are conditioned to question their politicians as politely as possible

d. dislike whistleblowers and the sordid information that they reveal

e. don’t understand the intricate complexities of foreign policy design

Learning Objective: 18.6: Describe the tension between national security and democracy and what it means for citizens.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Citizens and Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

7. The Cold War refers to ______.

a. the Korean War

b. the half century of tension between the Soviet Union and the United States following World War II

c. the relationship between the United States and Cuba resulting from the mutual embargoes placed on one another

d. a pause in a war

e. a stalemate in foreign policy that is a prelude to war

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Post–Cold War Setting of American Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

8. Which president used the analogy of the “evil empire” to refer to the Soviet Union?

a. Bill Clinton

b. Ronald Reagan

c. Richard Nixon

d. George W. Bush

e. John Kennedy

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Post–Cold War Setting of American Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

9. Foreign policy that lays out a country’s basic stance toward international actors or issues is ______.

a. foreign economic policy

b. structural defense policy

c. crisis policy

d. strategic policy

e. conflict resolution policy

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Types of Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

10. Crisis policy, strategic policy, and structural defense policy are ______.

a. regulated by the United Nations

b. the three major types of foreign policy

c. the exclusive domain of the president

d. the exclusive domain of Congress

e. the three major types of domestic policy

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Types of Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

11. The U.S. response to the September 11 terrorist attacks is an example of ______.

a. partisan defense policy

b. structural defense policy

c. crisis policy

d. strategic policy

e. preemption

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Types of Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

12. Crisis policy is most likely formulated by ______.

a. the president and a small group of advisers

b. the president and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee

c. the military and the Defense Department bureaucracy

d. the president with the advice and consent of Congress

e. Congress and interest groups

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

13. Strategic policy, such as the United States’ use of containment, tends to be developed by ______.

a. the Defense Department and the congressional leadership

b. all three branches of government

c. the president and congressional leaders

d. Congress and interest groups

e. the executive branch

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

14. The relationship between the president and Congress in foreign policy has become a struggle because ______.

a. Congress is jealous of presidential prerogatives in this area

b. electoral pressures make such a struggle inevitable

c. both have constitutional powers in this area

d. a partisan divide exists between the president and Congress

e. both seek to get the approval of the public

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

15. A key problem in the relationship between Congress and the president concerning war powers stems from the fact that ______.

a. they each have the power to declare war

b. only the president can order troops overseas

c. the president has preempted congressional control over the military

d. the president is commander-in-chief, but Congress has the power to declare war

e. the courts refuse to rule on the issue

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

16. The president’s inner circle of foreign-policy advisers that includes such people as the secretaries of state and defense and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the ______.

a. War Cabinet

b. National Security Council

c. White House Foreign Policy Section

d. American Foreign Policy Agency

e. Foreign Relations Council

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

17. The State Department is the executive department charged with managing ______.

a. military affairs

b. foreign affairs

c. Medicaid and Medicare

d. parks and forests

e. relations between the U.S. states

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

18. The Department of Defense is charged with ______.

a. manufacturing expensive and secret weapons

b. managing the country’s military personnel, equipment, and operations

c. conducting espionage

d. advising the president on how to execute his or her powers as commander-in-chief

e. developing American foreign policy

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

19. Agencies responsible for obtaining and interpreting information about various nations around the world are part of ______.

a. the intelligence community

b. the military community

c. defense agencies

d. academies

e. foreign-policy agencies

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

20. The Department of Homeland Security is the executive branch agency responsible for ______.

a. coordinating fire and police departments

b. military affairs

c. coordinating all government efforts to make the United States secure against terrorism

d. coordinating all intelligence analysis

e. domestic spying

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

21. Concerning declarations of war, the ______.

a. power to declare war rests with the president only

b. National Security Council votes to declare war

c. U.N. Security Council declares war and the United States follows

d. president, with the advice and consent of the Senate, declares war

e. power to declare war rests with Congress alone

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

22. The ______ was Congress’s attempt to limit the president’s ability to use troops in hostilities without congressional approval.

a. War Powers Act

b. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

c. National Defense Act

d. Helms-Burton Act

e. Presidential Limitations Act

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

23. Under the War Powers Act, ______.

a. all involvement of troops overseas must be approved jointly by Congress and the president

b. the president must inform the congressional leadership whenever troops die in combat

c. the president must have the consent of Congress to commit troops to any military action

d. the president must inform Congress when forces are ordered into hostilities

e. the president does not have authority to use troops overseas unless Congress has made a declaration of war

