Exam Prep Chapter 18 Accounting for share-based payments

Chapter 18 Testbank

1. The tax base of revenue received in advance is equal to zero where the revenue received is taxed in the reporting period that the revenue is received.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

2. Deferred tax assets are the amounts of income taxes recoverable in future periods that arise from assessable temporary differences.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

3. Deferred tax assets may arise from amounts of income taxes recoverable in future periods that arise from carry forward of unused tax losses.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-08 Understand how to account for taxation losses incurred by companies and understand how, in certain circumstances, taxation losses can lead to the recognition of assets in the form of deferred tax assets.
Section: Unused tax losses
Topic: Unused tax losses
 

4. The balance sheet approach compares the carrying value with the tax base of the assets and liabilities.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

5. Non-deductible expenses in the current or subsequent periods results in a deferred tax asset.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

6. The tax-effect of the temporary difference that arises from revaluation of non-current assets is recognised in profit and loss.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-09 Be able to describe how the revaluation of non-current assets should be treated for deferred tax purposes.
Section: Revaluation of non-current assets
Topic: Revaluation of non-current assets
 

7. It is possible for a firm to legally make a large accounting profit but pay little or no tax based on its taxable income.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
Topic: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
 

8. Profit for taxation purposes is determined in accordance with AASB 112.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
Topic: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
 

9. The difference between the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the balance sheet and its tax base is a temporary difference.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

10. There are two types of temporary differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities and the tax base—assessable temporary differences and neutral temporary differences. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

11. The tax figure calculated and recorded on the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income is an accurate reflection of the entity's tax liability for the stated period.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

12. The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation relies on comparing the historical cost of an item with its appropriate tax base.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

13. When the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its tax base, the amount that will be allowed as a deduction for tax purposes will exceed the amount of assessable economic benefits.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

14. Under AASB 112, where the carrying amount of an asset is less than the amount that is economically recoverable, the deferred tax asset should be adjusted.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

15. According to AASB 112, with one exception, the tax base of a liability is to be determined in the following manner: Carrying amount – Future deductible amount + Future assessable amount. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

16. AASB 112 defines the tax base as the amount that is attributed to an asset or liability for tax purposes.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

17. Deferred tax assets arise as a result of tax losses. In Australia losses incurred in previous years can always be carried forward to offset taxable income derived in future years.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-08 Understand how to account for taxation losses incurred by companies and understand how, in certain circumstances, taxation losses can lead to the recognition of assets in the form of deferred tax assets.
Section: Unused tax losses
Topic: Unused tax losses
 

18. When a non-current asset is revalued the tax base is not affected as depreciation for tax purposes will continue to be based on original cost.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-09 Be able to describe how the revaluation of non-current assets should be treated for deferred tax purposes.
Section: Revaluation of non-current assets
Topic: Revaluation of non-current assets
 

19. When a non-current asset is revalued, the recognition of future tax associated with an asset that has a fair value in excess of cost, acts to reduce the amount of the revaluation reserve.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-09 Be able to describe how the revaluation of non-current assets should be treated for deferred tax purposes.
Section: Revaluation of non-current assets
Topic: Revaluation of non-current assets
 

20. AASB 112 required an entity to offset current tax assets and current tax liabilities if the entity intends to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Offsetting deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets
Topic: Offsetting deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets
 

21. A change in tax rates does not require any change in the carrying amount of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities.  

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-07 Understand how changes in tax rates will impact on existing deferred tax balances.
Section: Change of tax rates
Topic: Change of tax rates
 

22. AASB 112 uses what term to describe the method for accounting for taxes that it mandates? 

A. Net balances method.
B. Financial position method.
C. Asset and liability method.
D. Balance sheet method.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
Topic: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
 

23. The AASB 112 approach has been adopted because: 

A. it matches the revenues earned with tax payable on those revenues.
B. it is conservative.
C. it is considered consistent with the AASB conceptual framework.
D. it is considered acceptable by the ATO.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
Topic: Introduction to accounting for income taxes
 

24. The generally accepted (a) accounting rule and (b) tax rule for development expenditure are: 

A. (a) capitalise and amortise; (b) a tax deduction when paid for.
B. (b) expense when paid for; (b) a tax deduction when paid for.
C. (c) capitalise and amortise; (b) a tax deduction when amortised.
D. (d) expense when paid for; (b) a tax deduction when amortised.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-02 Be able to identify some of the types of factors that will cause a difference between profit or loss for accounting purposes, and profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

25. The amount of tax assessed by the ATO based on the entity's operations for the period will be reflected in which account? 

