Chapter 16 Test Bank Docx Social And Environmental Policy - Test Bank | Keeping the Republic 9e by Barbour by Christine Barbour. DOCX document preview.
Test Bank
Chapter 16: Social and Environmental Policy
Multiple Choice
1. Public policy can be defined as a(n) ______.
a. government plan of action to solve a social problem
b. ruling made by the Supreme Court that addresses a social problem
c. agreement between the president and Congress to take a certain course of action
d. government plan of action passed only by legislatures
e. partisan compromise on some issue
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
2. Which of the following is NOT a reason why solving public problems can be difficult?
a. People usually don’t have an interest in solving public problems.
b. Solutions to public problems can create new problems.
c. Solutions to public problems often cost money.
d. Public problems are complex.
e. A variety of voices and opinions are involved
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
3. Policies that seek to shift resources from the “haves” to the “have-nots” are known as ______.
a. redistributive
b. distributive
c. regulatory
d. subsidies
e. superfunds
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
4. Redistributive policies are relatively rare because ______.
a. the United States is not a socialist country
b. there is little need for them
c. those who are the beneficiaries do not want them
d. those who must pay for them are much better equipped to fight political battles than are potential beneficiaries
e. the United States cannot afford them
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
5. Distributive policies are popular because ______.
a. their costs are widely distributed but their benefits go to a specific group
b. their costs are low
c. the projects supported by such spending are rarely of questionable value
d. they benefit the needy
e. they benefit everyone
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
6. Which of the following pairs correctly matches a type of policy with a specific case of that type?
a. redistributive policy and Social Security
b. regulatory policy and Head Start
c. distributive policy and Supplemental Security Income
d. regulatory policy and a gas tax
e. regulatory policy and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
7. Corporate welfare is an example of a ______.
a. policy that provides incentives to encourage certain behavior
b. revenue policy designed to raise funds for a specific group
c. regulatory policy that benefits only the “have nots”
d. private policy that has little social benefit
e. redistributive policy that is generally popular with all economic classes
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
8. Distributive policies can be problematic because they ______.
a. tend to be popular but can lead to wasteful spending
b. place undue burdens on businesses, making it more difficult for them to make a profit
c. help only the poor but are paid for by the wealthy
d. are often extremely controversial and lead to great partisan division during their passage
e. apply only to the elderly, which upsets those who have to pick up the costs
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
9. Which of the following is an example of redistributive policy?
a. the Federal-Aid Highway Act
b. the Hope Scholarship
c. the Clean Air Act
d. the Hawley-Smoot Act
e. Head Start
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
10. An example of a redistributive policy is ______.
a. Medicaid
b. trade policy
c. corporate welfare
d. environmental policy
e. farm subsidies
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
11. An example of a distributive policy is ______.
a. welfare
b. emissions regulations
c. a law restricting the use of the death penalty
d. farm subsidies
e. antidrug laws
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
12. Pork barrel legislation is an example of a ______ policy.
a. regulatory
b. redistributive
c. social welfare
d. distributive
e. private
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
13. The politics surrounding the creation of regulatory policies are ______.
a. highly confrontational
b. the source of pork barrel politics
c. redistributive politics
d. distributive politics
e. very popular with their target groups
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
14. Regulatory policy differs from other public policies in that it ______.
a. is very costly
b. restricts behavior
c. is easy for Congress to pass
d. is favored by Republicans but disapproved of by Democrats
e. is paid for by all taxpayers
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
15. The bureaucracy makes policy through ______.
a. its power to regulate
b. statutory law
c. executive orders
d. injunctions
e. subpoenas
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
16. The second step in the policy process is ______.
a. policy evaluation
b. policy formulation
c. policy implementation
d. policy adoption
e. agenda setting
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
17. Which of the following would be an example of a triggering event?
a. the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001
b. stem cell research
c. the decline of public school education
d. widespread poverty
e. the deprivation of a specific group’s civil rights
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
18. Which of the following, do the authors argue, is essential to the success of a policy?
a. agenda setting
b. adoption
c. implementation
d. formulation
e. evaluation
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
19. The creation of a regulation by a bureaucratic agency would be an example of ______.
a. agenda setting
b. policy evaluation
c. policy implementation
d. policy formulation
e. policy adoption
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
20. Policy implementation is more likely to be successful if all but which of the following conditions is present?
a. The law has clear, unambiguous goals.
b. Congress has provided sufficient funding and staffing resources.
c. The policy enjoys the support of policymakers, agency officials, and the public.
d. The policy involves federal, state, and local governments.
