Complete Test Bank Chapter 7 Analyzing Sociocultural Systems - Complete Test Bank | Cultural Anthropology Global 10e by Raymond Scupin. DOCX document preview.
Test Bank
Chapter 7: Analyzing Sociocultural Systems
Multiple Choice
1. A cultural anthropologist preparing to go into the field reads the diary account written by the first anthropologist ever to work in that area. What is the diary account an example of?
a. archival data
b. observation
c. interview
d. survey
Learning Objective: 7.1: Discuss how cultural anthropologists prepare to study society and culture.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Ethnographic Fieldwork
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. What is the most fundamental methodology used by cultural anthropologists?
a. The interview
b. Participant observation
c. Archival research
d. Surveying
Learning Objective: 7.1: Discuss how cultural anthropologists prepare to study society and culture.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Ethnographic Fieldwork
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. A ______ is typically submitted for funding requests before going into the field.
a. scientific prospectus
b. background research project
c. archival analysis
d. research design
Learning Objective: 7.1: Discuss how cultural anthropologists prepare to study society and culture.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Ethnographic Fieldwork
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. According to the text, the ability to ______ is the most important skill for a cultural anthropologist in the field.
a. draw maps
b. speak the local language
c. live off the land
d. cook
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Ethnographic Research and Strategies
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Conducting a ______ helps the anthropologist understand how members of the society under study spend their days.
a. survey
b. life history
c. time-allocation analysis
d. mind mapping session
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Ethnographic Research and Strategies
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. ______ help facilitate introductions between the cultural anthropologist and people they may wish to interview.
a. Tour guides
b. Cultural guides
c. Key informants
d. Ambassadors
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Key Informants
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. The ______ interview allows the informant to tell the anthropologist about parts of society about which the anthropologist may not have known to ask.
a. unstructured
b. structured
c. uniform
d. ambiguous
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Interviews
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. What makes a sample random?
a. It consists of the first 50 people the anthropologist meets.
b. Each person in the society has an equal chance of being selected.
c. It comprises carefully chosen people from all segments of society.
d. It is large enough to be representative.
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Interviews
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. Data about the caloric intake of people at every level of society would fall into the ______ category.
a. emic
b. etic
c. qualitative
d. sample
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. Data about the complex interrelationships of religion, sex, and relationships in a society would fall into the ______ category.
a. emic
b. etic
c. quantitative
d. ethologic
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. During which scenario is an anthropology most likely to experience culture shock?
a. Learning the language in preparation for fieldwork
b. Returning home from fieldwork
c. Writing the research design
d. Conducting background research
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Culture Shock
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. What is one way that anthropologists might preserve the confidentiality of their informants?
a. Making sure to truthfully relate their stories
b. Blacking out their names before turning in field notes
c. The use of pseudonyms
d. Describing the person carefully but not using their name
Learning Objective: 7.3: Discuss some of the ethical dilemmas of ethnographic research.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Ethics in Anthropological Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Which of the following can anthropologists ethically include when writing about a group under study?
a. The names of informants
b. Political activity that may draw governmental attention
c. The location of a valuable local resource such as a gold mine
d. Religious beliefs and practices found in the group
Learning Objective: 7.3: Discuss some of the ethical dilemmas of ethnographic research.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Ethics in Anthropological Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. Which of the following would be an ethical issue if included in published anthropological work?
a. Identifying details of informants
b. Religious beliefs and practices
c. Sexual behavior of young adults
d. Linguistic relationships
Learning Objective: 7.3: Discuss some of the ethical dilemmas of ethnographic research.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Ethics in Anthropological Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. Who is ultimately responsible for how anthropological data is used?
a. ethnographer
b. funding agency
c. government
d. university
Learning Objective: 7.3: Discuss some of the ethical dilemmas of ethnographic research.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Ethics in Anthropological Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. An independent variable ______ the dependent variable.
a. is not correlated with
b. is affected by
c. is explained by
d. explains
Learning Objective: 7.4: Discuss how cultural anthropologists analyze their ethnographic data.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Universals, Independent and Dependent Variables
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. ______ hypotheses recognize that cultures must be studied holistically.
a. Univariate
b. Multivariate
c. Correlational
d. Causational
Learning Objective: 7.4: Discuss how cultural anthropologists analyze their ethnographic data.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Universals, Independent and Dependent Variables
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Anthropologists publish ______ based on their fieldwork.
a. ethnographies
b. ethologies
c. modules
d. narratives
Learning Objective: 7.4: Discuss how cultural anthropologists analyze their ethnographic data.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Analysis of Ethnographic Data
Difficulty Level: Easy
19. An anthropologist notices that as people in a particular society get older, the number of suitors they have increases. After further research, the anthropologist is able to establish a causal relationship. Which of the following is the dependent variable?
a. Gender of the suitors
b. Age of the person being pursued
c. Number of suitors
d. Attractiveness of the person being pursued
Learning Objective: 7.4: Discuss how cultural anthropologists analyze their ethnographic data.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Universals, Independent and Dependent Variables
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. How are the categories of band, tribe, chiefdom, agricultural state, and industrial and postindustrial states used?
a. To rank each society from most primitive to most civilized.
b. As ideal types that serve as a starting point for understanding similarities and differences.
c. To illustrate the progression from small-scale to large-scale that each culture makes over time.
d. To justify the poor treatment of those in bands and tribes by those in chiefdoms and states.