A. Income tax expense.
B. Deferred income tax.
C. Deferred tax liability.
D. Income tax payable.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-02 Be able to identify some of the types of factors that will cause a difference between profit or loss for accounting purposes, and profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

26. Some items are treated as a deduction for tax purposes when they are paid but are recognised as expenses when they are accrued for accounting purposes. Which of the following items are of that type? 

A. Long-service leave.
B. Goodwill amortization.
C. Depreciation.
D. Entertainment.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Learning Objective: 18-02 Be able to identify some of the types of factors that will cause a difference between profit or loss for accounting purposes, and profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

27. Some items are typically not allowable tax deductions but are recognised as an expense for accounting purposes. Which of the following items are of that type? 

A. Research and development costs.
B. Warranty costs.
C. Sick leave payments.
D. Goodwill amortisation.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Learning Objective: 18-02 Be able to identify some of the types of factors that will cause a difference between profit or loss for accounting purposes, and profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

28. The tax base is defined in AASB 112 as: 

A. the amount of assessable income for the period.
B. the tax rate applicable to income levels under $60 000.
C. the amount that is attributed to an asset or liability for tax purposes.
D. the head office of the Australian Taxation Office in Canberra.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

29. A taxable temporary difference is one that will result in: 

A. an increase in income tax payable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.
B. a decrease in income tax payable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.
C. an increase in income tax recoverable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.
D. a decrease in income tax payable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled and an increase in income tax recoverable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

30. A deductible temporary difference is one that will result in: 

A. a decrease in income tax recoverable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.
B. an increase in income tax payable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.
C. a decrease in income tax recoverable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, and an increase in income tax payable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.
D. a decrease in income tax payable in future reporting periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

31. Under the approach of AASB 112 to accounting for income taxes, a taxable temporary difference creates which account? 

A. Provision for tax payable.
B. Deferred tax asset.
C. General reserve.
D. Deferred tax liability.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

32. Under the approach of AASB 112 to accounting for income taxes, a deductible temporary difference creates which account? 

A. Deferred tax revenue.
B. Deferred tax liability.
C. Deferred tax asset.
D. Provision for tax payable.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

33. Tissues Ltd has a depreciable asset that is estimated for accounting purposes to have a useful life of 8 years. For taxation purposes the useful life is 5 years. The asset was purchased at the beginning of year 1, there is no residual value, and the straight-line method of depreciation is used for both tax and accounting purposes. The tax rate is 30% and the cost of the asset is $100 000. What is the amount of the deferred tax liability account generated by this asset at the end of years 1, 2 and 3? 

A. End of year 1 $0; year 2 $2250; year 3: $4500
B. End of year 1 $7500; year 2 $15,000; year 3: $22 500
C. End of year 1 $6750; year 2 $4500; year 3: $2250
D. End of year 1 $2250; year 2 $4500; year 3: $6750

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

34. Snifful Industries has a depreciable asset that is estimated for accounting purposes to have a useful life of 7 years. For taxation purposes the useful life is 3 years. The asset was purchased at the beginning of year 1, there is no residual value, and the straight-line method of depreciation is used for both tax and accounting purposes. The tax rate is 30% and the cost of the asset is $210 000. What is the amount of the deferred tax liability account generated by this asset at the end of years 2, 3 and 4? 

A. End of year 2: $24 000; year 3: $36 000; year 4: $27 000
B. End of year 2: $80 000; year 3: $120 000; year 4: $90 000
C. End of year 2: $12 000; year 3: $24 000; year 4: $36 000
D. End of year 2: $12 000; year 3: $12 000; year 4: $(9000)

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

35. Sinfonia Ltd made credit sales for this period of $100 000. The allowance for doubtful debts for these sales is $3000. For taxation purposes the amount provided for doubtful debts is not tax-deductible and the taxation office has included the $100 000 in taxable income. The tax rate is 30%. What is the deferral arising from this situation? 

A. none
B. deferred tax liability of $900
C. deferred tax asset of $900
D. deferred tax liability of $3000

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

36. A company has a loan with a carrying value of $60 000. The payment of the loan is not deductible for tax purposes. The tax rate is 30%. What is the tax base for this item? 

