Chapter 3: Federalism: The Changing Boundaries Between the Nation and the States

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The Constitution clearly establishes that ultimate political authority rests with which of the following?

a. the president

b. the states

c. the national government

d. the people

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The Constitution is least clear on the way(s) in which authority and power would be vested to ______.

a. the legislative branch including the House of Representatives and Senate

b. the executive branch including the presidency

c. whatever structures of government Americans would choose to create and maintain

d. the judiciary, particularly the Supreme Court

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. The new system of government created by the Constitution in which government would be divided between the national and state levels is best described as ______.

a. federalism

b. constitutionalism

c. confederalism

d. institutionalism

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. While the Constitution created much of the basic framework for the division of power, it failed to perfectly delineate ______.

a. the barriers between the branches of government

b. the boundaries between national and state powers

c. the corresponding checks and balances of government

d. the degree to which citizens would granted sovereignty

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Angel McClary Raich and Diane Monson filed suit against the federal government in which state?

a. Texas

b. Oklahoma

c. California

d. Arizona

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Fight for Access to Medical Marijuana Reveals Tensions Between State and Federal Law

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Raich and Monson were using marijuana under California’s ______.

a. Recreational Drug Use Law

b. Compassionate Use Act

c. Don’t Ask Don’t Tell Policy

d. Constitutional provisions

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Fight for Access to Medical Marijuana Reveals Tensions Between State and Federal Law

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Marijuana is considered a Class I narcotic under which of the following federal laws?

a. the Controlled Substances Act of 1970

b. the Comstock Act of 1873

c. the Volstead Act of 1919

d. the Food and Drug Act of 1906

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Fight for Access to Medical Marijuana Reveals Tensions Between State and Federal Law

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Under a ______ system, the structures of government are placed entirely in the hands of a national government.

a. federal

b. confederal

c. unitary

d. monarchy

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Under a ______ system of government, powers are shared between the national government and the states.

a. federal

b. confederal

c. unitary

d. democracy

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Under a confederal system, such as the Articles of Confederation, national power comes from the ______.

a. people

b. president

c. Congress

d. states

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Key to a true federal system is the existence of _____.

a. state authority in all governmental matters so as to limit the authority of the national government

b. a system of direct initiative and voting in all important matters similar to a direct democracy

c. constitutional protections for each level against encroachment on its powers by the other level

d. provisions of strong national governmental powers so as to limit the power of the states themselves

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. One of the most important statements about where the people’s authority is located is the ______ Clause.

a. Establishment

b. Supremacy

c. Elastic

d. Commerce

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Enumerated powers granted by the Constitution would grant power to which governing body?

a. local town council

b. county council

c. state legislature

d. Congress

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. The Necessary and Proper Clause is also called the ______ Clause.

a. Establishment

b. Supremacy

c. Elastic

d. Commerce

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The federal government has argued that it has the authority to control drugs at the national and state levels because of their financial and business impact on a national level. In applying this argument, they are relying upon the ______ Clause.

a. Establishment

b. Supremacy

c. Elastic

d. Commerce

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Hard

16. ______ has contributed to the growth of national power when combined with the Necessary and Proper Clause.

a. Vagueness in the language of the specific powers of national government

b. The lack of clear boundaries between national powers and those of the states

c. The need for centralized control over important policy issues such as drugs and education

d. The failure of clearly defined national powers to be expressed in the Constitution

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Which of the following is most often used along with the Necessary and Proper and Supremacy Clauses to create federal law and policy?

a. the Establishment Clause

b. the Commerce Clause

c. the Clear and Present Danger Clause

d. the Full Faith and Credit Clause

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. In general, the powers of the national government are ______ written and described by the Constitution.

a. vaguely

b. unfairly

c. explicitly

d. implicitly

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Powers that are explicitly granted to the government in the Constitution are known as ______ powers.

a. enumerated

b. applied

c. concurrent

d. implied

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Most of the enumerated powers in the Constitution were granted to the ______ branch.

a. executive

b. legislative

c. judicial

d. bureaucratic

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Most Powers of the National Government Are Explicit

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Those powers not textually granted to the federal government but which are assumed to be given to it as a result of its need to make all laws “necessary and proper” are called ______ powers.

a. enumerated

b. applied

c. concurrent

d. implied

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Which of the following is an example of an implied power?

