Exam Prep Ch10 Early Adulthood (Ages 26 To35)

Chapter 10: Early Adulthood (Ages 26 to35)

1. Question: Which of the following is a key feature that characterizes emerging adulthood?

Choices:

a. stability

b. self-focus

c. pessimism about the future

d. struggle for autonomy

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Healthy Early Adulthood Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: Erikson posits that from the ages of 19 to 40, individuals work through the crisis of _____.

Choices:

a. intimacy vs. isolation

b. integrity vs. despair

c. trust vs. mistrust

d. generativity vs. stagnation

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Healthy Early Adulthood Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: Manual agility and coordination, and sensory capacities such as vision and hearing, peak during _____.

Choices:

a. middle adulthood

b. early adulthood

c. early adolescence

d. late adolescence

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Physical Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ is a decline in the functioning of organs and systems that is influenced by genetics.

Choices:

a. Arthritis

b. Pregaming

c. Myalgia

d. Senescence

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Physical Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: According to Levinson, the ages of 17 to 45 encompass _____, which he divides into the _____ phase and the _____ phase.

Choices:

a. middle adulthood, transition, stability

b. early adulthood, transition, stability

c. early adulthood, novice, culminating

d. late adulthood, novice, mid-life transition

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Physical Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: The two most common substances that are abused during early adulthood are _____ and _____.

Choices:

a. caffeine, amphetamines

b. alcohol, marijuana

c. cigarettes, alcohol

d. marijuana, cocaine

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Physical Changes

Question type: MC

1. Question: Piaget’s concept of _____ acknowledges that the world sometimes lacks pure right and wrong solutions so individuals must draw upon prior experiences to solve problems.

Choices:

a. crystallization

b. formal operational thought

c. assimilation

d. postformal thought

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: Schaie and Willis’s Stage Theory of Cognition places individuals in early adulthood in the stages of _____ and _____.

Choices:

a. executive, acquisitive

b. achieving, responsible

c. responsible, reorganizational

d. achieving, legacy creating

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: The _____ stage of Schaie and Willis’s Stage Theory of Cognition occurs when a family is established, and the needs of spouse and offspring must be met.

Choices:

a. responsible

b. reorganizational

c. achieving

d. executive

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: In early adulthood, many individuals are still in the _____ stage of Kohlberg’s theory of morality development.

Choices:

a. conventional

b. preconventional

c. postconventional

d. formal operational

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Moral Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ is a major concern for individuals in their twenties to mid-thirties, with most people being diagnosed with it during this time of life.

Choices:

a. Anxiety

b. Depression

c. Diabetes

d. Hypertension

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Depression

Question type: MC

1. Question: Having a negative body image is unlikely to lead to _____.

Choices:

a. life satisfaction

b. eating disorders

c. exercise disorders

d. low self-concept

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Body Image Concerns

Question type: MC

1. Question: One of the major issues that contributes to substance abuse during emerging adulthood is _____.

Choices:

a. gender

b. sexual promiscuity

c. identity exploration

d. academic success

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Substance Abuse

Question type: MC

1. Question: Studies indicate that children reared in cohabitation households are more likely than children in two-parent, married households to _____.

Choices:

a. marry at a younger age

b. abstain from drug use

c. drop out of school

d. remain single in adulthood

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Cohabitation

Question type: MC

1. Question: The lifetime probability of divorce or separation for couples marrying for the first time is now estimated at _____ in the United States.

Choices:

a. 75%

b. 50%

c. 30%

d. 15%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Separation and Divorce

Question type: MC

1. Question: Lesbian and gay couples generally _____ heterosexual couples.

Choices:

a. have different relationship goals than

b. face different relationship challenges than

c. have the same relationship goals as

d. demonstrate less power-sharing than

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Same Sex Relationships

Question type: MC

1. Question: Sternberg characterizes _____ as intimacy without passion or commitment, along with feelings of closeness and warmth.

Choices:

a. friendship

b. cohabitation

c. hooking up

d. monogamy

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Friendships

Question type: MC

1. Question: A(n) _____ parenting style with one’s children may result in adults displaying fear of closeness and being overly critical or intolerant of others.

Choices:

a. secure

b. disorganized-disoriented

c. avoidant

d. anxious-resistant

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Impact of Attachment on Adult Relationships (Table 10.2)

Question type: MC

1. Question: According to Sternberg’s Theory of Love, ___ love includes intimacy and commitment.

Choices:

a. empty

b. fatuous

c. romantic

d. companionate

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Sternberg’s Theory of Love (Figure 10.2)

Question type: MC

1. Question: During the _____ stage of Schaie and Willis’s Stage Theory of Cognitive Development, people in middle adulthood take on broader perspectives than earlier, including concerns about the world.

Choices:

a. responsible

b. executive

c. reintegrative

d. reorganizational

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Schaie & Willis’s Stage Theory of Cognitive Development (Table 10.1)

Question type: MC

1. Question: Lower-income individuals with limited education often do not have good health mainly due to their living conditions and habits.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Physical Changes

Question type: TF

1. Question: Increasing evidence suggests that human beings continue to develop cognitively throughout the lifespan.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: TF

1. Question: Finding and developing relationships with an intimate partner, or series of partners, is no longer a priority for many young adults.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Social/Emotional Development

Question type: TF

1. Question: Erikson argued that maintaining a firm sense of identity is a prerequisite to having successful intimate relationships.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Risks to Healthy Early Adulthood Development

Question type: TF

1. Question: Women under age 40 are much more likely to commit suicide than men in the same age group.

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Depression

Question type: TF

1. Question: Body image perception stays with the person for most of the person’s lifespan.

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Body Image Concerns

Question type: TF

1. Question: Individuals, during their early adulthood years, who are less attractive have a better chance of getting jobs and of receiving higher salaries.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Body Image Concerns

Question type: TF

1. Question: Many individuals in early adulthood see marriage, home responsibilities, and children as obligations that they would like to avoid or try at a later date.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Substance Abuse

Question type: TF

1. Question: Discuss the treatment of substance abuse addiction in young adults and the important implications for counselors working with this population.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Substance Abuse

Question type: SA

1. Question: Explain how career decisions are linked to the young adult’s development of self-identity. How can counselors help clients during this stage of decision-making?

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Career Decisions

Question type: SA

1. Question: Discuss the possible benefits, concerns, and conflicts that may result from marriage.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Marriage

Question type: SA