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

24. Congress tried to play a more active role in foreign affairs following ______.

a. the Vietnam War

b. the Korean War

c. World War I

d. World War II

e. September 11, 2001

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

25. The term hegemon refers to ______.

a. the dominant actor in world politics

b. international conflict

c. international coalitions

d. the code name for the invasion of Iraq

e. an action by multinational organizations, such as NATO

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

26. American foreign-policy goals have traditionally included the promotion of ______.

a. free trade and capitalism

b. environmentalism and trade embargoes of enemies

c. military force and gunboat diplomacy

d. markets and anarchy

e. social issues and free trade

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

27. Comparing the foreign-policy approaches of presidents Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan, we see that ______.

a. both were strongly driven by moralist goals, even though they often adopted different foreign policies

b. both were mostly concerned with nuclear policy

c. Carter was more concerned with moral considerations, whereas Reagan was more of a pragmatist

d. both were strongly pragmatic in foreign-policy issues

e. Reagan was more concerned with moral considerations, whereas Carter was more of a pragmatist

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

28. Countries of the world today are more interdependent in terms of ______.

a. human rights

b. economics

c. militaries

d. politics

e. diplomacy

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

29. An economic system in which countries exchange goods without imposing excessive tariffs and taxes is known as ______.

a. free trade

b. international trade

c. capitalism

d. an international monetary system

e. democratic socialism

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

30. Barriers to trade, such as tariffs to protect domestic products, reflect the doctrine of ______.

a. border control

b. isolationism

c. protectionism

d. collective security

e. free trade

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

31. The United States grants most favored nation status to ______.

a. show good faith in our dealings with other nations

b. promote free trade

c. create military allies

d. allow immigration between the two nations

e. ease diplomatic tensions

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

32. The Bretton Woods economic system was designed after World War II to ______.

a. regulate international economics and help Europe recover from the war

b. stop the spread of communism

c. ensure the future of Social Security

d. bring the Eastern bloc under Soviet domination

e. partner with NATO to spread U.S. influence in the world

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

33. The ______ makes large, long-term loans meant to help build and rebuild the infrastructure of countries.

a. International Monetary Fund

b. World Trade Organization

c. World Bank

d. U.N. Development Fund

e. World Savings and Loan Association

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

34. The World Trade Organization (WTO) evolved into being from the ______.

a. International Trade Association

b. North American Free Trade Zone

c. Committee on Mutual Economic Assistance

d. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

e. European Union

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

35. The American media’s reporting of foreign news ______.

a. has been made easier because of blogs and the Internet

b. is decreasing

c. has remained stable since World War II

d. is increasing and of better quality due to improvements in telecommunications technology

e. is increasing

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

36. The relationship between the media and government in the area of foreign policy is ______.

a. a two-way street

b. based on a closed-door policy

c. nonexistent

d. a one-way street from government to the media

e. based on an open-door policy

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

37. Due to the rapid nature of its development, it is reasonable to assume that average Americans have the least amount of input into and information about the creation of ______ policy.

a. structural defense

b. crisis

c. strategic

d. cybersecurity

e. containment

Learning Objective: 18.6: Describe the tension between national security and democracy and what it means for citizens.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Citizens and Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

38. Maintaining military might in order to prevent another state from taking a certain action, such as the U.S. nuclear policy vis-à-vis the Soviets, is known as ______.

a. deterrence

b. compellence

c. exclusionism

d. coercive diplomacy

e. protectionism

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

39. The post–Gulf War actions of the United States and its allies in forcing Iraq to stop producing its weapons of mass destruction and to destroy those it may have already had is an example of a ______.

a. destabilization policy

b. deterrence policy

c. containment

d. weapon evacuation policy

e. compellence policy

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

40. Diplomacy is ______.

a. any attempt to get a foreign nation to act in a certain way

b. an informal relationship between nations to resolve conflicts and promote peaceful coexistence

c. best when backed up by force

d. the sum total of relations between different nations

e. the formal system of communications and negotiations between countries

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

41. Providing foreign aid to another country in order to get a specific course of action from that country is an example of ______.