a. regulating interstate commerce

b. coining and printing money

c. declaring war

d. establishing an air force

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Which of the following is a power prohibited to the national government without the express consent of the state’s citizens?

a. declaring war

b. printing money

c. admitting new states

d. regulating commerce

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Which of the following would be included in the reserved powers granted to states by the Tenth Amendment?

a. establish an army

b. declare war on a neighboring state

c. regulate commerce between neighboring states

d. conduct elections

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Powers used by states to protect and provide for their safety, health, and general welfare are called ______ powers.

a. reserved

b. police

c. martial law

d. expressed

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Which of the following are states prohibited from doing?

a. regulating commerce within the state and between its citizens

b. making laws that are binding the state and its citizens

c. establishing courts at the state, county, or local level

d. entering into treaties with foreign governments

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. Powers that are granted both to the states and the national government are called ______.

a. implied powers

b. concurrent powers

c. expressed powers

d. implied powers

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Which of the following is considered a concurrent power?

a. establishing schools

b. printing currency

c. borrowing money

d. declaring war

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. The Constitution fails to describe the powers of the levels of government below what level?

a. national

b. state

c. county

d. city

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. From the perspective of federalism, there are ______ levels of government.

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. four

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

31. Under the federal system, cities depend upon ______ authority in order to operate.

a. national

b. state

c. county

d. mayoral

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. Though not explicitly part of the federal structure, ______ governments also act in the political space to protect their own interests.

a. national

b. state

c. interstate

d. local

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

33. Which was the highest court to take up the case of Angel Raich and Diane Monson?

a. county court

b. state court

c. federal court

d. Supreme Court

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. The Constitution describes the powers associated with which level of government?

a. cities

b. counties

c. districts

d. states

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. In its decision in Gonzales v. Raich (2005), the Supreme Court sided with ______.

a. Raich and Monson

b. the State of California

c. the federal government

d. the Food and Drug Administration

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. In explaining the Court’s Decision in Gonzalez v. Raich, the court went back to the policies of ______.

a. the Great Society

b. the War on Drugs

c. the Cold War

d. the Great Depression

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

37. In its decision in the Raich case, the Court found that marijuana grown on local soil for personal use violated the ______ Clause of the Constitution.

a. Supremacy

b. Elastic

c. Commerce

d. Establishment

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

38. Wickard v. Filburn was a case heard by the Supreme Court in 1942, the unanimous decision against Filburn was based on which clause of the Constitution?

a. Commerce Clause

b. Supremacy Clause

c. Necessary and Proper Clause

d. Good Faith Clause

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. Defining the relative power of the two levels of government as well as how closely they are intertwined has occurred through the ______ process.

a. executive

b. legislative

c. judicial

d. political

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. Which of the following court cases centered on the questions of whether the federal government had the authority to charter a bank and whether the state governments had the right to tax such a bank?

a. Gibbons v. Ogden

b. McCulloch v. Maryland

c. Barron v. Baltimore

d. Marbury v. Madison

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

41. The case of McCulloch v. Maryland affirmed which of the following Constitutional clauses?

a. the Establishment Clause

b. the Necessary and Proper Clause

c. the Commerce Clause

d. the Full Faith and Credit Clause

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

42. Which of the following cases centered around the Commerce and Supremacy Clauses of the Constitution?

a. Gibbons v. Ogden

b. McCulloch v. Maryland

c. Barron v. Baltimore

d. Marbury v. Madison

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

43. The case of Barron v. Baltimore dealt with which of the following?

a. expanding the government’s powers under the Supremacy Clause

b. acknowledging states’ rights under the Tenth Amendment

c. limiting the government’s powers under the Fifth Amendment

d. defining the boundaries of governmental commerce power

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

44. While John Marshall’s Supreme Court affirmed national power under the Necessary and Proper Clause and the Commerce Clause, it did so with an eye toward ______.

a. future court rulings

b. public opinion

c. legislative authority

d. executive privilege

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

45. For much of the history of the American republic, the model of the relationship between states and nation was one of ______.

a. coercive federalism

b. unitary federalism

c. dual federalism

d. cooperative federalism

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

46. Dual federalism ______.

a. evenly divided the people’s sovereignty between the nation and the states

b. focused the people’s sovereignty entirely on the states

c. placed the sovereignty of the people primarily on the national government

d. was designed to placate the demands of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists alike

