Exam Questions Ch.8 Manning Leadership Authority

The Art of Leadership, 6e (Manning)

Chapter 8 Leadership Authority

1) Which of the following statements is most likely true about the top-down view of leadership authority?

A) This view holds that leadership authority is based on position in a social hierarchy.

B) This view mandates the flow of power from the lowest to the highest level in an organization.

C) This view encourages frontline workers to be supported in their efforts by managers and supervisors.

D) This view of leadership authority was first described by Chester Barnard of AT&T.

2) The servant leader is committed to people, and this commitment is shown through ________, ________, and ________.

A) access; communication; support

B) training; development; education

C) recruitment; selection; reinforcement

D) wages; benefits; promotion

3) Which of the following is effective only for a short period of time?

A) A leader's use of psychological bigness and overbearance

B) A leader's use of experience and skills

C) A leader's use of patience and understanding

D) A leader's use of knowledge and ability

E) None of these

4) Gandhi, the Indian spiritual and political leader, believed that effective leaders ________—not ________.

A) point the way; show by example

B) command respect; earn respect

C) lead the elite; lead the masses

D) are served by followers; serve followers

E) guide and inspire; command and control

5) Both responsibility and ________ come with the office of leadership.

A) confusion

B) dependence

C) wealth

D) power

6) Which of the following statements is true about authentic leaders?

A) They have a genuine desire to serve others.

B) They find it difficult to establish trusting relationships.

C) They are primarily motivated by self-gain and social pressure.

D) They copy the style of a popular and effective leader when replacing him or her.

7) Management authors Warren Bennis and Philip Slater define participative leadership as ________.

A) authoritative management

B) democratic management

C) permissive management

D) laissez-faire management

8) Identify a characteristic of participative leadership.

A) It is based on the idea that influence is based on technical competence and knowledge.

B) Communication is based on rank and power.

C) There is a reliance on traditional forms of compromise to manage conflict.

D) It creates an atmosphere that discourages emotional expression and task-oriented acts.

9) The servant leader shows commitment to his or her people through all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A) access

B) communication

C) support

D) force

10) According to Robert Greenleaf, which of the following best describes servant leadership?

A) Aggressive leadership

B) An excuse for manipulation

C) The relationship between a leader who knows a lot and dependent followers

D) A calling to serve

E) None of these

11) Identify a way in which the servant leader stays in touch with the challenges and problems of others.

A) By getting out of the executive suite and onto the shop floor

B) By getting out of the headquarters and into the field

C) By getting out of the ivory tower and into the real world

D) All of these

E) None of these

12) Which of the following best describes the participative leadership process?

A) A luxury of time and attention that few leaders can afford

B) Involving people, which is necessary to achieve understanding, which is necessary to achieve commitment

C) The style of a weak and ineffectual leader

D) Giving over power and ultimate responsibility to frontline people

E) None of these

13) Identify the beliefs and common values of the participative leadership.

A) Full and free communication

B) A reliance on consensus to manage conflict

C) A basically human bias

D) All of these

E) None of these

14) Which of the following statements is most likely true of reward power?

A) It is the power of relationships.

B) Keepers of standards, rules, regulations, and arcane facts have this power.

C) It is the capacity to offer something of value as a means of influencing others.

D) Intelligence, logic and the mastery of rhetoric increase this power.

15) Which of the following statements is most likely true of expert power?

A) It primarily comes from having access to data and news of importance to others.

B) It is best exemplified by the boss who assigns jobs and the teacher who assigns homework.

C) It is the ability to motivate and inspire others by force of personal traits, including optimism and commitment to a cause.

D) It is the capacity to influence others because of proficiency, specialized knowledge, good judgment, or skill.

16) Which of the following is leadership by intimidation and operates primarily on the principles of fear?

A) Coercive power

B) Legitimate power

C) Charisma power

D) Expert power

17) Which of the following is best described as the capacity to influence others because of their desire to identify with the leader?

A) Rational power

B) Charisma power

C) Referent power

D) Expert power

18) Which of the following statements is most likely true about legitimate power?

A) It is the capacity to influence others by virtue of formal authority or the rights of office.

B) It is the ability to motivate and inspire others by force of personal traits.

C) It is the capacity to punish as a means of influencing others.

D) It is the capacity to influence others because of well-developed reasoning and problem-solving ability.

19) Which of the following statements is most likely true about rational power?

A) Control over desirable job assignments is an example of this power.

B) Keepers of standards, rules, regulations, and arcane facts have this power.

C) Intelligence, logic and the mastery of rhetoric increase this power.