a. a quid pro quo policy

b. a behavior modification policy

c. compellence

d. a carrot policy

e. most favored nation treatment

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

42. Undercover actions in which a country tries to appear to have no role are known as ______.

a. overt operations

b. snake eye diplomacy

c. deterrence

d. covert operations

e. double dealing

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

43. The plan to help European economies recover after World War II was named the ______.

a. Marshall Plan

b. Truman Doctrine

c. Eisenhower Doctrine

d. Berlin Plan

e. Shuman Plan

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

44. Barbour and Wright would likely maintain that foreign policymaking is ______.

a. transparent and open to public inspection

b. primarily an elite activity

c. the result of interest group compromise

d. wholly insulated from public opinion

e. largely an afterthought for most rank-and-file members of Congress

Learning Objective: 18.6: Describe the tension between national security and democracy and what it means for citizens.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Citizens and Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

45. ______ is an example of using economic sanctions as a foreign-policy tool.

a. Détente

b. Offering most favored nation status

c. An embargo

d. A U.N. resolution

e. Deterrence

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

46. The U.S. military strategy of having a three-pronged nuclear capability from land, sea, and air is known as ______.

a. mutual mass destruction

b. the Eisenhower Doctrine

c. Operation Tripod

d. the Manhattan Project

e. the nuclear triad

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

47. The expectation that a reduction in defense spending will create more funds for other programs is known as ______.

a. Clinton Doctrine

b. peace dividend

c. Green Revolution

d. Bush Doctrine

e. new world order

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

48. Nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons are sometimes grouped together and called ______.

a. weapons of mass confusion

b. conventional weapons

c. terror weapons

d. weapons of mass destruction

e. the axis of evil

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

49. A rogue state is one that ______.

a. has been kicked out of the United Nations for human rights violations

b. either breaks a formally approved treaty or consistently violates principles of international law

c. breaks international norms and tries to develop, sell, or use weapons of mass destruction

d. starts an unprovoked war with a neighboring state

e. continues to practice socialism

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

50. Violence that targets unarmed civilians to produce fear that will lead to policy change is called ______.

a. torture

b. conventional war

c. terrorism

d. operations other than war

e. special operations

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

51. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a ______.

a. proposed European trading bloc to have a single currency and no tariffs between members

b. group that was dismantled after the fall of the Soviet Union

c. multinational organization formed in 1949 to promote the Cold War defense of Europe from the Communist bloc

d. post–World War II organization of the former allied powers to ensure peace within Europe

e. regional peacekeeping force under the auspices of the United Nations

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International and Homegrown Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

52. When Russian hackers allegedly attacked the Democratic National Committee’s email servers during the 2016 presidential campaign and released embarrassing emails from them to the public, this incident raised serious ______ questions for many Americans.

a. propaganda

b. cybersecurity

c. superterrorism

d. preemption

e. strategic policy

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: International and Homegrown Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

53. In terms of democracy and foreign policy, executive agencies with foreign-policy authority are ______.

a. the least democratic and the least accountable

b. too conservative

c. still too concerned with the communist challenge to American democratic ideals

d. not adequately trained for the nature of the challenges

e. democratic and accountable under the Freedom of Information Act

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Citizens and Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

54. George H. W. Bush employed the American military in the fight against illegal drugs when he authorized the invasion of ______.

a. Somalia

b. Iraq

c. Grenada

d. Panama

e. Syria

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

55. A reasonable explanation for why environmental issues like global warming can be labeled as transnational is that ______.

a. pollutants do not recognize borders, so solutions to pollution issues must cross them

b. only the United States, as the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world, can solve this issue

c. the science behind global warming remains contested in the climate science community

d. political, scientific and economic solutions to these issues are necessary to address them

e. funding for solutions to these problems must come predominantly from major industrialized nations

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

56. The military alliance that opposed the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War was ______.

a. the European Union

b. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON)

c. the Arab League.

d. NATO

e. NAFTA

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International and Homegrown Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

57. An example of counterterrorism is ______.

a. hardening federal buildings against terrorist attacks

b. seizing terrorists’ financial assets

c. training TSA agents to spot bombs in luggage

d. installing better metal detectors at sports stadiums

e. placing barriers in front of major office buildings

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

58. The country of Square routinely violates international norms by funding terrorists and selling weapons of mass destruction technology to unstable regimes. Square could thus be appropriately labeled as a ______ state.

