Chapter 9 Physical Appearance: Engaging Identity and Physical Features

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Both identity and ______ are words used to describe the relatively unchanging or stable set of perceptions or ideas that we hold about ourselves.

A. self-awareness

B. self-esteem

C. self-concept

D. self-worth

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Identity and Self-Esteem

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which of the following is a description of a person’s experience of self-esteem?

A. Jesse is a talented gymnast who has won lots of medals.

B. Charles comes from a large extended family who smother him with praise.

C. Suki sees herself as a scholar and has confidence in her academic ability.

D. Brian golfs every weekend and would like to be a pro someday just like his father.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Identity and Self-Esteem

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. ______ Theory suggests that our identity is comprised of the various group memberships of which we claim to be a part.

A. Social Performance

B. Social Identity

C. Group Membership

D. Group Identity

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Identity

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Our self-esteem is often tied to our successful group memberships because group memberships ______.

A. provide us with a sense of social inclusion

B. prevent us from feeling lonely

C. are necessary for economic success

D. are easy to obtain and maintain

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theories of Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. What is the relationship between our group identity and our individual identity?

A. Group identity supersedes our need to develop an individual identify.

B. Group identity recedes in relationship to our dominant need for individual identity.

C. Group identity exists in oppositional tension to our need for individual identity.

D. Group identity can help reduce uncertainty about our individual identity.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Theories of Identity

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Being a loyal fan is an important part of Malcolm’s identity. When he chose to wear his favorite Red Sox cap on the first day of class he was revealing a(an) ______.

A. identity marker

B. identity badge

C. membership marker

D. membership badge

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Identity Badges

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Nonverbal behaviors we share with other people to represent who we are can also unintentionally give people information to ______ us.

A. contact

B. compete with

C. supervise

D. stereotype

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Identity Badges

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. What is the relationship between an individual’s nonverbal behaviors and their social status within a group?

A. An individual’s nonverbal behaviors often reflect their formal status within a group but rarely reflect their informal status.

B. An individual’s nonverbal behaviors determine their formal and informal status within a group.

C. An individual’s nonverbal behaviors will both influence and reflect their formal and informal status within a group.

D. An individual’s nonverbal behaviors often reflect their informal status within a group but rarely reflect their formal status.

Learning Objective: 9-3: Understand features of in-groups and out-groups.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: In-Groups and Out-Groups

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. When assessing if we want to interact with someone, we use visible indicators of group membership to determine whether that person ______.

A. effectively displays those visible indicators

B. is similar to us

C. is attracted to us

D. sincerely expresses loyalty to the group

Learning Objective: 9-3: Understand features of in-groups and out-groups.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: In-Groups and Out-Groups

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. The two main categories of physical appearance are features that ______

A. are perceived to be positive and features that are perceived to be negative

B. reflect group memberships and features that reflect individuality

C. are based on biologically and features selected from one’s environment

D. considered ordinary and features that are perceived to be extraordinary

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Appearance and Identity

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. As a child, Emily perceived her plumb, curvaceous mother as unattractive. As a young woman, Emily is obsessed with losing weight and working out in an attempt to change her inherited ______.

A. somatotype

B. genotype

C. somatic body

D. antibody

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Which of the following describes endomorphs?

A. Individuals whose body is characterized by more muscle and a medium height, resulting in an athletic-looking v-shaped torso.

B. Individuals whose body is characterized by little muscle or fat and a tall height, resulting in a longer, leaner build.

C. Individuals whose body is characterized by more fatty tissue and a shorter height, resulting in a rounder, plumper, or curvier shape.

D. Individuals whose body is characterized by more muscle, less fat, and a medium height, resulting in a stronger, leaner build.

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Javier was self-conscious about his tall, lanky appearance. No matter how much he worked out, he was never able to build muscle mass like his peers due to his ______ body shape.

A. endomorph

B. ectomorph

C. mesopmorph

D. multimorph

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. When compared to ectomorphs, mesomorphs ______.

A. are shorter

B. are taller

C. have less fat

D. are less athletic

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Obsessively believing oneself to have more body fat than one actually has is known as ______.

A. muscle dyspepsia

B. muscle dysmorphia

C. body-image dysphoria

D. body-image dyspepsia

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. What distinguishes faces with bi-lateral symmetry?

A. Faces with bi-lateral symmetry have facial features that are in sizes proportional to each other.

B. Faces with bi-lateral symmetry have facial features that vary in size and location on both sides of the face.

C. Faces with bi-lateral symmetry have facial features of that blend across both sides of the face.

D. Faces with bi-lateral symmetry have facial features of the same size and location on both sides of the face.

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Facial Attractiveness

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. A face with ______ appears to represent even more sex characteristics associated with that gender, such as a man’s face that appears more masculine and a woman’s face appears more feminine.