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

47. In the 19th century, the Supreme Court stated that the governments of the United States were ______.

a. cohesive and intertwined

b. distinct and independent

c. collaborative and interdependent

d. counterproductive and polarized

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

48. What issue was driving much of the politics and tensions of the 19th century?

a. commerce

b. supremacy

c. education

d. slavery

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

49. In the mid-19th century, as the original Federalist judges began to retire or pass away, many of their replacements held a stronger view of _____.

a. state authority

b. local authority

c. national authority

d. international authority

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

50. In the 1830s, South Carolina Senator John Calhoun argued for the rights of states to ______.

a. decide form themselves the issue of slavery

b. secede from the Union

c. nullify federal laws

d. maintain sovereignty over the national government

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

51. Which of the following happened in December 1860?

a. Texas was admitted to the Union.

b. South Carolina seceded from the Union.

c. The Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed.

d. The Supreme Court ruled on the issue of nullification.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

52. As the United States began to focus its attention toward the ______, the rights of ______ received less and less attention and protection.

a. Pacific Ocean; African Americans

b. eastern seaboard; the states

c. northwest territories; individual citizens

d. Southwest; Hispanic Americans

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

53. In the Slaughterhouse Cases, the Supreme Court weighed in for the first time on the protections offered by the ______.

a. Tenth Amendment

b. Thirteenth Amendment

c. Fourteenth Amendment

d. Fifteenth Amendment

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

54. By placing limits on the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, the Court upheld the authority of states to exercise their ______.

a. sovereignty

b. martial law privileges

c. police powers

d. commerce powers

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

55. The case of ______ was a landmark case in restricting the rights of African Americans following the Civil War by upholding the constitutionality of legalized racial segregation.

a. Marbury v. Madison

b. Brown v. Board of Education

c. Plessey v. Ferguson

d. Dred Scott v. Sanford

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

56. A vision of American federalism in which the states and the national government work together to shape policy is called what?

a. dual federalism

b. unitary federalism

c. cooperative federalism

d. coercive federalism

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

57. What term describes when the power of the government is equally divided between states and the nation?

a. coercive federalism

b. unitary federalism

c. dual federalism

d. cooperative federalism

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

58. What did America’s heartland experience during the entire decade of the 1930s?

a. a period of agricultural prosperity

b. the worst drought in American history

c. social and political unrest

d. a transition from agriculture to industrialism

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

59. Economically, the 1930s were a period of ______.

a. prolonged deflation and scarce money

b. exaggerated inflation and cheap credit

c. extreme prosperity and economic domination

d. rapidly growing employment opportunities

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

60. Which of the following states was the first to secede from the union in 1860?

a. South Carolina

b. North Carolina

c. Virginia

d. Pennsylvania

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

61. Which of the following events occurred in 1865?

a. The Treaty of Paris was signed.

b. The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified.

c. The American Civil War ended.

d. The Twelvth Amendment was ratified.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

62. What is the name of the most significant economic crisis in the U.S. history?

a. Great Depression

b. Grand Recession

c. Dust Bowl

d. Stock Market Crash of 1929

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

63. In order to battle the effects of the Great Depression, President Roosevelt called for expanded ______ power.

a. legislative

b. judicial

c. executive

d. bureaucratic

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

64. Which of the following was a driving force for the nation moving toward cooperative federalism?

a. Slavery had been outlawed by the Constitution.

b. American corporations grew too powerful for states to manage by themselves.

c. The Civil War was imminent and northern states were afraid of losing the war.

d. Women and African Americans had gained the right to vote.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Hard

65. What was the name given to President Roosevelt’s plan for tackling the Great Depression?

a. Great Society

b. New Deal

c. Broad Horizon

d. Grand Contract

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

66. President Roosevelt’s policies fundamentally changed the relationship between the states and the national government by ______.

a. forcibly strengthening national police powers in comparison to those of the states

b. collaboratively accomplishing a shared solution to economic problems

c. strengthening state power in the governance of commercial activities

d. dramatically strengthening the role of the national government in the economy

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

67. President Roosevelt’s first priority was to strengthen the nation’s crumbling ______ system.

a. highway

b. stock

c. banking

d. farming

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

68. What name was given to the most significant economic crisis the nation had ever faced occurring in 1929?

a. the Great Recession

b. the Economic Collapse of 1929

c. the Great Depression

d. the Collapse of the Stock Market of 1929

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

69. The hired labor of ______ was no longer needed during the Dust Bowl. These minorities were especially hard hit by the economic downturn of the late 1920s.