A. $0
B. $60 000
C. $18 000
D. $78 000

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

37. A company has received $40 000 for subscription revenue in advance and recorded a liability account 'revenue received in advance'. Revenue is taxed when it is received. The tax rate is 30%. What is the tax base for this item? 

A. $0
B. $40 000
C. $12 000
D. $36 000

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

38. A deferred tax asset arises if: 

A. the carrying amount of an asset is greater than its tax base.
B. the carrying amount of a liability is greater than its tax base.
C. the carrying amount of a liability is less than its tax base.
D. the carrying amount of an asset is greater than its tax base and the carrying amount of a liability is less than its tax base.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Section: Summary
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

39. The correct method for calculating the amount of a deferred tax liability or asset may be expressed as a formula as follows: 

A. (Carrying amount of assets or liabilities – tax bases of assets or liabilities) × tax rate
B. Carrying amount of assets or liabilities – (tax bases of assets or liabilities × tax rate)
C. Carrying amount of assets or liabilities – tax bases of assets or liabilities × tax rate
D. Carrying amount of assets or liabilities – tax bases of assets or liabilities

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

40. Bulldog Supplies Ltd has an item of equipment that has a carrying value of $80 000. For taxation purposes the asset's net value is $60 000 and deferred tax liabilities of $3000 had previously been recorded. Bulldog also has accrued interest revenue of $5000 that will not be taxed until it is received in cash. The tax rate is 30%. What is the journal entry to record the tax effect?

 
A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

41. Raging Dragons Ltd has a depreciable asset that is estimated for accounting purposes to have a useful life of 15 years. For taxation purposes the useful life is 10 years. The asset was purchased at the beginning of year 1, there is no residual value, and the straight-line method of depreciation is used for both tax and accounting purposes. The tax rate is 30% and the cost of the asset is $150 000. What adjustment will be required to the deferred tax liability account in years 10 and 11? 

A. End of year 10 $1500; year 11 $1500
B. End of year 10 $5000; year 11 $(10 000)
C. End of year 10 $1500; year 11 $(3000)
D. End of year 10 $15 000; year 11 $(3000)

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

42. Digitor Industries Ltd accrues long-service leave as employees work towards their entitlement. For tax purposes, long-service leave is not deductible until it is paid. During the current period Digitor has accrued $50 000 in long-service leave expense and paid none. The tax rate is 30%. What is the journal entry to record the deferral? 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

43. Mighty Motors Ltd offers a warranty on all the spare parts it sells. This period the accrued warranty is $5000. For tax purposes there is no deduction for the warranty until payments are made. Mighty Motors also has equipment that has a useful life for accounting purposes of 4 years and for tax purposes 3 years. The equipment was purchased at the beginning of the current period, cost $9000 and has no residual value. The straight-line method of depreciation is used for both accounting and tax purposes. The accounting profit before tax this period is $80 000. The tax rate is 30%. What are the journal entries to record the tax expense and tax payable? 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

44. The criterion for recognising a deferred tax asset is that: 

A. it should be fully recognised if it is probable that future taxable amounts within the entity will be available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilised.
B. it should be recognised if it is possible that future taxable amounts within the entity will be available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilised.
C. it should be recognised to the extent, and only to the extent, that it is possible that future taxable amounts within the entity will be available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilised.
D. it should be recognised to the extent, and only to the extent, that it is probable that future taxable amounts within the entity will be available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilised.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

45. The tax base of a liability must be calculated as the liability's carrying amount as at the reporting date, less any future deductible amounts and plus any future assessable amounts that are expected to arise from settling the liability's carrying amount as at the reporting date. The exception to this rule is that: 

A. in the case of revenue received in advance, the tax base must be calculated as the liability's carrying amount less any amount of the revenue received in advance that has been included in taxable amounts in the current or a previous reporting period.
B. in the case of carry forward tax losses, the tax base must be adjusted for any consideration paid by a company within the group that is receiving the transferred tax loss.
C. in the case of a downward revaluation of a non-current asset, the tax base must be calculated as the decrease in the asset plus any amount expected to be received in the future inflated by the index for capital gains tax.
D. in the case of a warranty liability, the tax base must be calculated as the liability's carrying amount less any amounts paid out this period that have not been included in taxable amounts in the current period.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

46. Casper Ltd incurred a loss of $500 000 for tax purposes in 2014. This was due to one-off circumstances and it is expected that Casper will make profits again in 2015 and subsequent years. There are no temporary differences in either year. In 2015 Casper makes a profit of $700 000. The tax rate is 30%. What are the journal entries for 2014 and 2015? 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-08 Understand how to account for taxation losses incurred by companies and understand how, in certain circumstances, taxation losses can lead to the recognition of assets in the form of deferred tax assets.
Section: Unused tax losses
Topic: Unused tax losses
 

47. Some items are typically not allowable tax deductions but are recognised as an expense for accounting purposes. Which of the following items are of that type? 

