Chapter.9 Reproduction And Parenting Complete Test Bank - Test Bank | Marriages and Families 2e by Howe by Tasha R. Howe. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 9: Reproduction and Parenting
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. Which method of contraception is as effective as the oral pill?
a. intramuscular injection
b. rhythm method
c. coitus interruptus
d. spermicidal jelly
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Overview: To Parent or Not To Parent
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Which statement about childbirth in industrialized nations is CORRECT?
a. Male doctors began to attend women as early as the 12th century.
b. Maternal death rates fell dramatically with the discovery of antisepsis in the 18th century.
c. Throughout history, women gave birth at home, attended only by women.
d. By the 18th century, most women delivered their babies in hospitals.
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Historical Beliefs and Practices Surrounding Childbirth
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. After what age do women experience greater chances of infertility, miscarriage, and birth defects?
a. 25
b. 35
c. 45
d. 55
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Egg and the Prenatal Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Harmful agents, such as drugs, alcohol, toxic fumes, biohazards, lead, pollution, and radiation, that can cross the placenta and harm the fetus are called ______.
a. carcinogens
b. prenatal poisonings
c. teratogens
d. placenta-antagonists
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Egg and the Prenatal Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. The role of HOX genes is to determine ______.
a. the sex of a child
b. the rate at which fetal body structures develop
c. which parent’s genes will predominate
d. the order in which fetal body structures develop
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Role of Genes After Fertilization
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. The structure that nourishes and protects a fetus during development is the ______.
a. placenta
b. ovary
c. zygote
d. oocyte
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. When does the embryonic stage of development begin?
a. at conception
b. 6 days after conception
c. 2 weeks after conception
d. 2 months after conception
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Which of the following occurs during the fetal stage of development?
a. The heart begins to beat.
b. The spinal cord develops.
c. The brain begins to develop.
d. The entire body grows rapidly.
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. A(n) ______ is a surgical incision made in a woman’s perineal tissue to ease childbirth.
a. epidermal
b. episiotomy
c. epecitius
d. oophorectomy
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Giving Birth
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. The purpose of the Lamaze method is to ______.
a. make labor and delivery painless
b. help women to take charge of labor
c. encourage partners to act as coaches
d. prevent medical intervention in labor
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Natural Birth
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. A woman may suspect that she has postpartum depression when ______.
a. feelings of sadness and fatigue last for more than 2 weeks
b. she experiences mild feelings of sadness and fatigue right after childbirth
c. she experiences increased feelings of marital satisfaction
d. tension between her and her partner escalates after childbirth
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-4: Discuss challenges individuals may face during the transition to parenthood.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Postpartum Mental Health
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. All of the following factors are associated with male infertility EXCEPT ______.
a. marijuana smoking
b. cancer
c. working in cold environments
d. alcohol and drug use
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Infertility and Innovative Ways to Become a Parent
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Which statement about IVF (in vitro fertilization) is INCORRECT?
a. Using a donor egg and fresh sperm, the success rate approaches 50%.
b. Even if the embryo implants, most women eventually miscarry.
c. It is possible to choose the infant’s sex with a high degree of accuracy.
d. Multiple births occur in 37% of cases in the United States.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: In Vitro Fertilization
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. In which type of adoption are relatively older children usually adopted out of foster care?
a. open adoption
b. private adoption
c. public adoption
d. international adoption
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Public Adoption
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. The most important implication of neural plasticity for human development is that
a. children can easily overcome negative influences that occur early in life.
b. children’s brains adapt to the setting in which they have their early experiences.
c. young children learn languages more easily than adults.
d. the brain is continually adding neurons during the first 3 years of life.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-6: Identify the basic needs of all children around the world, and which parenting styles are related to meeting or not meeting those needs.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Infant Brains and the Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. Breastfeeding during the first year of life has been linked to ______.
a. higher IQs during childhood
b. lower stress during childhood
c. insecure bonds with fathers during infancy
d. lower weight gain during adolescence
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth. | 9-6: Identify the basic needs of all children around the world, and which parenting styles are related to meeting or not meeting those needs.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Historical Views of Motherhood and Fatherhood
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Which parenting style is high on warmth/responsiveness but low on control/demandingness?
a. authoritative
b. authoritarian
c. permissive/indulgent
d. neglectful
Learning Objective: 9-6: Identify the basic needs of all children around the world, and which parenting styles are related to meeting or not meeting those needs.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Parenting Styles
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Which parenting style is high on warmth/responsiveness and also high on control/demandingness?
a. authoritative
b. authoritarian
c. permissive/indulgent
d. neglectful
Learning Objective: 9-6: Identify the basic needs of all children around the world, and which parenting styles are related to meeting or not meeting those needs.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Socioeconomic Influences on Parenting Styles
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. Approximately what percentage of single parents are single fathers?
A. 5%
B. 30%
C. 45%
D. 60%
Learning Objective: 9-6: Identify the basic needs of all children around the world, and which parenting styles are related to meeting or not meeting those needs.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Single Parents
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. Research on children who grow up in LGBT homes reveals all of the following EXCEPT that ______.
a. sons of gay males have the most difficulty accepting their parents’ coming out.
b. outcomes are similar to those of straight families with similar socioeconomic backgrounds.
c. having two parents, regardless of sexual orientation, leads to better outcomes.
d. children from LGBT homes embrace gender and racial stereotypes more readily than children of straight parents.