e. The bureaucrats who have to implement the policy agree with it.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
21. Public policies are evaluated using all of the following standards EXCEPT ______.
a. whether they are efficient
b. whether they are socially acceptable
c. whether they are feasible
d. whether they are equitable
e. whether policymakers want them to succeed
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
22. The two political actors who dominate policy evaluation are ______.
a. policy analysts inside and outside government
b. interest groups and the president
c. interest groups and Congress
d. interest groups and the media
e. Congress and the president
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
23. The last step in the policymaking process is policy ______.
a. evaluation
b. implementation
c. adoption
d. formulation
e. completion
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
24. All of the following statements concerning the making of policy are true EXCEPT ______.
a. Congress sometimes makes a policy through a bundle of several laws.
b. Presidents have made profound changes in policy through executive orders.
c. Policies are best thought of as the product of the actions of one branch of government.
d. Bureaucracies make policy though their power to regulate.
e. The courts take a policymaking role when they rule on what government can or cannot do.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
25. The income level below which a family is considered to be poor is the ______.
a. social insurance level
b. poverty level
c. homelessness index
d. social-welfare threshold
e. poverty threshold
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
26. Public policy that seeks to meet the basic needs of people who are unable to provide for themselves is ______ policy.
a. civil rights
b. social welfare
c. regulatory
d. distributive
e. fiscal
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
27. A(n) ________ program is a social program whose beneficiaries qualify by demonstrating need.
a. exclusive-need
b. qualified-need
c. entitlement
d. subsidy
e. means-tested
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
28. Social insurance programs refer to ______.
a. programs funded by only one group of taxpayers that are distributed only to noncitizens
b. programs that protect people from losing their homes during a natural disaster
c. government programs that offer benefits in exchange for contributions
d. programs designed to restrict or change the behavior of certain groups or individuals
e. private welfare programs in which companies collect premiums in return for job insurance
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
29. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding poverty in America?
a. A smaller percentage of children live in poverty in the United States than in other western industrialized nations.
b. The poverty rate in the United States is generally around 14.8 percent.
c. Fewer married families live in poverty than do single-household families.
d. Black and Hispanic female-headed single-household families are the most likely to live in poverty.
e. More than 21 percent of American children live in poverty
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
30. Which of the following is an example of a social welfare policy?
a. voting rights laws
b. environmental laws
c. anticrime laws
d. TANF
e. consumer protection laws
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
31. Most social welfare policies are ______.
a. entitlement programs
b. regulatory policies
c. private policies
d. redistributive policies
e. distributive policies
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficultly Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
32. ______ is an example of a social insurance program.
a. TANF
b. Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)
c. Medicare
d. Head Start
e. Medicaid
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
33. Which of the following is one solution for making the Social Security Trust Fund sustainable?
a. cutting benefit levels
b. decreasing Social Security taxes
c. lifting the $90,000 cap on Social Security taxes
d. taking Medicaid out of the program
e. maintaining the retirement age
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
34. Critics of President George W. Bush’s proposal to create private Social Security accounts argued that such accounts would ______.
a. potentially end Social Security as a guarantor of a secure retirement
b. benefit the poor more than the wealthy
c. be unfair to the young
d. raise Social Security taxes
e. force people to retire earlier
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
35. Social Security is, in essence, a(n) ______.
a. forced savings program
b. redistributive policy
c. traditional insurance program
d. outdated, ineffectual policy
e. type of subsidy
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
36. A federal program that guarantees benefits to qualified recipients is a(n) ______ program.
a. welfare
b. mandated
c. means-tested
d. entitlement
e. distributive
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
37. If nothing changes in the Social Security program the fund will run out of money in ______.
a. 2020
b. 2026
c. 2036
d. 2019
e. 2034
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
38. President Herbert Hoover’s response to the Great Depression was to ______.
a. create limited programs to help the poor and unemployed
b. suggest charity and volunteerism as a solution but not government involvement
c. create Social Security
d. propose welfare assistance
e. develop jobs creation programs, such as the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
39. The Great Depression had a significant impact on American public policy because ______.
a. the government realized that it had to eliminate environmental restrictions on businesses to help them prosper, which set back efforts to pass stronger environmental policies
b. it was the first time that education subsidies were provided to the middle class
c. for the first time, people began to view poverty as a problem requiring government action
d. the government put more pressure on churches and businesses to help eradicate poverty
e. the federal government passed a universal health care plan
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
40. In a comparison between American and European programs that provide assistance to the “have-nots” of society, ______.