Learning Objective: 7.5: Discuss the contemporary view of sociocultural evolution used by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sociocultural Evolution: A Contemporary Model
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. Referring to the categories of sociocultural system as “ideal types” accounts for the ______.
a. variability within each cultural group
b. similarities across all cultures within each category
c. unilineal evolution of cultures
d. tendency of societies to change rapidly
Learning Objective: 7.5: Discuss the contemporary view of sociocultural evolution used by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Sociocultural Evolution: A Contemporary Model
Difficulty Level: Medium
22. What do foraging societies depend on for survival?
a. Wild resources
b. Domesticated plants and animals
c. Small gardens
d. Herds of animals
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Foraging, Band, or Hunter-Gatherer Societies
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. Which sociocultural system is the oldest?
a. Band
b. Tribe
c. Chiefdom
d. State
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Foraging, Band, or Hunter-Gatherer Societies
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. Leaders of bands have ______.
a. more wealth than others in the society
b. more political power than others in the society
c. personal abilities that induce others to follow them
d. inherited power
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Foraging, Band, or Hunter-Gatherer Societies
Difficulty Level: Medium
25. Which of the following statements about tribal societies is true?
a. They hunt and gather resources for subsistence.
b. They have inherited leadership.
c. They are more civilized than band societies.
d. They have domesticated animals and crops.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Concept of Tribe in Anthropology
Difficulty Level: Medium
26. Why is the concept of « tribe » considered problematic?
a. It can be vague and pejorative.
b. It refers to horticulturalists and pastoralists.
c. It leads people to believe bands and chiefdoms are more different than is true.
d. It implies a diffusion of power among kin groups.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Concept of Tribe in Anthropology
Difficulty Level: Medium
27. What is the major difference between bands and tribes?
a. Bands are less evolved than tribes.
b. Bands do not have leaders and tribes do.
c. Bands are larger than tribes.
d. Bands are foragers and tribes are food producers.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Concept of Tribe in Anthropology
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. Chiefdoms have populations of up to ______.
a. dozens
b. hundreds
c. tens of thousands
d. millions
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Concept of the Chiefdom
Difficulty Level: Easy
29. What is the biggest difference between bands and chiefdoms?
a. Everyone is equal in a chiefdom but not in a band.
b. Bands have shamans and chiefdoms have priests.
c. Bands are horticulturalists and chiefdoms are agriculturalists.
d. Bands are egalitarian and chiefdoms are not.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Concept of the Chiefdom
Difficulty Level: Medium
30. Chiefdoms have ______ form of power.
a. a centralized
b. a decentralized
c. either a centralized or a decentralized
d. an acephalous
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Concept of the Chiefdom
Difficulty Level: Easy
31. What is the biggest difference between agriculture and horticulture?
a. Agriculture involves technology to produce surplus food and horticulture yields enough for the family.
b. Agriculture relies on crops and horticulture relies on domesticated animals.
c. Agriculture refers to domesticated resources and horticulture refers to wild.
d. Agriculturalists live in states and horticulturalists live in bands.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Agricultural States
Difficulty Level: Medium
32. A Chinese agricultural state developed independently from other agricultural states around the world. This makes it an example of a/an ______ state.
a. unilineal
b. peripheral
c. secondary
d. primary
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Agricultural States
Difficulty Level: Medium
33. Most labor in an industrial state involves ______.
a. information and service
b. factory and office work
c. farming and herding
d. hunting and gathering
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Industrial and Postindustrial States
Difficulty Level: Easy
34. Studies that compare cultures are called ______ research.
a. ethological
b. emic
c. ethnological
d. postfordist
Learning Objective: 7.7: Describe the strengths and limitations of the cross-cultural approach.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Cross-Cultural Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
35. Ethnographic databases are crucial tools for ______.
a. cross-cultural analysis
b. fieldwork
c. participant observation
d. emic research
Learning Objective: 7.7: Describe the strengths and limitations of the cross-cultural approach.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Cross-Cultural Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
1. People often behave differently when they are being video recorded.
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. It is important for anthropologists to identify their informants when they write ethnographies.
Learning Objective: 7.3: Discuss some of the ethical dilemmas of ethnographic research.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Ethics in Anthropological Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. The categories of band, tribe, chiefdom, and state are the modern unilineal evolutionary view of cultural change.
Learning Objective: 7.5: Discuss the contemporary view of sociocultural evolution used by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sociocultural Evolution: A Contemporary Model
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Modern hunter-gatherers live in isolation from outsiders.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Foraging, Band, or Hunter-Gatherer Societies
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. The major difference between state and pre-state societies is population size.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Agricultural States
Difficulty Level: Easy
Essay
1. Evaluate the importance of including both the emic and etic perspective in anthropological fieldwork.
Learning Objective: 7.2: Describe the actual research methods used for ethnographic studies.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Difficulty Level: Hard
2. Should anthropologists work as part of combat units? Discuss the arguments for and against this practice.
Learning Objective: 7.3: Discuss some of the ethical dilemmas of ethnographic research.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Ethics in Anthropological Research
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. Why do bands and tribes lack the types of complex technologies used by those in states?
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Foraging, Band, or Hunter-Gatherer Societies
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. If you could choose to live in a foraging, horticultural, pastoral, or agricultural society, which would you choose and why? Your answer should demonstrate your knowledge of each type of society.
Learning Objective: 7.6: Describe the types of sociocultural systems studied by anthropologists.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Agricultural States
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. How can anthropologists use cross-cultural databases like the Human Relations Area Files? What precautions should anthropologists take when using these resources?
Learning Objective: 7.7: Discuss the strengths and limitations of the cross-cultural approach.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Cross-Cultural Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
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Complete Test Bank | Cultural Anthropology Global 10e
By Raymond Scupin