A. Research and development costs.
B. Warranty costs.
C. Sick leave payments.
D. Entertainment.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Learning Objective: 18-02 Be able to identify some of the types of factors that will cause a difference between profit or loss for accounting purposes, and profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

48. The amount of tax calculated based on the entity's operations for the period will be reflected in which account? 

A. Income tax expense.
B. Deferred income tax.
C. Deferred tax liability.
D. Income tax payable.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

49. Spring Day Ltd has a piece of equipment that it has revalued to its fair value of $90 000 this period. It originally cost $80 000 and the accumulated depreciation for both accounting and tax purposes is $20 000. There is no intention to sell the equipment in the near future. The tax rate is 30%. What is the journal entry to reflect the revaluation's tax implications? 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-09 Be able to describe how the revaluation of non-current assets should be treated for deferred tax purposes.
Section: Revaluation of non-current assets
Topic: Revaluation of non-current assets
 

50. Shopping Malls Ltd has some land it purchased several years ago for $300 000. It has revalued the land this period to $480 000 and management intends to sell it in the near future. When the land was acquired the index for capital gains tax was 110 and at reporting date it is 132. The tax rate is 30%. What is the entry to record the tax implications of the revaluation? 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-09 Be able to describe how the revaluation of non-current assets should be treated for deferred tax purposes.
Section: Revaluation of non-current assets
Topic: Revaluation of non-current assets
 

51. Recognising deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as per AASB 112 creates some conflict with the definition of assets and liabilities in the AASB conceptual framework. Key issues in this regard are: 

A. it is questionable whether or not the company controls the benefits from the deferred tax asset, and there is not a present obligation to transfer the funds represented in the deferred tax liability to the government.
B. the company really has no claim against the government for the amount of the deferred tax asset and it is not probable that the company will have to pay the deferred tax liability.
C. setting off the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability does not meet the requirements of the AASB conceptual framework and there is a contingent element involved in the recognition of the deferred tax asset.
D. the AASB conceptual framework does not permit the recognition of the rights to future revenues implicit in assets to trigger obligations to future expenses implicit in liabilities and the extent to which a deferred tax liability is recognised should not depend on management's intention to sell a revalued asset.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-08 Understand how to account for taxation losses incurred by companies and understand how, in certain circumstances, taxation losses can lead to the recognition of assets in the form of deferred tax assets.
Learning Objective: 18-10 Be able to critically evaluate the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation and the associated asset (deferred tax asset) and liability (deferred tax liability).
Section: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
Topic: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
 

52. The balance sheet approach adopted in AASB 112: 

A. will continue to be used as the alternatives are too simplistic.
B. will only be understood by the very sophisticated financial readers.
C. uses existing statement of financial position data thus reducing record keeping costs.
D. will only be understood by the very sophisticated financial readers and uses existing statement of financial position data thus reducing record keeping costs.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-10 Be able to critically evaluate the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation and the associated asset (deferred tax asset) and liability (deferred tax liability).
Section: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
Topic: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
 

53. When the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the tax base, there will be a deferred tax __________, because the taxation payments have effectively been __________.

A. asset; made in advance of recognising the expense
B. asset; deferred to future periods
C. liability; made in advance of recognising the expense
D. liability; deferred to future periods

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

54. Temporary differences: 

A. arise due to differences between income tax legislation and accounting rules, in a particular period, and are reversed in subsequent periods.
B. can be both deductible temporary differences or taxable temporary differences.
C. must be considered, and accounted for, by the creation of deferred tax asset and liabilities for all statement of financial position items (e.g. including asset revaluations), rather than just statement of comprehensive income items, which is a major change created by the new standard.
D. arise due to changes in the income tax rate.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