A. sexual isomorphism

B. sexual dimorphism

C. gender isomorphism

D. gender dimorphism

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Facial Attractiveness

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Which of the following are features of our physiognomy?

A. body mass index

B. facial shape and eye color

C. physical attractiveness

D. emotional expressiveness

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Facial Attractiveness

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. The things that we keep with us throughout our daily lives are known as ______.

A. accessories

B. adornments

C. artifacts

D. add-ons

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Artifacts

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Gina was excited to have an entry level position in a corporation she hoped to grow in. To impress her supervisor, she took on extra assignments and enrolled in the company’s management training program. In addition, Gina spent more money than she should have on an expensive brief case because she understood the impact of ______.

A. artifacts

B. adornments

C. investments

D. acquisitions

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Artifacts

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Clothing, jewelry, hats, sunglasses, and other forms of apparel are known as ______.

A. accessories

B. adornments

C. artifacts

D. add-ons

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Adornments

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Taking some elements of a culture relevant to a particular place and time and using them for humor or profit is known as cultural ______.

A. determinism

B. relevance

C. appropriateness

D. appropriation

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Adornments

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Unlike artifacts or adornments, body modifications are ______.

A. significantly more expensive

B. significantly more permanent

C. a more radical statement

D. culturally insensitive

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Body Modifications

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Tanica’s older sister had multiple body piercings, several on each ear and one in each nostril. When Tanica turned 13 she started getting her own body piercings, just like her big sister, because ______.

A. the degree of attractiveness of body modifications is related to personal aesthetics

B. body modifications are easy to acquire and maintain

C. body modifications are a logical extension of physical adornment

D. body modifications seemed like the normal thing to do based on her cultural experience

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Body Modifications

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. ______ are visual representations of the connections between two people, often seen in close friendships or romantic relationships.

A. Tie-sign

B. Tie-badge

C. Joint-adornment

D. Shared-artifact

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Tie-Signs and Expressions of Uniqueness

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Self-esteem is the relatively unchanging or stable set of perceptions or ideas that we hold about ourselves.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Identity and Self-Esteem

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Our self-concept describes the way we feel about our identity.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Identity and Self-Esteem

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Our self-esteem is often tied to our successful group memberships.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Identity and Self-Esteem

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Early humans adapted to flourish in small family units.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Group Membership

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Identity badges include the full range of nonverbal behaviors we display to express ourselves so that others can draw conclusions about us.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Identity Badges

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Once we are considered a member of a group, nonverbal characteristics related to status no longer matter.

Learning Objective: 9-3: Understand features of in-groups and out-groups.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: In-Groups and Out-Groups

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Nonverbal communication behaviors in social contexts can serve as key indicators of both in-group or out-group membership.

Learning Objective: 9-3: Understand features of in-groups and out-groups.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: In-Groups and Out-Groups

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. We are born with biologically based features of physical appearance that do not require our intentional choice. In contrast, when we alter our inherited physical appearance we are required to make an intentional choice.

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Body Modifications

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Research has demonstrated that people are quite accurate when evaluating their own body types.

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Mesomorphs are individuals whose body is characterized by more muscle than endomorphs or ectomorphs.

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Ectomorphs are individuals whose body is characterized by more fat than endomorphs or mesomorphs.

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Body-image dysphoria involves obsessively believing one has less muscle mass than one actually does.

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Facial symmetry is often a marker of both genetic and environmental health.

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features..

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Facial Attractiveness

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Artifacts send clear messages to others about us through our clothing, jewelry, hats, sunglasses, and other forms of apparel.

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Adornments

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Whether or not body modifications are considered normal is often dependent upon a variety of factors, including culture, geographic region, national origin, and social factors such as religiosity.

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Body Modifications

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. What is the relationship between self-concept and self-esteem and how does each impact the other?

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Theories of Identity

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Apply Social Identity Theory to your identity formation, drawing on examples of group membership from your personal experience.

Learning Objective: 9-1: Describe theories of identity and how identities are performed.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Theories of Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. In what ways are somatotype, identity, and self-esteem related?

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Body Shape

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. In what ways does an individual’s facial features contribute to the perception of their attractiveness?

Learning Objective: 9-5: Identify distinguishing characteristics of physical appearance features.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Facial Attractiveness

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Compare and contrast artifacts, adornments and body modifications as they relate to identity expression.

Learning Objective: 9-4: Compare natural features and adornments and artifacts

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Body Modifications

Difficulty Level: Hard