a. tenant farmers

b. indentured servants

c. slaves

d. women

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

70. What program established a set of rules governing prices, outputs, wages, working hours, management–labor relations, and the employment of children for American businesses?

a. CCC

b. AAA

c. AFA

d. NRA

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

71. The Supreme Court’s judgment in the case of Schechter Poultry Corp. V. United States had which of the following effects?

a. It found that the NRA had exceeded its constitutional authority to regulate commerce.

b. It sided with the Roosevelt administration and upheld the New Deal.

c. It led to a complete overturn of the New Deal.

d. It impacted the sovereignty of states with regard to regulating commerce.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time Difficulty Level: Medium

72. In response to the Supreme Court decision in Schechter Poultry Corp. V. United States, the Roosevelt administration ______.

a. conceded it had exceeded its constitutional authority

b. called for a series of constitutional amendments expanding executive and legislative authority

c. crafted an important set of programs and federal legislation known as the Second New Deal

d. shifted commerce power and authority to the states in order to achieve his stated national goals

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

73. Included in the Second New Deal was which of the following important government programs?

a. Medicare

b. Social Security

c. TANF

d. Medicaid

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

74. The relationship between the states and the nation was permanently altered during Roosevelt’s New Deal by increasing ______.

a. the level of congressional authority to regulate interstate commerce

b. the executive powers of the president and his or her cabinet

c. the judicial powers of the Supreme Court and the federal court system

d. the sovereignty of state legislatures and executives to implement new programs

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

75. Under the New Deal, dual federalism shifted to which of the following forms?

a. dual federalism

b. coercive federalism

c. cooperative federalism

d. unitary federalism

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

76. What is one of the primary tools that the federal government can use to achieve its policy objectives within the states?

a. the Commerce Clause

b. grants-in-aid

c. the Supremacy Clause

d. cooperative policy development

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Easy

77. The main form of a grant-in-aid during and after the New Deal has been the ______ grant.

a. block

b. categorical

c. devolution

d. revenue sharing

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

78. By encouraging states to carry out national policy objectives, categorical grants act as a ______, and by threatening states with the withholding of funds if they fail to carry out government policy, categorical grants act as a ______.

a. carrot; stick

b. motivator; reinforcer

c. punishment; reward

d. disincentive; incentive

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

79. The most significant expansion of national power through the use of categorical grants-in-aid in the post–New Deal era was under Lyndon Johnson’s _____.

a. Great Society

b. New Deal

c. Broad Horizon

d. Grand Contract

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

80. Which of the following programs was included in President Johnson’s Great Society?

a. Social Security

b. Medicare

c. Aid to Dependent Children

d. the Civilian Conservation Corps

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

81. As a part of President Johnson’s Great Society program, the federal government saw an expansion of its powers in the policy area of ______.

a. commerce

b. legislation

c. education

d. drugs

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

82. What was the term used to describe President Nixon’s rollback on the expansion of national authority and its return to the states?

a. cooperative federalism

b. new federalism

c. dual federalism

d. coercive federalism

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

83. What was one of the main tools used by President Nixon in his attempt to reduce national authority?

a. grants-in-aid

b. categorical grants

c. block grants

d. revenue sharing

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

84. A national policy goal of returning authority to state or local governments is known as _____.

a. anti-federalism

b. devolution

c. block grants

d. nullification

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

85. Federal regulations that must be followed by the states but whose costs must also be shouldered by the states are known as what?

a. devolution

b. revenue sharing

c. nullification

d. unfunded mandates

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Answer Location: Challenges to Cooperation

Difficulty Level: Medium

86. Efforts by state and local governments to act in Washington, D.C., on behalf of their own needs are known as ______.

a. interstate relations

b. intrastate legislation

c. intergovernmental lobbying

d. extragovernmental conferencing

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

87.Which of the following programs was designed as a supplement to Social Security?

a. Medicaid

b. Medicare

c. ESEA

d. TANF

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

88. Smithtown has just received a grant from the federal government, and they have chosen to use the money to upgrade their recreational facilities. The grant allows them to determine how the money will be spent without the federal government getting involved. What type of grant has Smithtown received?

a. Pell Grant

b. block grant

c. categorical grant

d. recreational grant

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

89. Which term describes the efforts made to return authority for federal programs back to the states?

a. evolution

b. devolution

c. revolution

d. resolution

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Easy

90. Which of the following programs replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)?

a. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

b. Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)

c. Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA)

d. Medicare and Medicaid

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. The Constitution clearly places political authority in the hands of the people.