D) Being admired as a role model brings this power to leaders.

20) Which of the following statements is most likely true about information power?

A) Intelligence, logic and the mastery of rhetoric increase this power.

B) It comes from having access to data and news of importance to others.

C) It is the capacity to influence others because of expertise, good judgment, and skill.

D) The judge who determines guilt and penalties exemplifies this power.

21) Which of the following statements is most likely true about charisma power?

A) It transforms people to achieve superior performance.

B) It is the power of resources and awards.

C) It is the power of relationships.

D) It operates primarily on the principles of fear.

22) Participative leadership, which has been employed effectively by many supervisors and managers to build employee morale and achieve high performance, has its roots in ________.

A) autocratic government

B) democratic ideals

C) socialist movements

D) communist regimes

23) Which of the following best describes psychological size?

A) The ability to make others feel strong and independent

B) An important concept for frontline people

C) The ability to accept job assignments and wages as offered

D) The perceived power one has over another

24) Identify a factor of psychological bigness that serves no purpose except to alienate people and result in one-way communication.

A) Formal, distant manner

B) High-status position

C) Commanding physical appearance

D) Power to make decisions

25) Identify a guideline that will help achieve two-way communication and create true dialogue.

A) Show the person that you want to listen

B) Be patient

C) Go easy on argument and criticism

D) Ask questions

E) All of these

26) "Open-book" is a term used to describe a(n) ________.

A) accounting principle

B) writing technique

C) approach to management

D) rule in marketing

27) In the context of Taoism, which of the following best describes yin and yang?

A) Complementary forces, which are the source of the endless changes that the world endures

B) Leadership principles that are born in ancient China

C) Male and female value orientations

D) None of these

28) When describing Gandhi, ________ wrote, "Generations to come will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon this earth."

A) Albert Einstein

B) Martin Luther King

C) Margaret Thatcher

D) Pearl buck

E) John Kennedy

29) In the majority of the world's cultures, from America to Armenia, Belgium to Brazil, and Slovakia to Singapore, ________ is valued more than ________.

A) money; power

B) giving; taking

C) security; growth

D) education; experience

30) Google launched project OXYGEN to identify the most effective behaviors of managers inside the organization. The three most important behaviors are ________.

A) setting high standards, checking on progress, and addressing deficiencies

B) valuing diversity, grading performance, and celebrating success

C) being available, communicating effectively, and showing support

D) learning continuously, maintaining discipline, and creating a vision

31) In the words of J.W. Marriott, the founding philosophy of Marriott International is:

A) "Measure twice, cut once; the guest is always right; travel is a birth right."

B) "Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today."

C) "Early to bed, early to rise, work hard, and advertise."

D) "Take care of the associates, the associates will take care of the guests, and the guests will come back again and again."

32) Distilled from Jeffrey Krames's book Lead with Humility: 12 Leadership Lessons from Pope Francis, five lessons stand out. Identify three of these lessons.

A) Purpose, prosecute, and provide support

B) Be just, be fair, and be available

C) Identify strengths, address weaknesses, and reward performance

D) Go where you are needed, serve others, and persevere

33) Successful leaders know that ________ percent of the work is typically done by ________.

A) 50; middle managers

B) 10; senior executives

C) 40; supervisors

D) 80; frontline employees

34) ________ popularized open-book management in the 1980s, and ________ is a form of participative management.

A) Douglas McGregor; personal supervision

B) Rensis Likert; scientific management

C) Bill George; quality improvement

D) Jack Stack; open-book management

35) The best way to raise the psychological size of others is to show genuine interest in them.

36) The most effective approach to equalize psychological size is for leaders to reduce their own psychological size.

37) An effective use of psychological size results in maximum morale and productivity.

38) An approach to leadership that recognizes both the top-down and bottom-up views of authority is servant leadership.

39) The servant leader is similar to the individual who is motivated by selfish goals and whose primary thoughts are for personal gain.

40) In military leadership, leaders at all levels are taught to put the needs of their subordinates before their own and to lead by the principle "Mission first, soldiers always."

41) Ability in an art, a science, a profession, and a trade are examples of information power.

42) The effective leader is most likely to use fear (coercion) as a form of power.

43) The servant leader is the one people will choose to follow, the one with whom they will prefer to work.

Match the items below with their descriptions:

A) effective approach to leadership

B) perceived importance and power

C) means of showing interest and respect

D) three signs of servant leadership

E) characteristic of participative leadership

44) psychological size

45) access, communication, support

46) democratic

47) listening

48) servant leadership