a. European countries have more programs to assist the have-nots
b. European countries have mimicked almost every assistance program designed by the United States
c. the United States has more programs to assist the have-nots
d. the United States has more programs to assist the have-nots but spends less money on these programs
e. both have very similar programs in terms of goals and amount of money spent
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
41. A major criticism of AFDC was that ______.
a. it had no work provision
b. families were able to receive aid only for a short period of time
c. the aid to most families was not sufficient to meet basic needs
d. too many poor people received no aid
e. benefits did not increase with family size
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
42. ______ is a welfare program of block grants to states that encourages recipients to work in exchange for time-limited benefits.
a. Head Start
b. TANF
c. Superfund
d. Medicaid
e. AFDC
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
43. People have criticized TANF because they argue that ______.
a. the employment rate for single mothers has declined
b. wages are often too low to lift people out of poverty
c. almost none of the welfare recipients have been able to hold a job
d. states rarely meet their goal of putting 50 percent of single parents to work for 30 hours per week
e. it has failed to lower the welfare rolls
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
44. Prior to the health care reform that was passed in 2010, the government’s role in health care was limited to ______.
a. Medicare and Medicaid
b. universal health care
c. no involvement at all
d. AFDC
e. Social Security
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
45. The federal government’s insurance program for the elderly and disabled is called ______.
a. AFDC
b. Medicaid
c. Medicare
d. American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
e. TANF
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
46. The biggest obstacle to a system of national health care in the United States is that ______.
a. some fear that it would be far more expensive in terms of GDP than the current system
b. the American public is very satisfied with the current system
c. patients’ advocacy groups fear that they would lose their freedom to choose better care
d. such a policy runs counter to American political culture
e. a national health care system was tried during the Great Depression and was a total failure
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
47. A ______ is a financial incentive given by the government to corporations, individuals, or other governments.
a. handout
b. bribe
c. monetary benefit
d. redistribution
e. subsidy
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
48. Which of the following groups benefit the most from corporate welfare?
a. universities
b. car manufacturers
c. beer distributors
d. technology firms
e. agribusiness
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
49. Although poor people have a stake in their own economic security, they have often lost political battles because ______.
a. Congress has stopped listening to their often outrageous demands
b. public opinion consistently opposes programs to help the poor
c. no groups lobby for the interests of the poor
d. they are small in number
e. they are less likely to have the political skills needed to pressure elected officials
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
50. The publication of Silent Spring is significant because it was ______.
a. the first time that someone had criticized corporate welfare
b. one of the first books to note that Social Security would be bankrupt if it was not reformed
c. partly responsible for the elimination of AFDC
d. one the first books to make a case for universal health care in the United States
e. a triggering event for the government to create environmental policy
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
51. Alaska’s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge was opened to oil drilling at the urging of which president?
a. Barack Obama
b. George H. W. Bush
c. Bill Clinton
d. George W. Bush
e. Donald Trump
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
52. Which of the following is NOT a proposed solution to American dependence on foreign oil?
a. raising the gas tax
b. increasing the mileage standards for cars and trucks
c. finding alternatives to using oil for energy
d. drilling for more domestic oil
e. invading an oil-rich country and taking control of its oil
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
53. The observation that many interest groups can play a role in influencing the outcome of domestic policymaking is an example of ______ at work.
a. rational choice theory
b. direct democracy
c. participatory democracy
d. pluralist theory
e. elitist theory
Learning Objective: 16.4: Describe the degree to which policymaking reflects public opinion.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Citizens and Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
54. The purpose of environmental policy is to ______.
a. improve the quality of the natural world
b. regulate the economy to ensure constant growth
c. guarantee social and economic equality
d. secure the United States against foreign enemies
e. placate those who believe global warming is human-made
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
55. The example that Barbour and Wright employ to illustrate the influence of interest groups on American domestic policymaking is that the rules for ______.
a. student loan eligibility should probably be loosened but have not been because major banks object
b. purchasing guns ought to be strengthened but have not been due to the National Rifle Association (NRA)’s lobbying
c. Social Security eligibility should likely be tightened but have not been due to AARP’s efforts
d. automotive emissions ought to be eased but have not due to outcry from car manufacturers
e. Medicare and Medicaid should be revamped but have not due to lobbying from AARP
Learning Objective: 16.4: Describe the degree to which policymaking reflects public opinion.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Citizens and Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
56. Barbour and Wright argue that individual Americans influence public policy through their ______.
a. letters to the editor and discussion board posts
b. participation in elections and public opinion polls
c. contributions to political parties and individual candidates
d. apathy and disconnection from politics
e. refusal to participate in many interest groups
Learning Objective: 16.4: Describe the degree to which policymaking reflects public opinion.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Citizens and Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
57. The example that Barbour and Wright use to demonstrate that public opinion matters in domestic policymaking is the statement that ______.
