Chapter.9 Test Questions & Answers Meiosis

Essentials of The Living World, 6e (Johnson)

Chapter 9 Meiosis

1) During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

A) prophase I

B) anaphase I

C) prophase II

D) telophase II

E) anaphase II

2) Replication of DNA occurs

A) twice, before meiosis I and meiosis II.

B) before meiosis II only.

C) during interphase.

D) during prophase I.

E) during prophase II.

3) In which phase are the pairs of homologous chromosomes, with their sister chromatids, pulled apart?

A) prophase I

B) anaphase I

C) telophase I

D) prophase II

E) anaphase II

4) If you were sorting labels related to meiosis and mitosis in bins during lab, which one should you remove from the "meiosis" bin (i.e. which item does not belong)?

A) synapsis

B) reduction division

C) diploid daughter cells

D) haploid daughter cells

E) genetically unique daughter cells

5) The process of independent assortment refers to

A) the random meeting of an egg and sperm.

B) the orientation of homologous chromosomes during metaphase I.

C) the orientation of chromosomes during metaphase II.

D) the random choice of which cell in germ-line tissue will begin meiosis.

E) whether sexual or asexual reproduction will occur.

6) In anaphase I ________ separate, and in anaphase II ________ separate.

A) homologous chromosomes; sister chromatids

B) sister chromatids; homologous chromosomes

C) haploid cells; diploid cells

D) homologous chromosomes; diploid cells

E) sister chromatids; haploid cells

7) Why is crossing over not possible in meiosis II?

A) Homologous chromosomes are no longer in the same cell.

B) The enzymes needed are no longer present.

C) Prophase only occurs in meiosis I.

D) Meiosis II is much shorter than meiosis I.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

8) After meiosis I, ________ cells are formed and after meiosis II, ________ cells result.

A) 2; 3

B) 4; 4

C) 2; 4

D) 4; 8

E) 2; 8

9) The pairing of homologous chromosomes all along their lengths

A) involves sister chromatids.

B) results in the crossing over event.

C) requires cohesin proteins.

D) occurs in prophase I.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

10) The process that serves to decrease cellular chromosome number by half is

A) mitosis.

B) meiosis.

C) binary fission.

D) mitosis and meiosis.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

11) If an organism's diploid number is 64, its haploid number would be

A) 128.

B) 64.

C) 12.

D) 32.

E) 22.

12) The purpose of meiosis I is to

A) separate homologous chromosomes.

B) replicate chromosomes.

C) create 4 haploid cells.

D) separate sister chromatids.

E) repair errors in DNA synthesis.

13) The exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes is known as

A) random fertilization.

B) independent assortment.

C) crossing over.

D) lining up at the equator.

E) metaphase.

14) Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occurs during

A) prophase I.

B) metaphase I.

C) anaphase II.

D) metaphase II.

E) telophase I.

15) In humans, gametes are ________ and somatic cells are ________.

A) diploid; diploid

B) haploid; diploid

C) haploid; haploid

D) haploid; triploid

E) triploid; haploid

16) In 1887, which scientist was, and is still credited, with proposing the fusion of egg and sperm to form a zygote?

A) Watson

B) Crick

C) Fleming

D) Muller

E) van Beneden

17) In plants like the fern, haploid cells produced by meiosis divide by ________ to form a multicellular haploid phase.

A) meiosis

B) binary fission

C) mitosis

D) budding

E) sporulation

18) In humans, germ-line cells are located in the

A) brain.

B) muscle cells.

C) kidneys.

D) ovaries and testes.

E) eyes.

19) During which stage(s) do chromosomes line up on a central plane?

A) metaphase I

B) anaphase II

C) metaphase II

D) both metaphase I and metaphase II

E) both metaphase I and anaphase II

20) During which stage do chromosomes line up in pairs on the equatorial plane?

A) metaphase I

B) anaphase II

C) metaphase II

D) telophase I

E) telophase II

21) If you were asked to differentiate cells in prophase I or prophase II, you would refer to the

A) crossing over.

B) nucleolus disappearance.

C) nuclear membrane disappearance.

D) chromosomes coiling.

E) spindle formation.

22) The number of different possible gametes that an organism can produce due to independent assortment is 2n, where n is the number of chromosome pairs. How many different kinds of gametes can be produced by humans due to independent assortment only?

A) 232

B) 462

C) 234

D) 223

E) 246

23) Many protists are ________ for most of their lives.

A) diploid

B) germ-line

C) haploid

D) crossovers

E) multicellular

24) Some organisms are able to reproduce both sexually and asexually.

25) The fusion of gametes, that results in a zygote, is called fertilization.

26) The arrangement of the chromosomes in metaphase I does not affect which homologues end up in the resulting gametes.

27) Meiosis involves 4 nuclear divisions.

28) In most animals, the multicellular stage of the life cycle is diploid.

29) Asexual reproduction relies on mitosis only.

30) A drug to prevent centromere breakdown would stall gamete formation in metaphase I.

31) In the fern life cycle, the haploid stage is only unicellular.

32) A pesticide which interferes with meiosis, will only control insects using ________ reproduction.

33) The single cell formed by syngamy, or the fusion of gametes, is called a ________.

34) When nonsister chromatids exchange segments during meiosis, the process is called ________ ________.

35) During metaphase I of meiosis, the random orientation of the pairs of homologues that results in gametes with different combinations of the parental chromosomes is called ________ ________.

36) What are three key differences between meiosis and mitosis?

37) What is the difference between a gamete and a zygote and what are the processes that give rise to them?

38) From the following, select all events that contribute to genetic variation of an organism.

A) DNA replication during interphase

B) crossing over during prophase I

C) independent assortment during metaphase I

D) random fertilization of egg and sperm

E) division of the cytoplasm during cytokinesis

39) Eggs and sperm are examples of gametes.

40) Select all the characteristics of human haploid cells.

A) 46 chromosomes

B) require mitosis

C) require meiosis

D) genetically different from the parent cell

E) originate from germ-line cells