55. As at 30 June 2012, net accounts receivables was $57 000, and the allowance for doubtful debts was $3000. On 30 June 2013, the respective balances were $64 000 and $4000. Assuming there were no other temporary differences, what is the journal entry to adjust for the changes in these balances as at 30 June 2013? The corporate tax rate is 30%. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

56. As at 30 June 2012, the Provision for Long-service leave balance was $125 000. During 2011/12 $54 000 was charged to the provision account, and leave to the value of $34 000 was taken by staff. The balance on 30 June 2013 was $135 000, following the charging of long-service leave expense of the same amount as in 2011/12 , i.e. $54 000. Assuming there were no other temporary differences, what is the journal entry to adjust for the changes in these balances as at 30 June 2013? The corporate tax rate is 30%. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

57. Criteria used by an entity to assess the probability that taxable profit will be available against which unused tax losses can be utilised include: 

A. whether the unused tax losses result from identifiable causes that are unlikely to recur.
B. whether it is probable that the entity will have taxable profits before the unused tax losses expire.
C. whether permission has been received from the Australian Taxation Office to carry forward tax losses.
D. whether the entity has unused tax losses relating to the same taxation authority and the same taxable entity, which will result in taxable amounts against which the unused tax losses can be utilised before they expire.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-08 Understand how to account for taxation losses incurred by companies and understand how, in certain circumstances, taxation losses can lead to the recognition of assets in the form of deferred tax assets.
Section: Unused tax losses
Topic: Unused tax losses
 

58. The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed: 

A. annually.
B. at each reporting date.
C. when assets are revalued.
D. none of the given answers is correct.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-08 Understand how to account for taxation losses incurred by companies and understand how, in certain circumstances, taxation losses can lead to the recognition of assets in the form of deferred tax assets.
Section: Unused tax losses
Topic: Unused tax losses
 

59. Which of the following statements is not correct in relation to tax rate changes? 

A. An increase in tax rates will create an expense where an entity has deferred tax liabilities.
B. Across time it is likely that governments will change tax rates.
C. A decrease in tax rates will create an income where an entity has deferred tax assets.
D. Changes in tax rates will have implications for the value attributed to pre-existing deferred tax assets.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 18-07 Understand how changes in tax rates will impact on existing deferred tax balances.
Section: Change of tax rates
Topic: Change of tax rates
 

60. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities can change: 

A. with a change in the amount of the related temporary differences.
B. even if there is no change in the amount of the related temporary differences.
C. with a re-assessment of the recoverability of deferred tax liabilities.
D. with a change in the amount of the related temporary differences and even if there is no change in the amount of the related temporary differences.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-07 Understand how changes in tax rates will impact on existing deferred tax balances.
Section: Change of tax rates
Topic: Change of tax rates
 

61. Bogart Ltd has the following tax balances as at 30 June 2012:

The balances were calculated when the tax rate was 30%. On 30 September 2012, the government announced a change to the company tax rate to 40%, effective immediately. What is the journal entry to adjust the carry-forward balances of the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability?

 
A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-07 Understand how changes in tax rates will impact on existing deferred tax balances.
Section: Change of tax rates
Topic: Change of tax rates
 

62. If a tax rate change from 30% to 25% results in an adjustment to the deferred tax liability account of $50 000, what is (a) the amount of the temporary differences and (b) the type of temporary differences? 

A. (a) $ 1 000 000; (b) taxable temporary differences
B. (a) $ 1 000 000; (b) deductible temporary differences
C. (a) $ 50 000; (b) taxable temporary differences
D. (a) $ 50 000; (b) deductible temporary differences

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-07 Understand how changes in tax rates will impact on existing deferred tax balances.
Section: Change of tax rates
Topic: Change of tax rates
 

63. Which of the following statements is correct with respect to AASB 112 Income Taxes when the government increase tax rates? 

A. The entity applies a prospective application to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities initially recognised subsequent to the announcement of the tax change.
B. Expense is recognised if the entity has deferred tax liabilities only.
C. Income is recognised if the entity has deferred tax liabilities only.
D. Expense is recognised if the entity has deferred tax assets only.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-07 Understand how changes in tax rates will impact on existing deferred tax balances.
Section: Change of tax rates
Topic: Change of tax rates
 

64. Which of the following statements is correct with respect to AASB 112 Income Taxes when a non-current asset is revalued? 