a. conservative states enact conservative policies while liberal states legislate liberal ones
b. the gender gap influences the winners and losers of elections and thus policy struggles
c. wealthier individuals have a greater degree of power over policy outcomes than poorer citizens
d. mainstream media outlets are losing their ability to influence the policymaking narrative
e. the recipients of redistributive social programs are a powerful factor in the formation of interest groups
Learning Objective: 16.4: Describe the degree to which policymaking reflects public opinion.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Citizens and Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
58. Cost–benefit analysis is a good tool to use for policy evaluation when one is trying to determine the ______ of the policy in question.
a. efficiency
b. egalitarianism
c. effectiveness
d. equitability
e. affordability
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
59. Determining whether a policy is fair or equitable is a matter ______.
a. governed at the federal level by the General Accounting Office
b. for the president and Congress to jointly decide
c. not easily accomplished by cost–benefit analysis
d. usually determined by the Supreme Court
e. opinion among those whom the policy is designed to serve
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
60. When the Census Bureau determines the poverty threshold each year, it assumes that ______.
a. families are receiving some form of government assistance
b. all families have certain tangible assets, like a car
c. every family has only one child
d. families spend one-third of their income on food
e. at least two family members work full-time
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
True/False
1. Pork barrel legislation is an example of a distributive policy.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
2. A major issue with addressing social problems with public policy is that their solutions may create problems in place of the ones being addressed.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
3. Government agencies have their largest role in policy evaluation.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
4. Agenda setting normally begins with problems being brought to the attention of the president.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
5. If policy evaluation is performed correctly, earlier parts of the policymaking process will be activated in order to address the problems identified by the policy evaluation.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
6. Hydraulic fracturing, the technology used to extract natural gas, is also known as fracking.
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
7. The AARP has led the charge to maintain Social Security in its present form.
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
8. Studies of families that have left welfare have discovered that most of their heads of households had been unemployed in the previous month.
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
9. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program helps poor people to purchase food.
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
10. Members of Congress would face little opposition in deleting the mortgage interest income tax deduction from the tax code.
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
Short Answer
1. Why do scholars call the 1970s America’s first environmental decade?
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
2. What is the goal of the Paris Agreement?
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
3. What are some of the ways in which government can address public problems directly?
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
4. Name the five steps in the policymaking process.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
5. Through which means are public problems, for which a new policy may be necessary, brought to the attention of Congress?
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
6. What role did the states play in the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program when it was first rolled out during the Great Depression?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
7. What were the two primary criticisms of the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
8. What academic benefits do advocates of the Head Start program claim result from program participation?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
9. In addition to its educational programs, what other benefits does Head Start offer to program participants?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
10. When it was signed into law in 1965 Medicare was designed to provide assistance to which people?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
Essay
1. What are the four reasons it is so hard to solve public problems?
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
2. Name the three types of public policy, and identify examples of each that are currently being debated or the subject of reform in your state.
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
3. Explain the roles of Congress, the president, the bureaucracy, and the courts in the policymaking process. How does each institution make policy? What hurdles must policymakers overcome in the policymaking process?
Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain what policy is, who makes it, and how it is made.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Making Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
4. What are the differences between a social welfare program and a social insurance program?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
5. Few government policies generate as much controversy as social welfare programs. What are social welfare programs? Who are they designed to help? Why does so much divisiveness exist on these issues?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
6. Explain the recent controversy over Social Security. What are the major problems facing Social Security? What are the current politics behind the issue? If Social Security needs to be fixed, what is the best way to reform it? If Social Security does not need to be fixed, why do you believe this is the case?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analytical
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
7. What are the similarities and differences between Medicare and Medicaid?
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
8. Public policy in regard to health care has been a major issue in the United States for many years and continues to generate controversy. Discuss the major federal health care programs. Who do they cover, what do they cover, how are they financed, and what are the prospects for their long-term growth? How does health care policy in the United States compare with such policies in other industrialized nations (including cost, who is covered, and the like)? What are the arguments for and against a national health care system? What other proposals have been made for dealing with the health care issue? Discuss the Patient Protection Affordable Care Act (Obamacare).
Learning Objective: 16.2: Identify four government policy programs that attempt to improve citizens’ lives.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Case of Social Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
9. Discuss the history of environmental policy in the United States. When did regulating the environment become an issue, and why? What are some environmental issues that the United States must confront in the next several years?
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
10. Fracking and the Keystone Pipeline are two controversial components in the debate over environmental policy. What are these things are why are they so controversial?
Learning Objective: 16.3: Relate the history of environmental regulations in the United States.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Case of Environmental Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
TOP: SAGE Learning Outcomes for American Government: Analyze the development and impact of important governmental policies.
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Test Bank | Keeping the Republic 9e by Barbour
By Christine Barbour