Ch.9 Late Adolescence (Ages 19 To 25) Complete Test Bank 1e

Chapter 9: Late Adolescence (Ages 19 to 25)

1. Question: Which of the following is among the three leading causes of death for youngsters aged 12 to 20 in the United States?

Choices:

a. smoking

b. suicide

c. diabetes

d. HIV/AIDS

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Healthy Lifestyle

Question type: MC

1. Question: As the brain matures, the neural connections between the _____ and the _____ begin to disappear allowing the individual to reduce the influence of peers.

Choices:

a. prefrontal cortex, limbic system

b. parietal lobe, adrenal glands

c. cerebellum, limbic system

d. cerebral cortex, endocrine system

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Brain

Question type: MC

1. Question: Perry’s Theory of epistemic cognition states that individuals move from _____ to _____ thinking as they mature.

Choices:

a. dualistic, deductive

b. dualistic, relativistic

c. deductive, inductive

d. relativistic, dualistic

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: According to Piaget, individuals in the _____ thought stage of cognitive development have more complex decision-making skills that take into consideration situational circumstances and integrate emotion with logic.

Choices:

a. formal-operational

b. concrete operational

c. conventional operational

d. postformal

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ believed that females tend to emphasize caring when cognitively handling ethical decisions whereas males emphasize justice.

Choices:

a. Piaget

b. Kohlberg

c. Gilligan

d. Perry

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: Which stage of Kohlberg’s theory involves the individual maintaining rules and regulations, not because an authority figure has directed them to do so, but because the individual has a greater concern for society as a whole?

Choices:

a. self-interest

b. obedience or punishment

c. maintaining the social order

d. interpersonal accord and conformity

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Cognitive Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: According to Erikson, a later adolescent has the basic conflict of _____ to work through.

Choices:

a. trust vs. mistrust

b. integrity vs. despair

c. generativity vs. stagnation

d. intimacy vs. isolation

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Intimate Relationships

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ is the act of consuming significant amounts of alcohol in a short span of time before even arriving at the main event.

Choices:

a. Binging

b. Pregaming

c. Pledging

d. Hazing

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Alcohol Use in High School and College

Question type: MC

1. Question: Which of the following are the best predictors of a positive transition from a high school to the college setting?

Choices:

a. high academic ethic and achievement

b. strong family support and IQ

c. high socioeconomic level and IQ

d. strong peer relationships and high academic ethic

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Important Factors

Question type: MC

1. Question: Which of the following is a main issue with facilitating a continuous transition from high school to college for late adolescents?

Choices:

a. lack of quality curriculum during high school

b. lack of parental support

c. low SAT scores

d. poorly trained teachers

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Academic Transitions

Question type: MC

1. Question: The number of late adolescents never leaving home or returning home after college has increased drastically due primarily to the _____.

Choices:

a. drop in the number of young adults enrolled in college

b. lack of employment opportunities available

c. increased number of individuals getting married right after college

d. increase in home ownership

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Graduates: Returning Home after College and Choosing Not to Go to College

Question type: MC

1. Question: Which of the following is one of the CDC’s main categories of youth risk behaviors?

Choices:

a. risky sexual behaviors

b. homicide

c. underage drinking

d. prescription drug use

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Risky Behaviors

Question type: MC

1. Question: Differences in sexual activity are most often related to _____ and _____.

Choices:

a. academic performance, drug use

b. socioeconomic level, academic performance

c. gender, sexual values

d. gender, ethnicity

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Sexual Activity

Question type: MC

1. Question: The symptoms of anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders usually first appear during _____.

Choices:

a. late adolescence

b. young adulthood

c. early or middle adolescence

d. toddlerhood

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Eating Disorders

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ may be the greatest risk factor among externalizing behaviors for bulimia.

Choices:

a. Sexual promiscuity

b. Impulsivity

c. Poor academic performance

d. Poor family relationships

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Eating Disorders

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ has proven to be the therapy of choice for treating bulimia in adults while _____ has been shown to be effective for treating adolescents with bulimia and anorexia.

Choices:

a. Reality therapy, family therapy

b. REBT, CBT

c. CBT, family therapy

d. Cognitive therapy, Adlerian therapy

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Eating Disorders

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ is the capacity to be sensitive and effective in relating to other people.

Choices:

a. Social competence

b. Emotional competence

c. Empathy

d. Self-efficacy

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Emotional and Social Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: _____ includes self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, and the ability to get along with others and make friends.

Choices:

a. Emotional competence

b. Social intelligence

c. Emotional intelligence

d. Social competence

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Emotional and Social Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: The foundation of _____ theory states that individuals should achieve specific coming of age goals at various points in their life.

Choices:

a. psychosexual

b. andragogy

c. Gestalt

d. social clock

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Social Clock Theory

Question type: MC

1. Question: During _____, an individual will begin the decision-making process of determining a career path and defining one’s goals.

Choices:

a. middle childhood

b. late adolescence

c. early childhood

d. young adulthood

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Career Development

Question type: MC

1. Question: Young adults who have little or no involvement in physical activity are associated with cigarette smoking, marijuana use, and poor dietary habits.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Healthy Lifestyle

Question type: TF

1. Question: Risk-taking behaviors decline between adolescence and adulthood.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Brain

Question type: TF

1. Question: Earlier sleep and wake times correlated with lower grade point averages in late adolescence.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: The Brain

Question type: TF

1. Question: A growing number of individuals are choosing to marry later in life or to remain single.

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Social Clock Theory

Question type: TF

1. Question: Late adolescents have the lowest rate of drinking, taking pills, and smoking marijuana due to their maturing levels of moral and cognitive development.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: The Danger

Question type: TF

1. Question: Mothers of African American students tend to provide more assistance and support in the transition from high school to college than Caucasian mothers.

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Important Factors

Question type: TF

1. Question: Individuals of minority status are much less likely to continue or return to reside with their parents after college than individuals of majority status.

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Graduates: Returning Home after College and Choosing Not to Go to College

Question type: TF

1. Question: Students in the college culture who frequently engage in hooking up tend to be younger, White, and less religious.

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Sexual Activity

Question type: TF

1. Question: Discuss examples of specific ways that counselors can employ multicultural awareness to be most effective when working with late adolescents.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Counseling Issues

Question type: SA

1. Question: Describe the concept of social capital and how late adolescents use technology to develop social capital. What are the implications of technology for optimizing counseling services with late adolescents?

Answer Technology is a major trend during early adolescence but even more prevalent in the older adolescence phase. Social networking, such as Facebook and Twitter, continues to be an important part of their lifestyle. Facebook tends to be an important factor in maintaining social capital. This age group tends to place great emphasis on social capital, and intense Facebook use has been found to predict social capital. Facebook helps individuals to maintain contact with high school friends as well as recently developing friendships. Counselors need to be cognizant in areas of social networking, such as peer counseling, online chat services, and other online social networking. Research has shown that implicating social media as a means to increase engagement on college campuses has been quite effective. Engaging these individuals via methods with which they are familiar has been shown to increase academic and social development. Though social media has received negative stigma, counselors could embrace the opportunity to use it to their advantage when trying to reach this group of individuals.

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Current Counseling Trends

Question type: SA

1. Question: List and explain each of the stages in Gilligan’s Ethic of Care.

Stage Goal

Preconventional Individual Survival

Transition from selfishness to responsibility to others.

Conventional Self-sacrifice is goodness

Transition from goodness to truth that he or she is a person too.

Postconventional Principle of nonviolence: do not hurt others or self

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Gilligan’s Stages of the Ethic of Care (Table 9.1)

Question type: SA