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. After a thorough investigation, federal officials determined that Angel Raich and Diane Monson were in compliance with national drug laws.

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fight for Access to Medical Marijuana Reveals Tensions Between State and Federal Law

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Federal systems divide the sovereignty of citizens between two or more levels of government.

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The framers of the Constitution succeeded in making clear and precise descriptions of the relationship between national and state authority.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The Elastic Clause grants Congress the authority to legislate as necessary to carry out constitutionally granted powers.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The Constitution expressly gives Congress the power to establish an air force.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The first system of federalism in the U.S. history was a tradition of cooperative federalism.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Following the Civil War, the Supreme Court emerged as a defender of African American Civil Rights.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. The case of Plessey v. Ferguson established a long-lasting tradition of “separate but equal” facilities in the United States.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. The latter part of the 19th century and early decades of the 20th century were characterized by a form of federalism known as coercive federalism.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Faced with falling prices, ecological emergencies, and rising debt and foreclosure rates, perhaps most affected by the Great Depression was America’s banking industry.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Within his first few months in office, Franklin Roosevelt would secure the passage of 15 major laws covering large areas of the nation’s economy.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. From its beginnings, the National Industrial Recovery Act was widely acclaimed.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. The decision in Sechter Poultry Corp. v. United States would reinforce the constitutionality of FDR’s New Deal programs.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. The expansion of national power under Roosevelt’s New Deal led to a new period of cooperative federalism.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Many states criticize the use of categorical grants because of the “carrots” and “sticks” that often come with them.

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. The most significant expansion of national power through the use of categorical grants-in-aid in the post–New Deal era occurred during the presidency of Richard Nixon.

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Block grants give state officials more authority in the disbursement of federal funds.

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. The National Industrial Recovery Act was unconstitutional, because the codes that it used and the way they were implemented was effectively managed by the federal government.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Hard

20. A tactic that states have occasionally used and may continue to use in the future is passing state laws that are in direct violation of a federal law or policy, often by amending state constitutions to do so.

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: American Federalism in the 21st Century: Where Do We Go From Here?

Difficulty Level: Medium

Short Answer

1. In creating a new system of government that would divide the people’s authority between the nation and the states, it created a system called ______.

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The Necessary and Proper Clause of the Constitution is often referred to as the ______ Clause.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. In order to operate, local governments get their power from the ______.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism and evaluate arguments about the proper limits of Congressional power under their authority.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. President Roosevelt’s New Deal was designed to combat the effect of ______.

Ans. the Great Depression, Great Depression

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The most important financial tool of cooperative federalism is the use of federal ______.

Learning Objective: 3-4: List changes to American federalism in the post–New Deal era.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. How does the case of Angel Raich and Diane Monson demonstrate the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws?

Learning Objective: 3-1: Explain the tension in American federalism between state and federal laws.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Fight for Access to Medical Marijuana Reveals Tensions Between State and Federal Law

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. How are the Commerce, Supremacy, and Elastic Clauses used in the course of American federalism? What advantage, if any, does the federal government receive from the use of these clauses?

Learning Objective: 3-2: Identify the elements of the U.S. Constitution that shape American federalism.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Constitution Divides Power Between the Nation and the States

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. How did 19th century interpretations of American federalism lead to the denial of fundamental rights to specific groups of Americans?

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. In what ways did the New Deal impact the progression of American Federalism? How can we see these impacts today?

Learning Objective: 3-3: Describe the development of American federalism over time.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The American Federal System Has Developed Over Time

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. As the United States enters the second decade of the 20th century, what role do you feel federalism will play in the future? What are its challenges?

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the current status of American federalism and how it might continue to evolve.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Modern American Federalism Remains Cooperative But Faces Challenges

Difficulty Level: Hard