A. On revaluation date, the revaluation reserve is increased by the product of the temporary difference and the tax rate.
B. On revaluation date, the revaluation reserve is decreased by the product of the temporary difference and the tax rate.
C. On revaluation date, a deferred tax liability is created equal to the amount of the temporary difference.
D. On revaluation date, a deferred tax asset is created equal to the amount of the temporary difference.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-09 Be able to describe how the revaluation of non-current assets should be treated for deferred tax purposes.
Section: Revaluation of non-current assets
Topic: Revaluation of non-current assets
 

65. What is the accounting treatment for goodwill that is consistent with AASB 112 Income Taxes? 

A. Treated as a deductible expense in the year of recognition.
B. Treated as a non-deductible expense in the year of recognition and subsequent periods.
C. The difference between the carrying amount and the tax base results to a taxable temporary difference.
D. The difference between the carrying amount and the tax base results to a deductible temporary difference.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Learning Objective: 18-02 Be able to identify some of the types of factors that will cause a difference between profit or loss for accounting purposes, and profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

66. On 1 January 2012, William Bay Ltd purchased a machine for $100 000. The entity adopts a straight-line depreciation method and uses 10% and 15% as depreciation rate and tax rate respectively. The salvage value is zero and the tax rate is 30%.

At 31 December 2012, which of the following statements is correct with respect to the transaction that is in accordance with AASB 112 Income Taxes only?

A. There is a deductible temporary difference of $5000.
B. There is a deductible temporary difference of $1500.
C. There is a taxable temporary difference of $5000.
D. There is a taxable temporary difference of $1500.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-04 Understand that a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability and its tax base will lead to a 'temporary difference'.
Section: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
Topic: Tax base of assets and liabilities, further consideration
 

67. On 1 January 2012, William Bay Ltd purchased a machine for $100 000. The entity adopts a straight-line depreciation method and uses 10% and 15% as depreciation rate and tax rate respectively. The salvage value is zero and the tax rate is 30%.

At 31 December 2012, which of the journal entries is correct with respect to the transaction that is in accordance with AASB 112 Income Taxes only?

 
A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

68. Some items are treated as a deduction for tax purposes when they are paid but are recognised as expenses when they are accrued for accounting purposes. Which of the following items are of that type? 

A. Warranty costs.
B. Goodwill amortisation.
C. Depreciation.
D. Entertainment.

AACSB: Analytic
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-02 Be able to identify some of the types of factors that will cause a difference between profit or loss for accounting purposes, and profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

69. The reversal of deductible temporary differences results in deductions in determining the: 

A. income tax expense.
B. future taxable profits.
C. carrying amounts.
D. income tax payable.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-05 Understand when a 'temporary difference' creates a deferred tax asset or a deferred tax liability.
Learning Objective: 18-06 Understand how deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities arise and how they are calculated.
Section: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
Topic: Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities
 

70. When considering the recognition of assets and liabilities for tax purposes, reference is made to the: 

A. depreciation rate.
B. carrying amount.
C. tax base.
D. historical cost.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

71. The accounting profit multiplied by the tax rate is known as: 

A. income tax payable.
B. income tax expense.
C. taxable amount.
D. assessable amount.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-03 Understand the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

72. Under which tax estimation method is tax determined as equal to taxable income multiplied by the relevant tax rate? 

A. Tax effect accounting.
B. Taxes payable method.
C. Tax deferred method.
D. Tax consolidated accounting.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 18-01 Understand that there is typically a difference between an organisation's profit or loss for accounting purposes, and its profit or loss for taxation purposes.
Section: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
Topic: The balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation
 

73. When considering deferred tax assets, which part of the definition of an asset in the conceptual framework is potentially questionable?

A. Control.
B. Reliably measure.
C. Past event.
D. Future economic benefits.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-10 Be able to critically evaluate the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation and the associated asset (deferred tax asset) and liability (deferred tax liability).
Section: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
Topic: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
 

74. When considering deferred tax liabilities, which part of the definition of an asset in the conceptual framework is potentially questionable? 

A. Settlement will result in an outflow of economic benefits.
B. Present obligation.
C. Past event.
D. Measured reliably.

AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 18-10 Be able to critically evaluate the balance sheet approach to accounting for taxation and the associated asset (deferred tax asset) and liability (deferred tax liability).
Section: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
Topic: Evaluation of the assets and liabilities created by AASB 112
 

Chapter 18 Testbank Summary