a. rogue

b. developmental

c. totalitarian

d. failed

e. terrorist

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

59. Weapons of mass destruction are particularly feared because they ______.

a. have no psychological effect beyond the deaths they cause

b. cannot be defended against

c. are simple to access and use

d. can kill large numbers of people at once

e. are easy to transport and hide

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

60. Individuals who rely on terrorism to make their political points ______.

a. always have state sponsorship

b. usually face an opponent much stronger than they are

c. are likely to utilize sophisticated tactics and weapons to assault their opponents

d. never possess religious motivations for their actions

e. generally experience little success in failed states

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

True/False

1. The tension between foreign policy and democracy is unavoidable.

Learning Objective: 18.6: Describe the tension between national security and democracy and what it means for citizens.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Citizens and Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

2. The passage of the USA Patriot Act made it more difficult for Americans to know what their government was doing in terms of foreign policymaking.

Learning Objective: 18.6: Describe the tension between national security and democracy and what it means for citizens.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Citizens and Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

3. Secrecy in American foreign policymaking became less strict immediately after the September 11 terrorist attacks.

Learning Objective: 18.6: Describe the tension between national security and democracy and what it means for citizens.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Citizens and Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

4. Even though NATO was formed as a Cold War tool to stop Soviet expansionism, it continues to exist and admit new members today.

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International and Homegrown Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

5. Antiterrorism measures would include bombing terrorist training sites.

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: American Foreign Policy Today

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

6. After the end of the Cold War, the United States abandoned the nuclear triad.

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

7. Under international law, countries may not deploy propaganda against other countries’ citizens.

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

8. Calling the United States a “hegemon” implies that it is the dominant actor in world politics.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

9. On principle, the United States has refused to have close relationships with countries that routinely violate human rights.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

10. The Department of Agriculture plays a small role in determining America’s foreign policy.

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

Short Answer

1. What roles in foreign policy does the Constitution assign to the presidency?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

2. What foreign policy powers does Congress have?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

3. What was the primary aim of President Obama’s foreign policy?

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Types of Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

4. What is President Trump’s “America First” policy?

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Types of Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

5. What obstacles do presidents often face when making foreign policy?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

6. What role does the State Department play in foreign policy?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

7. What is the primary job of the secretary of defense?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

8. What individuals constitute the Joint Chiefs of Staff?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

9. In what ways does the intelligence community collect, organize, and analyze information?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

10. What are the primary responsibilities of the National Security Agency?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Makes American Foreign Policy?

Difficulty Level: Easy

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

Essay

1. Define the terms intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and multinational corporations and explain the role of each in world politics.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Understanding Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

2. What are the three main types of foreign policy? Define them and give an example of each.

Learning Objective: 18.1: Identify the basic goals and types of foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Types of Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

3. The Constitution is sometimes called an “invitation to struggle” in the area of foreign policy because it gives some foreign-policy power to Congress and some to the president. Discuss this struggle. What overlaps exist? How have presidents gotten the upper hand? And how has Congress tried to restrain the president since the Vietnam War?

Learning Objective: 18.2: Explain the roles of the president, the executive branch, and Congress in making foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Key Foreign Policy Agencies

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

4. Anarchy and interdependence seem like contradictory conditions. Define each, and explain how they can both exist at the same time in world affairs.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

5. Describe the role of the media in U.S. foreign policy.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

6. What is the difference between compellence and deterrence? Give an example of each.

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

7. What economic instruments does the United States use in the area of foreign policy to try to punish or reward other states?

Learning Objective: 18.4: Describe the strategies and instruments used to address foreign policy issues.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Strategies: How Do We Solve Foreign Policy Problems?

Difficulty Level: Medium

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

8. The United States is a republic, but what role does the public play in foreign policy? How do interest groups and the media help connect the public to foreign policy?

Learning Objective: 18.5: Summarize the foreign policy challenges facing the United States today.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Types of Foreign Policy

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

9. What role do the underlying tensions of global activism, moral values, and conflicting goals play in American foreign policy?

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.

10. Describe the role of economic interdependence and the Bretton Woods agreement in shaping foreign policy.

Learning Objective: 18.3: Explain how global and domestic pressures shape American foreign policy.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: How Do We Define a Foreign Policy Problem?

Difficulty Level: Hard

TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.