Learning Objective: 9-6: Identify the basic needs of all children around the world, and which parenting styles are related to meeting or not meeting those needs.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: LGBT Parents
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
1. Postpartum depression symptoms include feeling sad, hopeless, and overwhelmed.
Learning Objective: 9-4: Discuss challenges individuals may face during the transition to parenthood.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Postpartum Mental Health
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. MRIs are medical procedures that increase the chances that a couple can have children.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Artificial Insemination
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. In vitro fertilization: The introduction of sperm into the vagina to aid in fertilization.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Artificial Insemination
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Artificial insemination: The introduction of a zygote or blastocyst into the uterus to increase the chances of pregnancy.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Artificial Insemination
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is an optional procedure occurring during in vitro fertilization where genetic disorders are screened out and only healthy embryos implanted.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: In Vitro Fertilization
Difficulty Level: Hard
6. Microsort sperm sorting: An optional procedure occurring during in vitro fertilization where chromosomes are marked with dye so that gender selection of babies can take place before implantation.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: In Vitro Fertilization
Difficulty Level: Hard
7. Private adoption is foster care with biological family members who are not the child’s parents.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Adoption
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Kinship care is when a birth mother decides to give up her newborn or infant and work with an agency and/or attorney to help her choose a suitable family to adopt.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Adoption
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. International adoptions are adoptions conducted across country lines; usually western parents adopting children from developing nations.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: International Adoption
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. Post-adoption depression syndrome can occur in men or women and has the same symptoms as postpartum depression.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Unique Challenges of Adoptive Parenting
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. Cognitive plasticity refers to the brain’s ability to absorb information from the environment and organize its own functioning to work well in that specific type of environment.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Infant Brains and the Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. Concerted cultivation is a socialization principle used by middle-class parents to cultivate their children’s individuality, self-confidence, and independent thinking.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Socioeconomic Influences on Parenting Styles
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Concerted cultivation is an ideology that drives parents’ plans for their children’s future and influences the parenting tactics they implement.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Socioeconomic Influences on Parenting Styles
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. Aloof fathers are dads who follow traditional gender stereotypes and expect to contribute to their family mainly by providing material goods.
Learning Objective: 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Intimate and Aloof Fathering
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. Planned same-sex families are gay or lesbian families that contain children who were born into previous heterosexual unions; these children have experienced divorce and a parent’s “coming out.”
Learning Objective: 9-4: Discuss challenges individuals may face during the transition to parenthood. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: LGBT Parents
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. Divorced same-sex families are gay or lesbian families that planned to have children together in their union.
Learning Objective: 9-4: Discuss challenges individuals may face during the transition to parenthood. | 9-5: Explain some causes of infertility and the strategies people use to become parents.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: LGBT Parents
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
1. The egg has a fertile life of about ______ hr.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Egg and the Prenatal Environment
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. ______ cause the most damage during the first trimester of pregnancy when all of the major organ structures are forming in the embryo.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Egg and the Prenatal Environment
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. ______ genes are a set of 39 genes that determine the order in which a baby’s body structures develop in the womb.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Role of Genes After Fertilization
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. ______ is the name for the newly created being that is formed when sperm meets egg.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. This is vascularly rich organ that attaches to the uterus and provides a baby with nutrients while protecting it from waste and toxins.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. This new being, a fluid-filled sphere of layered cells, called the ______, continues to travel down the fallopian tubes to the uterus, where it will implant into the uterine lining.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Men often show pregnancy symptoms like weight gain, cravings, and backaches, known as sympathy pregnancy and the term for this is ______.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Hard
8. This is the last stage of prenatal development when no new structures form; growth and refinement of existing structures take place.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Prenatal Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. In a procedure called ______, doctors snipped the mother’s perineum, the flesh at the bottom of the vaginal opening, to allow a quicker delivery of the baby.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Giving Birth
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. ______ is a surgical procedure that removes a baby from its mother’s womb by cutting directly into the uterus.
Learning Objective: 9-3: Explain some of the main processes involved in prenatal development and birth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Giving Birth
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. In what way are most children today treated better than they were in the past? What do you think is the primary reason for this?
Learning Objective: 9-1: Identify the reasons why people choose to parent or not to parent. | 9-6: Identify the basic needs of all children around the world, and which parenting styles are related to meeting or not meeting those needs.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Historical Views of Children and Childhood
Difficulty Level: Hard
2. What are the factors that lead to stress in both mothers and fathers after childbirth? How can these factors be ameliorated?
Learning Objective: 9-4: Discuss challenges individuals may face during the transition to parenthood. | 9-7: Identify some key challenges that all parents face and outline some of the main differences experienced by diverse types of parents.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Transition to Parenthood
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. Discuss the various means of assisted fertility covered in the chapter, including adoption. Do you think more or less regulation is required? What new legislation might make the adoption system more rational?
Learning Objective: 9-4: Discuss challenges individuals may face during the transition to parenthood. | 9-7: Identify some key challenges that all parents face and outline some of the main differences experienced by diverse types of parents.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Infertility and Innovative Ways to Become a Parent
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. Discuss the positive and negative effects of neural plasticity on human social and cognitive development.
Learning Objective: 9-4: Discuss challenges individuals may face during the transition to parenthood. | 9-7: Identify some key challenges that all parents face and outline some of the main differences experienced by diverse types of parents.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Infant Brains and the Environment
Difficulty Level: Hard